初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文关键词:时态,归纳,八种,表格,初中英语
初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文简介:初中英语八种时态归纳时态意义时间状语结构及变化一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),Onceaweek,OnSundays①be动词:肯定:主语+be(am/is/ar
初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文内容:
初中英语八种时态归纳
时态
意义
时间状语
结构及变化
一
般
现
在
时
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
always,usually,often,sometimes,every
week
(day,year,month…),Once
a
week,On
Sundays
①be动词:
肯定:主语+
be(am/
is
/are
)+
其他
否定:主语+
am/is/are
+
not
+
其他
问:Be
(am/
is
are
)+
主语
+
其他?
答:Yes
…be
./
No,…be
not
.
特殊:Wh…
+
Be
的疑问句?
②行为动词:
肯定:主语+
do(does)
+
其他
否定:主语
+
don
t
/
doesn’t
+
动原
问句:Do
/Does
+
主语
+
动原?
答:Yes…do/does
./
No,…
don’tdoesn’t.
特殊:Wh…
+
do
/does
的疑问句?
一
般
过
去
时
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;
过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
ago,yesterday,long
long
ago,the
day
before
yesterday,last
week
(year,night,month…),in1989,just
now,at
the
age
of
5,one
day,once
upon
a
time,①be动词:
肯定:主语+
(was
/were)+
其他
否定:主语+
wasn’t/were
not
+
其他
问:Was/Were
+
主语
+
其他?
答:Yes
…be
./
No,…be
not
.
特殊:Wh…
+
was/
were的疑问句?
②行为动词:
肯定:主语+
动词过去式
+
其他
否定:主语
+
did
+
动原
问句:Did
+
主语
+
动原?
答:Yes…did.
/
No,…
didn’t.
特殊:Wh…
+did的疑问句?
一
般
将
来
时
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
tomorrow,by…,next
day
(week,month,year…),soon,in
a
few
minutes,the
day
after
tomorrow
基本结构
be
going
to
+
动原
肯定:主语+am/is/are/going
to
+
do;
否:主语+
am
/is
/are
+
not
going
to
do
问:Be
+
主语
+going
to
do……?
答:Yes
…be
./
No,…be
not
特殊:Wh…+
Be主语
going
to
do的疑问句?
will/shall
+do
.
肯定:主语+will
/shall
+
动词原形
否定:主语+will
not
(won’t)
+
动词原形
问句:
Will
/Shall主语+
动词原形
?
答句:Yes
…will
.
/
No,…won’t
.
特殊:Wh…
+will的疑问句?
现在
进行时
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
now,look,listen
at
this
time,these
days,基本结构:
肯定:主语am/is/are
+doing
否定:主语am/is/are+
not
+
doing.
问:
am/is/are主语
+doing
?
答:Yes
…be
./
No,…be
not
特殊:Wh…+
Be主语
+
疑问句?
过去
进行时
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作
At
this
time
yesterday,at
that
time
,
或when引导的一般过去时的时间状语
基本结构:
肯定:主语was
/were
+doing
否定:主语was
/were
not
+
doing.
问:Was
/Were主语
+doing
?
答:Yes
…was/
were
./
No,…was
/were
not
特殊:Wh…+
Be主语
+
疑问句?
现在完成时
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,
或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
recently,lately,since+
时间点
for+
时间段。
=(since
+
时间点ago)
in
the
past
few
years,基本结构:
肯定:主语+
have/has+
done(动词的过去分词)
否定:主语have/has+
not+
done.
(动词的过去分词)
问句:主语+have/
has
+
done(动词的过去分词)?
答:Yes
…have
/has
./
No,…have/has
not
.
特殊:Wh…+
have/has主语
+
疑问句?
注意:当与一段时间连用时,动词要改为延续性动词。
have
bought
=have
been
had
have
borrow
=
have
kept
have
died
=
have
been
dead
…………
have
been
to
:
have
gone
to
:
have
been
in
:
过去完成时
以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”
before,by
the
end
of
last
year
(term,month…);
过去时态的从句
基本结构:
肯定:主语+
had
+
done(动词的过去分词)
否定:主语had
not+
done.(动词的过去分词)
问句:主语+
had
+
done(动词的过去分词)?
