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初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版

日期:2021-02-25  类别:最新范文  编辑:一流范文网  【下载本文Word版

初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文关键词:时态,归纳,八种,表格,初中英语

初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文简介:初中英语八种时态归纳时态意义时间状语结构及变化一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),Onceaweek,OnSundays①be动词:肯定:主语+be(am/is/ar

初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文内容:

初中英语八种时态归纳

时态

意义

时间状语

结构及变化

经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

always,usually,often,sometimes,every

week

(day,year,month…),Once

a

week,On

Sundays

①be动词:

肯定:主语+

be(am/

is

/are

)+

其他

否定:主语+

am/is/are

+

not

+

其他

问:Be

(am/

is

are

)+

主语

+

其他?

答:Yes

…be

./

No,…be

not

.

特殊:Wh…

+

Be

的疑问句?

②行为动词:

肯定:主语+

do(does)

+

其他

否定:主语

+

don

t

/

doesn’t

+

动原

问句:Do

/Does

+

主语

+

动原?

答:Yes…do/does

./

No,…

don’tdoesn’t.

特殊:Wh…

+

do

/does

的疑问句?

过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;

过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

ago,yesterday,long

long

ago,the

day

before

yesterday,last

week

(year,night,month…),in1989,just

now,at

the

age

of

5,one

day,once

upon

a

time,①be动词:

肯定:主语+

(was

/were)+

其他

否定:主语+

wasn’t/were

not

+

其他

问:Was/Were

+

主语

+

其他?

答:Yes

…be

./

No,…be

not

.

特殊:Wh…

+

was/

were的疑问句?

②行为动词:

肯定:主语+

动词过去式

+

其他

否定:主语

+

did

+

动原

问句:Did

+

主语

+

动原?

答:Yes…did.

/

No,…

didn’t.

特殊:Wh…

+did的疑问句?

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

tomorrow,by…,next

day

(week,month,year…),soon,in

a

few

minutes,the

day

after

tomorrow

基本结构

be

going

to

+

动原

肯定:主语+am/is/are/going

to

+

do;

否:主语+

am

/is

/are

+

not

going

to

do

问:Be

+

主语

+going

to

do……?

答:Yes

…be

./

No,…be

not

特殊:Wh…+

Be主语

going

to

do的疑问句?

will/shall

+do

.

肯定:主语+will

/shall

+

动词原形

否定:主语+will

not

(won’t)

+

动词原形

问句:

Will

/Shall主语+

动词原形

?

答句:Yes

…will

.

/

No,…won’t

.

特殊:Wh…

+will的疑问句?

现在

进行时

表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

now,look,listen

at

this

time,these

days,基本结构:

肯定:主语am/is/are

+doing

否定:主语am/is/are+

not

+

doing.

问:

am/is/are主语

+doing

答:Yes

…be

./

No,…be

not

特殊:Wh…+

Be主语

+

疑问句?

过去

进行时

表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作

At

this

time

yesterday,at

that

time

或when引导的一般过去时的时间状语

基本结构:

肯定:主语was

/were

+doing

否定:主语was

/were

not

+

doing.

问:Was

/Were主语

+doing

答:Yes

…was/

were

./

No,…was

/were

not

特殊:Wh…+

Be主语

+

疑问句?

现在完成时

过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,

或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

recently,lately,since+

时间点

for+

时间段。

=(since

+

时间点ago)

in

the

past

few

years,基本结构:

肯定:主语+

have/has+

done(动词的过去分词)

否定:主语have/has+

not+

done.

(动词的过去分词)

问句:主语+have/

has

+

done(动词的过去分词)?

答:Yes

…have

/has

./

No,…have/has

not

.

特殊:Wh…+

have/has主语

+

疑问句?

