高中英语语法总结大全之主谓一致 本文关键词:主谓,英语语法,高中,大全
高中英语语法总结大全之主谓一致 本文简介:本资料来源于大家网高考英语论坛http://club.topsage.com/forum-136-1.html高中英语语法总结大全之主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上高考资源网要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3)就近原则,即
高中英语语法总结大全之主谓一致 本文内容:
本资料来源于大家网高考英语论坛http://club.topsage.com/forum-136-1.html
高中英语语法总结大全之主谓一致
主谓一致
主谓一致是指:
1)
语法形式上高考资源网要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2)
意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3)
就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
There
is
much
water
in
the
thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten
thousand
tons
of
coal
were
produced
last
year.
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并列结构作主语谓语用复数
Reading
and
writing
are
very
important.
注意:
当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and
此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The
iron
and
steel
industry
is
very
important
to
our
life.
典型例题
The
League
secretary
and
monitor
___
asked
to
make
a
speech
at
the
meeting.
A.
isB.
wasC.
areD.
were
答案B.
注:
先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C.。本题易误选D,因为The
League
secretary
and
monitor
好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,
monitor
前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and
相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
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主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there
be
句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There
is
a
pen,a
knife
and
several
books
on
the
desk
There
are
twenty
boy-students
and
twenty-three
girl-students
in
the
class.
2)当either…
or…
与neither…
nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如果句子是由here,there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either
you
or
she
is
to
go.
Here
is
a
pen,a
few
envelops
and
some
paper
for
you.
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谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with,together
with,like,except,but,no
less
than,as
well
as
等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The
teacher
together
with
some
students
is
visiting
the
factory.
He
as
well
as
I
wants
to
go
boating.
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谓语需用单数
1)
代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。
Each
of
us
has
a
tape-recorder.
There
is
something
wrong
with
my
watch.
2)
当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。
The
Arabian
Night
is
a
book
known
to
lovers
of
English.
>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3)
表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语
时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可,意思不变。)
Three
weeks
was
allowed
for
making
the
necessary
preparations.
Ten
yuan
is
enough.
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指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1)
在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All
is
right.(一切顺利。)
All
are
present.(所有人都到齐了。)
2)
集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。
His
family
isn
t
very
large.他家不是一个大家庭。
His
family
are
music
lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are
there
any
police
around?
3)有些名词,如variety,number,population,proportion,majority
等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。
A
number
of
+名词复数+复数动词。
The
number
of
+名词复数+单数动词。
A
number
of
books
have
lent
out.
The
majority
of
the
students
like
English.
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与后接名词或代词保持一致
1)
用half
of,part
of,most
of,a
portion
of
等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致。
Most
of
his
money
is
spent
on
books.
Most
of
the
students
are
taking
an
active
part
in
sports.
2)
在一些短语,如
many
a
或
more
than
one
所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more
than…
of
作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many
a
person
has
read
the
novel.许多人都读过这本书。
More
than
60
percent
of
the
students
are
from
the
city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市
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