答:Yes
…had./
No,…had
not
.
特殊:Wh…+had
主语
+
疑问句?
过去将来时
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中
The
next
day
(morning,year…),the
following
month
(week…)
基本结构:
肯定:主语+
was/were
going
to
+
do;
否:主语+
was/were+
not
going
to
do
问:Be
+
主语
+going
to
do……?
答:Yes
…be
./
No,…be
not
特殊:Wh…+
Be主语
going
to
do的疑问句?
②would
+do
.
肯定:主语+
would
+
动词原形
否定:主语+
would
not
(wouldn’t)
+
动词原形
问句:Would
主语+
动词原形
?
答句:Yes
…would.
/
No,…wouldn’t
.
特殊:Wh…
+would
的疑问句?
3
篇2:英语时态语态总结表
英语时态语态总结表 本文关键词:语态,时态,英语
英语时态语态总结表 本文简介:英语时态语态总结表时态名称主动语态被动语态一般现在时肯定句主+V/V三单+其他./主+V系+表语.主+am/is/are+V.p.p+其他.否定句主+don’t/doesn’t+V+其他./主+am/is/are+not+其他.主+am/is/are+not+V.p.p+其他.一般疑问Do/Does
英语时态语态总结表 本文内容:
英语时态语态总结表
时态名称
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
肯定句
主+V/V三单+其他.
/
主+V系+表语.
主+am/is/are+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+don’t/doesn’t+V+其他.
/主+am/is/are+not+其他.
主+am/is/are+not+
V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Do/Does+主+V+其他?/
V系+主+表语?
Am/Is/Are+主+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+do/does.
/No,主+don’t/doesn’t.
Yes,主+am/is/are.
/No,主+am/is/are+not.
Yes,主+am/is/are.
/No,主+am/is/are+not.
一般过去时
肯定句
主+V-ed
+其他.
主+was/were+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+didn’t+V+其他.
主+wasn’t/weren’t+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Did+主+V+其他?
Was/Were+主+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+did.
/No,主+didn’t.
Yes,主+was/were.
/No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.
现在进行时
肯定句
主+am/is/are+V-ing+其他.
主+am/is/are+being+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+am/is/are+not+V-ing+其他.
主+am/is/are+not+being+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Am/Is/Are+主+V-ing+其他?
Am/Is/Are+主+
being+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+am/is/are.
/No,主+am/is/are+not.
Yes,主+am/is/are.
/No,主+am/is/are+not.
过去进行时
肯定句
主+was/were+V-ing+其他.
主+was/were+being+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+wasn’t/weren’t+V-ing+其他.
主+wasn’t/weren’t+being+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Was/Were+主+V-ing+其他?
Was/Were+主+
being+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+was/were.
/No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.
Yes,主+was/were.
/No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.
现在完成时
肯定句
主+have/has+V.p.p+其他.
主+have/has+been+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+haven’t/hasn’t+V.p.p+其他.
主+haven’t/hasn’t+been+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Have/Has+主+V.p.p+其他?
Have/Has+主+been+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+have/has.
/No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.
Yes,主+have/has.
/No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.
过去完成时
肯定句
主+had+V.p.p+其他.
主+had+been+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+
hadn’t+V.p.p+其他.
主+
hadn’t+been+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Had+主+V.p.p+其他?
Had+主+been+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+had.
/No,主+hadn’t.
Yes,主+had.
/No,主+hadn’t.
一般将来时
肯定句
主+will+V+其他.
主+will+be+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+won’t+V+其他.
主+won’t+be+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Will+主+V+其他?
/Shall+we+V+其他?
Will+主+be+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+will.
/No,主+won’t.
Yes,主+will.
/No,主+won’t.