注意:当与一段时间连用时,动词要改为延续性动词。

have

bought

=have

been

had

have

borrow

=

have

kept

have

died

=

have

been

dead

…………

have

been

to

:

have

gone

to

:

have

been

in

:

过去完成时

以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”

before,by

the

end

of

last

year

(term,month…);

过去时态的从句

基本结构:

肯定:主语+

had

+

done(动词的过去分词)

否定:主语had

not+

done.(动词的过去分词)

问句:主语+

had

+

done(动词的过去分词)?

答:Yes

…had./

No,…had

not

.

特殊:Wh…+had

主语

+

疑问句?

过去将来时

立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中

The

next

day

(morning,year…),the

following

month

(week…)

基本结构:

肯定:主语+

was/were

going

to

+

do;

否:主语+

was/were+

not

going

to

do

问:Be

+

主语

+going

to

do……?

答:Yes

…be

./

No,…be

not

特殊:Wh…+

Be主语

going

to

do的疑问句?

②would

+do

.

肯定:主语+

would

+

动词原形

否定:主语+

would

not

(wouldn’t)

+

动词原形

问句:Would

主语+

动词原形

?

答句:Yes

…would.

/

No,…wouldn’t

.

特殊:Wh…

+would

的疑问句?

3

篇2:英语时态语态总结表

英语时态语态总结表 本文关键词:语态,时态,英语

英语时态语态总结表 本文简介:英语时态语态总结表时态名称主动语态被动语态一般现在时肯定句主+V/V三单+其他./主+V系+表语.主+am/is/are+V.p.p+其他.否定句主+don’t/doesn’t+V+其他./主+am/is/are+not+其他.主+am/is/are+not+V.p.p+其他.一般疑问Do/Does

英语时态语态总结表 本文内容:

英语时态语态总结表

时态名称

主动语态

被动语态

一般现在时

肯定句

主+V/V三单+其他.

/

主+V系+表语.

主+am/is/are+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+don’t/doesn’t+V+其他.

/主+am/is/are+not+其他.

主+am/is/are+not+

V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Do/Does+主+V+其他?/

V系+主+表语?

Am/Is/Are+主+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+do/does.

/No,主+don’t/doesn’t.

Yes,主+am/is/are.

/No,主+am/is/are+not.

Yes,主+am/is/are.

/No,主+am/is/are+not.

一般过去时

肯定句

主+V-ed

+其他.

主+was/were+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+didn’t+V+其他.

主+wasn’t/weren’t+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Did+主+V+其他?

Was/Were+主+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+did.

/No,主+didn’t.

Yes,主+was/were.

/No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.

现在进行时

肯定句

主+am/is/are+V-ing+其他.

主+am/is/are+being+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+am/is/are+not+V-ing+其他.

主+am/is/are+not+being+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Am/Is/Are+主+V-ing+其他?

Am/Is/Are+主+

being+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+am/is/are.

/No,主+am/is/are+not.

Yes,主+am/is/are.

/No,主+am/is/are+not.

过去进行时

肯定句

主+was/were+V-ing+其他.

主+was/were+being+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+wasn’t/weren’t+V-ing+其他.

主+wasn’t/weren’t+being+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Was/Were+主+V-ing+其他?

Was/Were+主+

being+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+was/were.

/No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.

Yes,主+was/were.

/No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.

现在完成时

肯定句

主+have/has+V.p.p+其他.

主+have/has+been+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+haven’t/hasn’t+V.p.p+其他.

主+haven’t/hasn’t+been+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Have/Has+主+V.p.p+其他?

Have/Has+主+been+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+have/has.

/No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.

Yes,主+have/has.

/No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.

过去完成时

肯定句

主+had+V.p.p+其他.

主+had+been+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+

hadn’t+V.p.p+其他.

主+

hadn’t+been+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Had+主+V.p.p+其他?

Had+主+been+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+had.

/No,主+hadn’t.

Yes,主+had.

/No,主+hadn’t.

一般将来时

肯定句

主+will+V+其他.

主+will+be+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+won’t+V+其他.

主+won’t+be+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Will+主+V+其他?

/Shall+we+V+其他?

Will+主+be+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+will.

/No,主+won’t.

Yes,主+will.

