新概念第1册语法总结 本文关键词：新概念，语法
新概念第1册语法总结 本文简介：新概念英语第一册语法总结新概念英语第一册语法总结一、时态：1.一般现在时表示一般性，经常性的动作或客观存在事实。动词be的用法：I用am，you用are，其他记牢单用is复用are。1含有be动词的句子Heisateacher.Thegirlisverybeautiful.TimandJackare
新概念第1册语法总结 本文内容：
新概念英语第一册语法总结
新概念英语第一册语法总结
一、时态：
1.
一般现在时
表示一般性，经常性的动作或客观存在事实。
动词be的用法：I用am，you用are，其他记牢单用is复用are。
1
含有be动词的句子
He
is
a
teacher.
The
girl
is
very
beautiful.
Tim
and
Jack
are
students.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Is
he
a
teacher?
Is
the
girl
very
beautiful?
Are
Tim
and
Jack
students?
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,he
is.
No,he
is
not.
Yes,she
is.
No,she
is
not.
Yes,they
are.
No,they
are
not.
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
He
is
not
a
teacher.
The
girl
is
not
very
beautiful.
Tim
and
Jack
are
not
students.
2.
现在进行时
表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成：
主语＋be动词＋动词的现在分词＋其它成分（现在分词的构成见附录）
We
are
having
lunch.
He
is
reading
a
book.
The
dog
is
running
after
a
cat.
The
boys
are
swimming
across
the
river.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Are
we
having
lunch?
Is
he
reading
a
book?
Is
the
dog
running
after
a
cat?
Are
the
boys
swimming
across
the
river?
★变否定句在be动词后面加
not
We
are
not
having
lunch.
He
is
not
reading
a
book.
The
dog
is
not
running
after
a
cat.
The
boys
are
swimming
across
the
river.
★特殊疑问句：what,which,how,where,who,etc.
疑问词＋动词＋主语＋现在分词
What
are
you
doing?
What
is
she
doing?
What
is
the
dog
doing?
没有进行时的动词（必背）
表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作
1.
表示感觉，感官的词
see,hear,like,love,want,2.
have,has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时
3.
一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或事件，
常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last
night,the
day
before
yesterday,3
days
ago,含有be动词的句子，
将动词变为过去式，am,is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were
I
was
at
the
butcher’s.
You
were
a
student
a
year
ago.
The
teacher
was
very
beautiful
ten
years
ago.
★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首
Were
you
at
the
butcher’s?
Were
you
a
student
a
year
ago?
Was
the
teacher
very
beautiful
ten
years
ago?
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
I
was
not
at
the
butcher’s.
You
were
not
a
student
a
year
ago.
The
teacher
was
not
very
beautiful
ten
years
ago.
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes,I
was.
No,I
was
not.
Yes,you
were.
No,you
were
not.
Yes,he/she
was.
No,he/she
was
not.
★特殊疑问句：
What
did
you
do?
（必背）
不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，动词过去式构成见附录
I
finished
my
homework
yesterday.
The
boy
went
to
a
restaurant.
The
Sawyers
lived
at
King
Street
a
year
ago.
★变疑问句在句首加did，
动词变为原型
Did
you
finish
your
homework
yesterday?
Did
the
boy
go
to
a
restaurant?
Did
the
Sawyers
live
at
King
Street
a
year
ago?
★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did
not，动词变回原形。
I
did
not
finish
my
homework
yesterday.
The
boy
did
not
go
to
a
restaurant.
The
Sawyers
did
not
live
at
King
Street
a
year
ago.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,I
did.
No,I
didn’t.
Yes,he
did.
No,he
didn’t.
Yes,they
did.
No,they
did
not.
4.
现在完成时
构成：主语+助动词have,has+过去分词
用法：
2）
表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just,usually,already,since等时间副词连用
I
have
just
had
lunch.
（饱了，不用再吃了）
He
has
had
a
cup
of
tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）
They
have
already
had
their
holiday.
（不能再度假了）
The
boy
has
already
read
the
book.
（已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了）
3）
询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：
Have
you
finished
your
homework?
Have
you
been
to
Beijing?
Have
he
seen
the
film?
4）
表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作
I
have
lived
in
Beijing
for
twenty
years.
I
have
worked
for
this
school
for
1
year.
8）
表示一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情
I
have
never
had
a
bath.
I
have
never
seen
a
film.
I
have
never
been
to
cinema.
I
have
ever
been
to
Paris.
Have
been
to表示去过，have
gone
to
表示去了
I
have
been
to
London.（人已经回来）
He
has
gone
to
London.（人还在那里）
11）
表示一种结果，
一般不和时间副词联用
I
have
lost
my
pen.
I
have
hurt
myself.