过去将来时
肯定句
主+would/should+V+其他.
主+would/should+be+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t+V+其他.
主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t+be+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
Would/Should+主+V+其他?
Would/Should+主+be+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+would/should.
/No,主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t.
Yes,主+would/should.
/No,主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t.
情态动词
肯定句
主+情态动词+V+其他.
主+情态动词+be+V.p.p+其他.
否定句
主+情态动词+not+V+其他.
主+情态动词+not+be+V.p.p+其他.
一般疑问
情态动词+主+V+其他?
情态动词+主+be+V.p.p+其他?
简单回答
Yes,主+情态动词.
/No,主+情态动词+not.
Yes,主+情态动词.
/No,主+情态动词+not.
Ⅰ.
英语八种时态归纳复习
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。
一、一般现在时:
概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:
always,usually,often,sometimes,every
week
(day,year,month…),once
a
week,on
Sundays,etc.
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don
t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn
t,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:ago,yesterday,the
day
before
yesterday,last
week(year,night,month…),in
1989,just
now,at
the
age
of
5,one
day,long
long
ago,once
upon
a
time,etc.
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn
t,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did
提问,同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时:
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:now,at
this
time,these
days,etc.
基本结构:am/is/are+doing
否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时:
概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语:at
this
time
yesterday,at
that
time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构:was/were+doing
否定形式:was/were
+
not
+
doing.
一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时:
概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:recently,lately,since…for…,in
the
past
few
years,etc.
基本结构:have/has
+
done
否定形式:have/has
+
not
+d
one.
一般疑问句:have或has。
六、过去完成时:
概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
时间状语:before,by
the
end
of
last
year(term,month…),etc.
基本结构:had
+
done.
否定形式:had
+
not
+
done.
一般疑问句:had放于句首。
七、一般将来时:
概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语:tomorrow,next
day(week,month,year…),soon,in
a
few
minutes,by…,the
day
after
tomorrow,etc.
基本结构:①am/is/are/going
to
+
do;②will/shall
+
do.
否定形式:①was/were
+
not;
②在行为动词前加didn
t,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时:
概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:the
next
day(morning,year…),the
following
month(week…),etc.
基本结构:①was/were/going
to
+
do;②would/should
+
do.
否定形式:①was/were/not
+
going
to
+
do;②would/should
+
not
+
do.
一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should
提到句首。
Ⅱ.
几种常见时态的相互转换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:
一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间
+
ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It
is
+
一段时间
+
since
+
一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it
is来代替It
has
been;④瞬间动词用于“Some
time
has
passed
since
+
一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
A.
He
joined
the
League
two
years
ago.
B.
He
has
been
in
the
League
for
two
years.
C.
It
is
two
years
since
he
joined
the
League.
D.
Two
years
has
passed
since
he
joined
the
League.
二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at
work(在工作),at
school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
Peter
is
at
work,but
Mike
is
at
play.
Peter
is
working,but
Mike
is
playing.
三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I
am
coming,Mum!
意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
The
train
is
leaving
soon.
The
train
will
leave
soon.
四、“be
going
to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
“be
going
to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:
We
are
going
to
visit
the
Great
Wall
next
Sunday.
We
shall
visit
the
Great
Wall
next
Sunday
9
篇3:高中十种时态总结及习题
高中十种时态总结及习题 本文关键词:时态,习题,十种,高中
高中十种时态总结及习题 本文简介:*1.一般过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would+动词原形”或“was/weregoingto+动词原形”来表达。基本构成:A)would+动词原形【此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。】HeaskedmeifIw
高中十种时态总结及习题 本文内容:
*1.一般过去将来时
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would
+
动词原形”或“was
/
were
going
to
+
动词原形”来表达。
基本构成:
A
)
would
+
动词原形【此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。】He
asked
me
if
I
would
stay
here.
他问我是否要待在这儿。
B
)
was
/
were
going
to
+
动词原形【和一般将来时一样,也可用相应的其他形式表
示。】No
one
knew
when
he
was
going
to
finish
his
homework.