/No,主+won’t.

过去将来时

肯定句

主+would/should+V+其他.

主+would/should+be+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t+V+其他.

主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t+be+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

Would/Should+主+V+其他?

Would/Should+主+be+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+would/should.

/No,主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t.

Yes,主+would/should.

/No,主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t.

情态动词

肯定句

主+情态动词+V+其他.

主+情态动词+be+V.p.p+其他.

否定句

主+情态动词+not+V+其他.

主+情态动词+not+be+V.p.p+其他.

一般疑问

情态动词+主+V+其他?

情态动词+主+be+V.p.p+其他?

简单回答

Yes,主+情态动词.

/No,主+情态动词+not.

Yes,主+情态动词.

/No,主+情态动词+not.

Ⅰ.

英语八种时态归纳复习

时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。

一、一般现在时:

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语:

always,usually,often,sometimes,every

week

(day,year,month…),once

a

week,on

Sundays,etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don

t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn

t,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时:

概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语:ago,yesterday,the

day

before

yesterday,last

week(year,night,month…),in

1989,just

now,at

the

age

of

5,one

day,long

long

ago,once

upon

a

time,etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn

t,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did

提问,同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时:

概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语:now,at

this

time,these

days,etc.

基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

四、过去进行时:

概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语:at

this

time

yesterday,at

that

time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构:was/were+doing

否定形式:was/were

+

not

+

doing.

一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

五、现在完成时:

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语:recently,lately,since…for…,in

the

past

few

years,etc.

基本结构:have/has

+

done

否定形式:have/has

+

not

+d

one.

一般疑问句:have或has。

六、过去完成时:

概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

时间状语:before,by

the

end

of

last

year(term,month…),etc.

基本结构:had

+

done.

否定形式:had

+

not

+

done.

一般疑问句:had放于句首。

七、一般将来时:

概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语:tomorrow,next

day(week,month,year…),soon,in

a

few

minutes,by…,the

day

after

tomorrow,etc.

基本结构:①am/is/are/going

to

+

do;②will/shall

+

do.

否定形式:①was/were

+

not;

②在行为动词前加didn

t,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

八、过去将来时:

概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语:the

next

day(morning,year…),the

following

month(week…),etc.

基本结构:①was/were/going

to

+

do;②would/should

+

do.

否定形式:①was/were/not

+

going

to

+

do;②would/should

+

not

+

do.

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should

提到句首。

Ⅱ.

几种常见时态的相互转换

英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:

一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间

+

ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It

is

+

一段时间

+

since

+

一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it

is来代替It

has

been;④瞬间动词用于“Some

time

has

passed

since

+

一般过去时”的句型中。请看:

A.

He

joined

the

League

two

years

ago.

B.

He

has

been

in

the

League

for

two

years.

C.

It

is

two

years

since

he

joined

the

League.

D.

Two

years

has

passed

since

he

joined

the

League.

二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at

work(在工作),at

school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:

Peter

is

at

work,but

Mike

is

at

play.

Peter

is

working,but

Mike

is

playing.

三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换

在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I

am

coming,Mum!

意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:

The

train

is

leaving

soon.

The

train

will

leave

soon.

四、“be

going

to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换

“be

going

to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:

We

are

going

to

visit

the

Great

Wall

next

Sunday.

We

shall

visit

the

Great

Wall

next

Sunday

9

篇3:高中十种时态总结及习题

高中十种时态总结及习题 本文关键词:时态,习题,十种,高中

高中十种时态总结及习题 本文简介:*1.一般过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would+动词原形”或“was/weregoingto+动词原形”来表达。基本构成:A)would+动词原形【此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。】HeaskedmeifIw

高中十种时态总结及习题 本文内容:

*1.一般过去将来时

过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would

+

动词原形”或“was

/

were

going

to

+

动词原形”来表达。

基本构成:

A

)

would

+

动词原形【此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。】He

asked

me

if

I

would

stay

here.