He
has
become
a
teacher.
She
has
broken
my
heart.
句型变化：
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.
e.g.
Have
you
lost
your
pen?
I
have
not
lost
my
pen.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,I
have.
No,I
have
not.
★特殊疑问句：
What
have
you
done?
What
has
he
done?
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：
凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时
注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用
错：I’ve
left
Beijing
for
3
days.
对：I
left
Beijing
3
days
ago.
I
have
been
away
for
3
days.
5.
一般将来时
表示将来将要发生的动作，
经常和tomorrow,next
year,the
day
after
tomorrow,the
year
after
the
next,in
five
hours’
time,etc.
表示将来的词联用
结构：
主语+助动词will+动词原形
I
will
go
to
America
tomorrow.
The
pilot
will
fly
to
Japan
the
month
after
the
next.
Jack
will
move
into
his
new
house
tomorrow
morning.
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首
Will
you
go
to
America
tomorrow?
Will
the
pilot
fly
to
Japan
the
month
after
the
next?
Will
Jack
move
into
his
new
house
tomorrow
morning?
★变否定句在助动词后面加not
I
will
not
go
to
America
tomorrow.
The
pilot
will
not
fly
to
Japan
the
month
after
the
next.
Jack
will
not
move
into
his
new
house
tomorrow
morning
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,I
will.
No,I
will
not.
Yes,he/she
will.
No,he/she
will
not.
Yes,he
will.
No,he
will
not.
★特殊疑问句：
What
will
you
do?
6.
过去完成时：
用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。也就是过去的过去。结构：had+过去分词
After
she
had
finished
her
homework,she
went
shopping.
They
had
sold
the
car
before
I
asked
the
price.
The
train
had
left
before
I
arrived
at
the
station.
After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。
5
变疑问句将助动词移到句首
Had
she
finished
her
homework?
6
变否定句在助动词后面加not
She
hadn’t
finished
her
homework.
7
肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,she
had.
No,she
hadn’t.
8
特殊疑问句：
What
had
she
done?
7.
过去进行时：表示过去正在进行的动作，经常用在when,while,as引导的状语从句中。结构：was/were+doing
When
my
husband
was
going
into
the
dining
room
this
morning,he
dropped
some
coins
on
the
floor.
While
we
were
having
dinner,my
father
was
watching
TV.
8
过去将来时
结构：would
do
She
said
she
would
go
here
the
next
morning.
两个
特殊句型：there
be
句型，be
going
to
结构
1）
Be
going
to
结构
表示打算，准备，计划做某事
★结构：主语+be动词+going
to
+动词原型
I
am
going
to
make
a
bookcase.
They
are
going
to
paint
it.
The
father
is
going
to
give
the
bookcase
to
his
daughter.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Are
you
going
to
make
a
bookcase?
Are
they
going
to
paint
it?
Is
the
father
going
to
give
the
bookcase
to
his
daughter?
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
I
am
not
going
to
make
a
bookcase.
They
are
going
to
paint
it.
The
father
is
not
going
to
give
the
bookcase
to
his
daughter.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,I
am.
No,I
am
not.
Yes,they
are.
No,they
are
not.
Yes,he
is.
No,he
is
not.
★特殊疑问句
What
are
you
going
to
do?
What
are
they
going
to
do?
What
is
the
father
going
to
do?
（必背）
2）
There
be
句型
表示哪里有什么东西（某处有某物）
There
is＋单数名词＋表示场所的词（一般为介词词组）
There
is
a
book
in
this
room.
There
is
a
pen
on
the
table
There
are＋复数名词＋表示场所的词（一般为介词词组）
There
are
two
pens
on
the
table.
There
are
three
schools
there.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Is
there
a
book
in
this
room?
Are
there
two
pens
on
the
table?
★变否定句在动词后面加not
There
is
not
a
book
in
this
room.
There
are
not
two
pens
on
the
table.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,there
is.
No,there
is
not.
Yes,there
are.
No,there
are
not.
新概念英语第一册语法总结(九)
9
问句：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句，选择疑问句，否定疑问句
1）
一般疑问句：
助动词/be动词+主语
Are
you
a
teacher?
Do
you
want
to
have
a
cup
of
tea?
2）
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
What
is
your
name?
3）
选择疑问句：
or
Do
you
want
beef
or
lamb?
4）
反意疑问句：
肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分，
否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分
You
don’t
need
that
pen,do
you?
5）
否定疑问句：
一般疑问句+否定词
Aren’t
you
lucky?
Don’t
you
want
to
have
a
rest?
新概念英语第一册语法总结(十)
限定词：some,any,many,much
·some,any
修饰可数名词或不可数名词，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句，注意，当期待对方的答案为肯定回答时用some
·
many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，在口语中表示很多一般不用many,much,而用a
lot
of,在否定句中表示很多用many,much.