没有人知道他什么时
候会完成作业。
C
)
was/
were
(
about
)
to
+
动词原形【常见于come,go等瞬间动词。】He
said
that
they
were
to
leave
at
six.
他说他们将于6点动身。
D)
come,go,arrive,leave,die
等瞬时动词,用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。She
told
us
that
she
was
leaving
for
Yunnan.
她告诉我们她将要去云南。
练习:
(
)1.
---
What
did
he
tell
you
just
now?
---
He
said
that
____________
tomorrow
morning.
A.
he
will
buy
some
new
clothes
B.
will
he
buy
some
new
clothes
C.
he
would
buy
some
new
clothes
D.
would
he
buy
some
new
clothes
(
)2.
Ken
was
so
busy
when
we
saw
him,because
he
_______
a
speech
the
next
day.
A.
will
make
B.
would
make
C.
has
made
D.
was
making
(
)3.
If
I
had
enough
money,I
________
a
big
house
for
my
father.
A.
will
buy
B.
would
buy
C.
have
bought
D.
am
buying
2.过去将来进行时
过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作。它常和表过去将来的时间状语连用,但上下文清楚时,时间状语亦可省略。
■过去将来进行时有一个特点,就常用在宾语从句(尤其是间接引语)中。I
thought
you’d
be
sleeping.
我以为你在睡觉哩。
■过去将来进行时有时也可用在其他从句中。The
new
name
he
would
be
using
was
Jack
Jones.
他将用的新名是杰克?琼斯。He
would
pay
the
rest
as
he
would
be
leaving
France.
其余款项,他将在离开
法国时付清。
■过去将来进行时也可用在独立句中。Jack
said
he
had
found
a
job.
He
would
be
working
as
a
bartender
in
Detroit.
杰克说他找到了工作。他将在底特律做酒吧间伙计。I
was
excited.
Next
Wednesday
we
would
be
flying
to
Sydney.
我很兴奋。下星
期三我们就会飞往悉尼了。
■注意:过去将来进行时都没有被动语态。
3.过去将来完成时
过去将来完成时表示从过去观点看将来某时某动作会业已完成。这种时态用的较少,通常只见于转述方面。I
thought
she
would
have
told
you
something
by
then.我想届时她已经
告诉你一些情况。
构成
过去将来完成时是由would/should
+
have
+
v-ed构成,其否定形式是would/should
+not+
have
+
v-ed;疑问形式是将should/would提前。She
said
she
would
have
finished
her
exams
by
then.她说那时她会已经
考完试了。He
said
he
would
have
paid
me
back
the
money
by
the
end
of
the
week.他说将在
周末前还我钱。We
told
him
that
we
should
have
returned
to
the
camp
by
four
o
clock.我们告诉
他我们将于四点前回营地。I
hoped
she
would
have
finished
the
work
before
I
got
back.我希望她在我回来之
前做完那活儿。
4.过去将来完成进行时
表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间,过去将来完成进行时是由should/would
have
been
+
v-ing构成;否定形式should/would+not
have
been
+
v-ing;疑问形式是将should/would提前。She
said
that
by
the
end
of
the
year
she
would
have
been
studying
here
for
three
years.她说到
今年年底他将在这里学习三年了。*5.过去完成时
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by,before等构成的短语,也可用when,before等引导的从句或通过上下代表示。His
eyes
shone
brightly
when
he
finally
received
the
magazine
he
had
long
expected.