他问我是否要待在这儿。

B

)

was

/

were

going

to

+

动词原形【和一般将来时一样,也可用相应的其他形式表

示。】No

one

knew

when

he

was

going

to

finish

his

homework.

没有人知道他什么时

候会完成作业。

C

)

was/

were

(

about

)

to

+

动词原形【常见于come,go等瞬间动词。】He

said

that

they

were

to

leave

at

six.

他说他们将于6点动身。

D)

come,go,arrive,leave,die

等瞬时动词,用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。She

told

us

that

she

was

leaving

for

Yunnan.

她告诉我们她将要去云南。

练习:

)1.

---

What

did

he

tell

you

just

now?

---

He

said

that

____________

tomorrow

morning.

A.

he

will

buy

some

new

clothes

B.

will

he

buy

some

new

clothes

C.

he

would

buy

some

new

clothes

D.

would

he

buy

some

new

clothes

)2.

Ken

was

so

busy

when

we

saw

him,because

he

_______

a

speech

the

next

day.

A.

will

make

B.

would

make

C.

has

made

D.

was

making

)3.

If

I

had

enough

money,I

________

a

big

house

for

my

father.

A.

will

buy

B.

would

buy

C.

have

bought

D.

am

buying

2.过去将来进行时

过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作。它常和表过去将来的时间状语连用,但上下文清楚时,时间状语亦可省略。

■过去将来进行时有一个特点,就常用在宾语从句(尤其是间接引语)中。I

thought

you’d

be

sleeping.

我以为你在睡觉哩。

■过去将来进行时有时也可用在其他从句中。The

new

name

he

would

be

using

was

Jack

Jones.

他将用的新名是杰克?琼斯。He

would

pay

the

rest

as

he

would

be

leaving

France.

其余款项,他将在离开

法国时付清。

■过去将来进行时也可用在独立句中。Jack

said

he

had

found

a

job.

He

would

be

working

as

a

bartender

in

Detroit.

杰克说他找到了工作。他将在底特律做酒吧间伙计。I

was

excited.

Next

Wednesday

we

would

be

flying

to

Sydney.

我很兴奋。下星

期三我们就会飞往悉尼了。

■注意:过去将来进行时都没有被动语态。

3.过去将来完成时

过去将来完成时表示从过去观点看将来某时某动作会业已完成。这种时态用的较少,通常只见于转述方面。I

thought

she

would

have

told

you

something

by

then.我想届时她已经

告诉你一些情况。

构成

过去将来完成时是由would/should

+

have

+

v-ed构成,其否定形式是would/should

+not+

have

+

v-ed;疑问形式是将should/would提前。She

said

she

would

have

finished

her

exams

by

then.她说那时她会已经

考完试了。He

said

he

would

have

paid

me

back

the

money

by

the

end

of

the

week.他说将在

周末前还我钱。We

told

him

that

we

should

have

returned

to

the

camp

by

four

o

clock.我们告诉

他我们将于四点前回营地。I

hoped

she

would

have

finished

the

work

before

I

got

back.我希望她在我回来之

前做完那活儿。

4.过去将来完成进行时

表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间,过去将来完成进行时是由should/would

have

been

+

v-ing构成;否定形式should/would+not

have

been

+

v-ing;疑问形式是将should/would提前。She

said

that

by

the

end

of

the

year

she

would

have

been

studying

here

for

three

years.她说到

今年年底他将在这里学习三年了。*5.过去完成时

过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by,before等构成的短语,也可用when,before等引导的从句或通过上下代表示。His

eyes

shone

brightly

when

he

finally

received

the

magazine

he

had

long

expected.