I
have
a
lot
of
money.
I
don’t
have
much
money.
新概念英语第一册语法总结(十一)
11
名词：种类，复数，名词所有格
·名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
1）不可数名词
无法分开的东西：water,tea,bread,milk,rice（米）
抽象的东西：love,beauty,coldness（寒冷）
不可数名词有以下特点：
·不能用a,an修饰
·不能加s
·和单数be动词或动词搭配
2）可数名词：
单数可数名词要用冠词修饰，复数可数名词要在名词后面加s,名词复数共有以下几种变化：
规则变化的名词复数形式
规则1
一般情况+s
e.g.
shell→shells
book→books
规则2
以s,x,ch,sh结尾+es
e.g.
fox→foxes
church→churches,bus→buses,watch→watches
规则3
以o结尾+s或+es
e.g.
potato→potatoes,Negro→Negroes,hero→heroes,tomato→tomatoes，（口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿），剩下一般加s,radio→radios
规则4
以f,fe结尾的，变f,fe为ves
e.g.
life→lives
half→halves,shelf→shelves,city→cities,wife→wives
规则5
以辅音字母+y结尾，
变y为i+es
e.g.
sky→skies
fly→flies
3）不规则变化的名词复数形式
man（men）
woman（women）
foot（feet）
goose（geese）
tooth（teeth）0
child（children）
sheep（sheep）
deer（deer）
mouse（mice）
fish（fish）
新概念英语第一册语法总结(十二)
12
副词：用法及形容词变副词的变化
·副词可以修饰形容词，动词，副词或整个句子。如：
The
book
is
very
good.
He
runs
fast.
She
came
here
quite
early.
Certainly
I
will
go
with
you.
副词变化形式：
·直接在形容词后加-ly,careful-carefully,slow-slowly,·以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，把y变I,加-ly,happy-happily,lucky-luckily
·有些词形容词和副词的形式相同，不需要做任何变化
fast,hard,late
·有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远：
neary-nearly,high-highly,late-lately
新概念英语第一册语法总结(十三)
13
情态动词的使用：can,must,may,might,need,1）情态动词can（能够），
must（必须），
may（可以）
结构：主语+can/must/may+动词原型
He
can
make
the
tea.
Sally
can
air
the
room.
We
can
speak
English.
★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首
Can
he
make
the
tea?
Can
Sally
air
the
room?
Can
we
speak
English?
★变否定句在情态动词后面加not
He
cannot
make
the
tea.
Sally
cannot
air
the
room.
We
cannot
speak
English.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,he
can.
No,he
cannot.
Yes,she
can.
No,she
cannot.
Yes,we
can.
No,we
cannot.
★特殊疑问句：
What
can
you
do?
（必背）
注意：情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化，不要在情态动词或动词后面加S。
2）Must/have
to的区别
must
表示必须，是主观上觉得应该做，have
to是不得不，是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做
must
只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里，而have
to
do可以用在任何时态
3）must,may,might表示猜测：
·
must
do
表示对现在事实的猜测
·must
have
done表示对过去事实的猜测
·must
have
been
doing
表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测
·may/might
do,may/might
have
done表示没有任何事实依据的猜测，might的可能性更小。
5·can’t/couldn’t
表示不可能
新概念英语第一册语法总结(十四)
14
need
用法：
·表示“需要”时为实意动词，后面可以加名词，也可以加不定式：
I
need
a
pen.
Do
you
need
any
beer?
No,I
don’t.
I
need
to
have
a
rest.
·Need
doing=need
to
be
done，表示被动
The
flowers
need
watering.
·Need在否定时做情态动词使用
You
needn’t
go
so
early.
=You
don’t
need
to
go
so
early.
Must
I
clean
the
desk
right
now?
No,you
needn’t.
新概念英语第一册语法总结(十五)
15
不定代词及不定副词：
·Some
any
no
every
·thing
something
anything
nothing
everything
·one
someone
anyone
anything
everyone
·where
somewhere
anywhere
anywhere
everywhere
·body
somebody
anybody
nobody
everybody
1）I
looked
for
my
book
everywhere,but
I
can’t
find
it
anywhere.
2）If
you
want
go
somewhere,if
you
want
to
be
someone,you
must
wake
up.
3）Help!
Somebody?
Anybody?
4）You
are
really
something.
5）Since
everybody
is
here,let’s
begin
our
class.
6）Where
did
you
go?
I
went
nowhere.
7）Nobody
is
at
home.
8）I
have
nothing
left.
13
本语法由kayee
Lee编辑，版权所有，侵权必究