当她终于收到她盼望已久的杂志时,她兴奋得两眼闪光。By
the
time
he
was
twelve,Edison
had
begun
to
make
a
living
by
himself.12岁
时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生。
构成:过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。We
had
learnt
30
lessons
by
the
end
of
last
month.到上个月末为止,我们已经学了
30课。He
said
we
hadn’t
seen
each
other
since
I
left
Beijing.自从我离开北京,我们还
没见过面。
过去完成时的用法
过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样。不同的是,过去完成时把时间推移到了过去某一时间之前,与现在无关。
(1)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间状语有by,before等介词短语或when,before等引导的从句。
(2)表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始,一直延续到过去的这一时间,而且还可能继续下去的动作,常和for,since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。By
the
time
I
left
the
school,he
had
taught
the
class
for
3
years.到我毕业时,
他已经教那个班三年了。
(3)用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句或as
if从句中表示与过去事实相反If
he
had
seen
you
yesterday,he
would
have
asked
you
about
it.假如他昨天看到你,
他就会问你这件事了。
(4)表示假设的宾语从句
放在像said,told,asked,thought,wondered等过去时动词的后面,表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。My
friend
told
me
that
he
had
passed
the
exam.我的朋友告诉我,他已通过了考试。
(5)用在
“It
was
the
first/second/third…time
that…”句型中
在此句型中,主句用了一般过去时,that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。This
was
the
first
time
they
had
met
in
thirty-nine
years.
这是39年里他们第
一次见面。
(6)intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可
以表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事,这种结构也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意
图或希望等,含有某种惋惜。We
had
meant
to
tell
her
the
news
but
found
that
she
wasn’t
in.我们本想把这
个消息告诉她的,但发现她不在家。
(7)过去完成时常用结构有“hardly,scarcely,barely
…
when,no
sooner…
than等
副词的句子里。She
hardly
had
gone
to
bed
when
the
bell
rang.他刚睡下铃就响了。
(8)当before,after,as
soon
as
等引导的从句里的动作与主句的动作紧接时,由于
这些连词本身已经说明了两个动作发生的先后关系,因此两个动作均可用一般过去时
表示。We
had
breakfast
after
we
did
morning
exercises.做完早操之后,我们吃早饭。
练习:
1.I
lost
the
dictionary
I
________.
A.have
bought
B.bought
C.had
bought
D.had
been
bought
2.
The
train
had
gone
when
my
brother
_______
at
the
station.
A.have
arrived
B.arrived
C.had
arrived
D.am
arriving
3.
Mary
_______
of
visiting
her
grandmother,but
the
bad
weathermade
her
change
her
mind.
A.has
thought
B.thought
C.had
thought
D.had
been
thought
4.
------Did
you
meet
Tom
at
the
airport?
------No,he
_______
by
the
time
I______
there.
A.has
left;got
B.had
left;arrived
C.left;arrived
D.left;had
got
5.
-------Why
didn’t
Tom
attend
the
meeting
yesterday?
-------He
__________
Beijing.
A.has
gone
to
B.had
gone
to
C.went
to
D.had
been
to
6.
-------I
_______
to
come
to
help
you.
------But
you
didn’t
come.
A.have
meant
B.had
meant
C.meant
D.will
mean
7.
Finally
one
of
my
friends
_______
by
Beijing
University,for
which
she
___
five
time
A.were
admitted;
had
tried
B.was
admitted;
had
tried
C.were
admitted;
has
tried
D.was
admitted;
tried
8.------I
have
bought
you
the
books
you
want.
------Oh,good,I
_______
afraid
you
had
forgotten.
A.was
B.am
C.had
been
D.have
been
9.
We
_________
four
thousand
new
words
by
the
end
of
last
year.
A.had
learned
B.have
learned
C.learned
D.will
have
learned
10.
---What
do
you
think
of
my
suggestion?
---
Sorry.
What’s
that?I
_____
about
something
else.
A.
was
thinking
B.
thought
C.
am
thinking
D.
had
thought
6.过去完成进行时
过去完成进行时主要表示过去某一时间以前一直在进行的动作。He
had
been
studying
English
before
entering
the
college.他在上大学之前一直在学英语。
构成:
过去完成进行时由“助动词had+
been+
v-ing”构成;否定形式had+not+
been+
v-ing;疑问形式是将had提前。He
had
been
telling
you
this.他多次跟你说这件事。
用法:
(1)过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去这一时间。这一动作
可能己经停止也可能还在进行。She
told
me
that
she
had
been
studying
French
for
5
years.她告诉我她己经学习法语5年
了。(仍继续)She
told
me
that
she
had
been
waiting
for
me
for
an
hour.她告诉我她己经等我一个钟头了。
(不再继续)
(2)表示反复的动作、企图、情绪、最近的情况You
had
been
giving
me
everything.你对我真是有求必应。(感激)I
had
been
studying
the
meaning
of
the
poem.我一直在研究这首诗。(我还没懂)
7.