当她终于收到她盼望已久的杂志时,她兴奋得两眼闪光。By

the

time

he

was

twelve,Edison

had

begun

to

make

a

living

by

himself.12岁

时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生。

构成:过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。We

had

learnt

30

lessons

by

the

end

of

last

month.到上个月末为止,我们已经学了

30课。He

said

we

hadn’t

seen

each

other

since

I

left

Beijing.自从我离开北京,我们还

没见过面。

过去完成时的用法

过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样。不同的是,过去完成时把时间推移到了过去某一时间之前,与现在无关。

(1)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间状语有by,before等介词短语或when,before等引导的从句。

(2)表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始,一直延续到过去的这一时间,而且还可能继续下去的动作,常和for,since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。By

the

time

I

left

the

school,he

had

taught

the

class

for

3

years.到我毕业时,

他已经教那个班三年了。

(3)用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句或as

if从句中表示与过去事实相反If

he

had

seen

you

yesterday,he

would

have

asked

you

about

it.假如他昨天看到你,

他就会问你这件事了。

(4)表示假设的宾语从句

放在像said,told,asked,thought,wondered等过去时动词的后面,表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。My

friend

told

me

that

he

had

passed

the

exam.我的朋友告诉我,他已通过了考试。

(5)用在

“It

was

the

first/second/third…time

that…”句型中

在此句型中,主句用了一般过去时,that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。This

was

the

first

time

they

had

met

in

thirty-nine

years.

这是39年里他们第

一次见面。

(6)intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可

以表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事,这种结构也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意

图或希望等,含有某种惋惜。We

had

meant

to

tell

her

the

news

but

found

that

she

wasn’t

in.我们本想把这

个消息告诉她的,但发现她不在家。

(7)过去完成时常用结构有“hardly,scarcely,barely

when,no

sooner…

than等

副词的句子里。She

hardly

had

gone

to

bed

when

the

bell

rang.他刚睡下铃就响了。

(8)当before,after,as

soon

as

等引导的从句里的动作与主句的动作紧接时,由于

这些连词本身已经说明了两个动作发生的先后关系,因此两个动作均可用一般过去时

表示。We

had

breakfast

after

we

did

morning

exercises.做完早操之后,我们吃早饭。

练习:

1.I

lost

the

dictionary

I

________.

A.have

bought

B.bought

C.had

bought

D.had

been

bought

2.

The

train

had

gone

when

my

brother

_______

at

the

station.

A.have

arrived

B.arrived

C.had

arrived

D.am

arriving

3.

Mary

_______

of

visiting

her

grandmother,but

the

bad

weathermade

her

change

her

mind.

A.has

thought

B.thought

C.had

thought

D.had

been

thought

4.

------Did

you

meet

Tom

at

the

airport?

------No,he

_______

by

the

time

I______

there.

A.has

left;got

B.had

left;arrived

C.left;arrived

D.left;had

got

5.

-------Why

didn’t

Tom

attend

the

meeting

yesterday?

-------He

__________

Beijing.

A.has

gone

to

B.had

gone

to

C.went

to

D.had

been

to

6.

-------I

_______

to

come

to

help

you.

------But

you

didn’t

come.

A.have

meant

B.had

meant

C.meant

D.will

mean

7.

Finally

one

of

my

friends

_______

by

Beijing

University,for

which

she

___

five

time

A.were

admitted;

had

tried

B.was

admitted;

had

tried

C.were

admitted;

has

tried

D.was

admitted;

tried

8.------I

have

bought

you

the

books

you

want.

------Oh,good,I

_______

afraid

you

had

forgotten.

A.was

B.am

C.had

been

D.have

been

9.

We

_________

four

thousand

new

words

by

the

end

of

last

year.

A.had

learned

B.have

learned

C.learned

D.will

have

learned

10.

---What

do

you

think

of

my

suggestion?

---

Sorry.

What’s

that?I

_____

about

something

else.