现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作,这个动作可能仍在进行,也可能停止了。I
am
tired.
I
have
been
painting
the
living
room
all
day.我很累。我刷了一整天房子。
构成:
现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has
+been+
v-ing”构成;否定形式have/has
+not+been+
v-ing;疑问形式是将have/has提前。I
have
been
telling
him
to
study
hard.我一直告诉他学习要更加刻苦才是。
用法:
(1)
表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话时候刚结束。I
have
been
waiting
you
for
about
one
hour.我等你大约一个小时了。(说话时“等“的动作刚结束)
(2)
表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行,并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。They
have
been
living
here
for
10
years.
他们住在这里十年了。
(3)
表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果(相当于现在完成时)She
has
been
doing
too
much
work.他做的工作太多了。(Now
he
is
tired
out.)
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较
(1)
现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成,或者在过去曾经发生过的动作;现在完成进行时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。Ihave
written
an
article.我写了一篇代章。(已完成)I
have
been
writing
an
article.我一直在写一篇代章。(还在写)
(2)
现在完成时表示刚刚结束时,强调动作的结果,现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以
前持续进行的情景,并带有情感色彩。
Now
we
have
cleaned
the
room;
we
can
move
the
things
in
.现在房子打扫好了,我们可
以往里搬东西了。(强调打扫完了的结果)—You
look
so
tired.
What
have
you
been
doing?你看起来很累,你干什么了?
—I
ve
been
playing
football.我踢足球了。(强调不久前踢球的情景)
练习:
1.
—
I’m
sure
Andrew
will
win
the
first
prize
in
the
final.
—
I
think
so.
He
________
for
it
for
months.
A.
is
preparing
B.
was
preparing
C.
had
been
preparing
D.
has
been
preparing
2.
By
the
time
he
realizes
he
_________
into
a
trap,it’ll
be
too
late
for
him
to
do
anything
about
it.
A.
walks
B.
walked
C.
has
walked
D.
had
walked
3.
Danny
_________
hard
for
long
to
realize
his
dream
and
now
he
is
popular.
A.
works
B.
is
working
C.
has
worked
D.
had
worked
4.—I
have
got
a
headache.
—No
wonder.
You_________
in
front
of
that
computer
too
long.
A.
work
B.
are
working
C.
have
been
working
D.
worked
5.Now
that
she
is
out
of
job,Lucy
___
going
back
to
school,but
she
hasn’t
decided
yet.
A.
had
considered
B.
has
been
considering
C.
considered
D.
is
going
to
consider8.将来进行时
将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作或某段时间持续的动作。它主要表示按计
划、安排将来某时将要进行或发生的动作。What
will
you
be
doing
at
eight
o
clock
this
evening?今天晚上8点你干什么?
构成:
将来进行时由“助动词shall/will+be+v-ing”构成I
ll
be
visiting
professor
Li
at
2
this
afternoon.今天下午2点我将拜访李教授。
用法:
(1)表示将来某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作,常与this
time
tomorrow,at
4
o’clock
tomorrow
afternoon等时间状语连用。At
this
time
tomorrow
we’ll
be
flying
over
the
Atlantic.
明天此时我们正在飞越大西洋的上
空。
(2)
代替一般将来时表示一种已经决定或肯定的动作或情况,或表示某动作将在按计划发
生而未完成。We
shall
be
having
a
meeting
in
a
minute.我们一会儿就要开会。
(3)用将来进行时来询问别人的计划、打算,比用一般将来时更礼貌,也可以表示较缓和的命令或碰巧发生的事。Will
you
be
having
supper
with
us
this
evening?你今天晚上能和我们一起吃晚饭好吗?
(4)用于表示将来的动作迟于所安排的另一次动作He
is
going
to
take
a
stroll
in
the
park
and
then
he
will
be
watering
the
flowers.他打算到公园
去散步,然后浇花。
(5)
将来进行时与一般将来时的区别
一般将来时既可以表示“将来”,也可以表示“意志、意图”;而将来进行时则表示纯粹的将来,指说话者无意图的动作。He
won’t
cut
the
grass.他拒绝割草。(有意图)He
won’t
be
cutting
the
grass.他将不割草。(无意图,仅陈述一个事实)
练习:
1.
There
__________
a
meeting
tomorrow
afternoon.
A.will
be
going
to
B.
will
going
to
be
C.
is
going
to
be
D.
will
go
to
be
2.
Charlie
________
here
next
month.
A.
isn’t
working
B.
doesn’t
working
C.
isn’t
going
to
working
D.
won’t
work
3.
Joe____the
piano
in
a
few
minutes.
A
shall
be
played
B
will
have
been
playing
C
shall
be
playing
D
will
have
played
4.
I
____
my
grandmother
at
three
this
afternoon.
A
shall
be
visiting
B
shall
have
visited
C
shall
be
visiting
D
will
visit
5.
“Can
you
attend
the
party
tonight?”
“No,_____
the
boss
about
something
urgent.”
A
I
see
BI
shall
have
seen
CI’ll
be
seeing
D
I
can
see
9.
将来完成时
将来完成时表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作。On
the
first
of
next
month
I
shall
have
studied
in
this
school
for
five
years.下月一日,我在这
个学校学习就满5年了。
构成:
将来完成时由“shall
/will
+have
+v-ed”构成;
否定形式“shall
/will
+not
+have
+v-ed”
构成。By
the
time
class
is
over,we
shall
have
finished
lesson
40.下课前我们要完成第40课。
用法:
(1)
将来完成时表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作,通常与before或by连用。Before
long,he
will
have
forgottenall
about
it.不久他就会全忘记的。
(2)
表示持续到将来某一时间的动作或状态,这动作或状态也可能将继续进行下去。When
they
move
here
next
month,we
ll
have
livedin
the
city
for
5
years.下月他们搬到这里
时,我们已住在该市五年了。
(3)
表示对现在或将来可能完成动作的推测She
will
have
arrived
by
now.她这是可能已经到了。
练习:
1.
By
the
end
of
this
year,I
____enough
money
for
a
holiday.
A
will
save
B
will
be
saving
C
will
have
saved
D
have
saved
2.
I
have
been
studying
here
for
four
years,by
next
summer.
A
shall
graduate
B
shall
be
graduated
C
shall
be
graduating
D
shall
have
graduated
10.
将来完成进行时
将来完成进行时表示将来某事、某时之前已发生的动作。It
will
have
been
snowing
for
a
whole
week
if
it
snows
again
tomorrow.如果明天还下雪的
话,雪就要整整下一个星期。
构成:
是由shall/will
have
been+
v-ing
构成。否定形式shall/will
not
have
been+
v-ing;疑问形式是
将shall/will提前。They
will
have
been
having
a
holiday
next
week.他们下周大概在度假。
用法:
(1)一般将来完成进行时表示将来某事、某时之前已发生的动作,一直延续到将来某一时
间,是否继续下去要视上下代而定,常与表示将来某一时间状语连用。By
the
time
the
sun
sets,they
will
have
been
working
on
the
farm
for
six
hours.太阳落山时他
们在农场上干活将有6个小时了。
(2将来完成进行时也可表示推测,含有“我预料、大概”的意思。这种用法的will应看作
情态动词。It
is
early
spring.
Birds
will
have
been
flying
back.现在时早春了,鸟儿该飞回来了