A.

was

thinking

B.

thought

C.

am

thinking

D.

had

thought

6.过去完成进行时

过去完成进行时主要表示过去某一时间以前一直在进行的动作。He

had

been

studying

English

before

entering

the

college.他在上大学之前一直在学英语。

构成:

过去完成进行时由“助动词had+

been+

v-ing”构成;否定形式had+not+

been+

v-ing;疑问形式是将had提前。He

had

been

telling

you

this.他多次跟你说这件事。

用法:

(1)过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去这一时间。这一动作

可能己经停止也可能还在进行。She

told

me

that

she

had

been

studying

French

for

5

years.她告诉我她己经学习法语5年

了。(仍继续)She

told

me

that

she

had

been

waiting

for

me

for

an

hour.她告诉我她己经等我一个钟头了。

(不再继续)

(2)表示反复的动作、企图、情绪、最近的情况You

had

been

giving

me

everything.你对我真是有求必应。(感激)I

had

been

studying

the

meaning

of

the

poem.我一直在研究这首诗。(我还没懂)

7.

现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作,这个动作可能仍在进行,也可能停止了。I

am

tired.

I

have

been

painting

the

living

room

all

day.我很累。我刷了一整天房子。

构成:

现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has

+been+

v-ing”构成;否定形式have/has

+not+been+

v-ing;疑问形式是将have/has提前。I

have

been

telling

him

to

study

hard.我一直告诉他学习要更加刻苦才是。

用法:

(1)

表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话时候刚结束。I

have

been

waiting

you

for

about

one

hour.我等你大约一个小时了。(说话时“等“的动作刚结束)

(2)

表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行,并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。They

have

been

living

here

for

10

years.

他们住在这里十年了。

(3)

表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果(相当于现在完成时)She

has

been

doing

too

much

work.他做的工作太多了。(Now

he

is

tired

out.)

现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较

(1)

现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成,或者在过去曾经发生过的动作;现在完成进行时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。Ihave

written

an

article.我写了一篇代章。(已完成)I

have

been

writing

an

article.我一直在写一篇代章。(还在写)

(2)

现在完成时表示刚刚结束时,强调动作的结果,现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以

前持续进行的情景,并带有情感色彩。

Now

we

have

cleaned

the

room;

we

can

move

the

things

in

.现在房子打扫好了,我们可

以往里搬东西了。(强调打扫完了的结果)—You

look

so

tired.

What

have

you

been

doing?你看起来很累,你干什么了?

—I

ve

been

playing

football.我踢足球了。(强调不久前踢球的情景)

练习:

1.

I’m

sure

Andrew

will

win

the

first

prize

in

the

final.

I

think

so.

He

________

for

it

for

months.

A.

is

preparing

B.

was

preparing

C.

had

been

preparing

D.

has

been

preparing

2.

By

the

time

he

realizes

he

_________

into

a

trap,it’ll

be

too

late

for

him

to

do

anything

about

it.

A.

walks

B.

walked

C.

has

walked

D.

had

walked

3.

Danny

_________

hard

for

long

to

realize

his

dream

and

now

he

is

popular.

A.

works

B.

is

working

C.

has

worked

D.

had

worked

4.—I

have

got

a

headache.

—No

wonder.

You_________

in

front

of

that

computer

too

long.

A.

work

B.

are

working

C.

have

been

working

D.

worked

5.Now

that

she

is

out

of

job,Lucy

___

going

back

to

school,but

she

hasn’t

decided

yet.

A.

had

considered

B.

has

been

considering

C.

considered

D.

is

going

to

consider8.将来进行时

将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作或某段时间持续的动作。它主要表示按计

划、安排将来某时将要进行或发生的动作。What

will

you

be

doing

at

eight

o

clock

this

evening?今天晚上8点你干什么?

构成:

将来进行时由“助动词shall/will+be+v-ing”构成I

ll

be

visiting

professor

Li

at

2

this

afternoon.今天下午2点我将拜访李教授。

用法:

(1)表示将来某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作,常与this

time

tomorrow,at

4

o’clock

tomorrow

afternoon等时间状语连用。At

this

time

tomorrow

we’ll

be

flying

over

the

Atlantic.

明天此时我们正在飞越大西洋的上

空。

(2)

代替一般将来时表示一种已经决定或肯定的动作或情况,或表示某动作将在按计划发

生而未完成。We

shall

be

having

a

meeting

in

a

minute.我们一会儿就要开会。

(3)用将来进行时来询问别人的计划、打算,比用一般将来时更礼貌,也可以表示较缓和的命令或碰巧发生的事。Will

you

be

having

supper

with

us

this

evening?你今天晚上能和我们一起吃晚饭好吗?

(4)用于表示将来的动作迟于所安排的另一次动作He

is

going

to

take

a

stroll

in

the

park

and

then

he

will

be

watering

the

flowers.他打算到公园

去散步,然后浇花。

(5)

将来进行时与一般将来时的区别

一般将来时既可以表示“将来”,也可以表示“意志、意图”;而将来进行时则表示纯粹的将来,指说话者无意图的动作。He

won’t

cut

the

grass.他拒绝割草。(有意图)He

won’t

be

cutting

the

grass.他将不割草。(无意图,仅陈述一个事实)

练习:

1.

There

__________

a

meeting

tomorrow

afternoon.

A.will

be

going

to

B.

will

going

to

be

C.

is

going

to

be

D.

will

go

to

be

2.

Charlie

________

here

next

month.

A.

isn’t

working

B.

doesn’t

working

C.

isn’t

going

to

working

D.

won’t

work

3.

Joe____the

piano

in

a

few

minutes.

A

shall

be

played

B

will

have

been

playing

C

shall

be

playing

D

will

have

played

4.

I

____

my

grandmother

at

three

this

afternoon.

A

shall

be

visiting

B

shall

have

visited

C

shall

be

visiting

D

will

visit

5.

“Can

you

attend

the

party

tonight?”

“No,_____

the

boss

about

something

urgent.”

A

I

see

BI

shall

have

seen

CI’ll

be

seeing

D

I

can

see

9.

将来完成时

将来完成时表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作。On

the

first

of

next

month

I

shall

have

studied

in

this

school

for

five

years.下月一日,我在这

个学校学习就满5年了。

构成:

将来完成时由“shall

/will

+have

+v-ed”构成;

否定形式“shall

/will

+not

+have

+v-ed”

构成。By

the

time

class

is

over,we

shall

have

finished

lesson

40.下课前我们要完成第40课。

用法:

(1)

将来完成时表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作,通常与before或by连用。Before

long,he

will

have

forgottenall

about

it.不久他就会全忘记的。

(2)

表示持续到将来某一时间的动作或状态,这动作或状态也可能将继续进行下去。When

they

move

here

next

month,we

ll

have

livedin

the

city

for

5

years.下月他们搬到这里

时,我们已住在该市五年了。

(3)

表示对现在或将来可能完成动作的推测She

will

have

arrived

by

now.她这是可能已经到了。

练习:

1.

By

the

end

of

this

year,I

____enough

money

for

a

holiday.

A

will

save

B

will

be

saving

C

will

have

saved

D

have

saved

2.

I

have

been

studying

here

for

four

years,by

next

summer.

A

shall

graduate

B

shall

be

graduated

C

shall

be

graduating

D

shall

have

graduated

10.

将来完成进行时

将来完成进行时表示将来某事、某时之前已发生的动作。It

will

have

been

snowing

for

a

whole

week

if

it

snows

again

tomorrow.如果明天还下雪的

话,雪就要整整下一个星期。

构成:

是由shall/will

have

been+

v-ing

构成。否定形式shall/will

not

have

been+

v-ing;疑问形式是

将shall/will提前。They

will

have

been

having

a

holiday

next

week.他们下周大概在度假。

用法:

(1)一般将来完成进行时表示将来某事、某时之前已发生的动作,一直延续到将来某一时

间,是否继续下去要视上下代而定,常与表示将来某一时间状语连用。By

the

time

the

sun

sets,they

will

have

been

working

on

the

farm

for

six

hours.太阳落山时他

们在农场上干活将有6个小时了。

(2将来完成进行时也可表示推测,含有“我预料、大概”的意思。这种用法的will应看作

情态动词。It

is

early

spring.

Birds

will

have

been

flying

back.现在时早春了,鸟儿该飞回来了

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