英语从句类型总结 本文关键词:从句,英语,类型
英语从句类型总结 本文简介:英语从句类型总结在复合句中主句是全句的主体,从句是全句的一个成分,不能独立。从句在复合句中的功用,和简单句中的句子成分的功用类似,可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语(以上为名词性从句)、定语、状语等。因此,它可以分为主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、和状语从句。一、定语从句在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫
英语从句类型总结 本文内容:
英语从句类型总结
在复合句中主句是全句的主体,从句是全句的一个成分,不能独立。从句在复合句中的功用,和简单句中的句子成分的功用类似,可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语(以上为名词性从句)、定语、状语等。因此,它可以分为主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、和状语从句。
一、定语从句
在复合句中,
修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的有关系代词
who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.
由who引导的定语从句中,who用作主语,
如:
This
is
the
boy
who
often
helps
me.
2.
由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:
The
man
whom
you
are
waiting
for
has
gone
home.
3.由whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语
,如
:
Do
you
know
the
girl
whose
skirt
is
white?
4.由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语,如:
This
is
the
book
which
has
been
retranslated
into
many
languages.
这就是那本有多种语言译本的书。(关系代词Which用作主语。)
5.由that引导的定语从句中,that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,如:
The
book
that
I
bought
yesterday
was
written
by
Lu
Xun.
6.由when,where,why引导的定语从句,如:
I
don
t
know
the
reason
why
he
was
late.
This
is
the
place
where
we
have
lived
for
5
years.
I
ll
never
forget
the
day
when
I
met
Mr
Li
for
the
first
time.
注意:先行词是表示地点时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物的,就用
that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的,就用where引导。This
is
the
house
Which
/that
he
has
lived
in
for
15
years.(Where
he
has
lived
for
15
year.)
7.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分,主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,of
which等,这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明,没有这种从句,不影响主句意思的完整,一般用逗号把主句和从句分开,
关系代词用
which,不用that;指人时可用who,如
:I
have
two
brothers,who
are
both
students.
二、状语从句
由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目,也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句,这些从句仍是今后高考热点,应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。
1、时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till
(until),since,once,as
soon
as
(或the
moment
),by
the
time,no
sooner
than,hardly
(scarcely)
when,every
time等引导。
When
I
came
into
the
office,the
teachers
were
having
a
meeting.
He
started
as
soon
as
he
received
the
news.
Once
you
see
him,you
will
never
forget
him.
No
sooner
had
I
gone
to
bed
than
I
went
to
sleep.
2、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,now
that(既然)等,for
表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。
He
is
disappointed
because
he
didn
t
get
the
position.
As
it
is
raining,I
will
not
go
out.
Now
that
you
mention
it,I
do
remember.
3、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where
和wherever等。
Sit
wherever
you
like.
Make
a
mark
where
you
have
a
question.
4、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so,so
that(从句谓语常有情态动词),in
order
that,in
case(以防,以免)等。
Speak
clearly,so
that
they
may
understand
you.
She
has
bought
the
book
in
order
that
she
could
follow
the
TV
lessons.
He
left
early
in
case
he
should
miss
the
train.
5、结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由so
that
(从句谓语一般没有情态动词),so
that,such
that等引导。
She
was
ill,so
that
she
didnt
attend
the
meeting.
He
was
so
excited
that
he
could
not
say
a
word.
She
is
such
a
good
teacher
that
everyone
admires
her.
6、条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if,unless,so
(as)
long
as,on
condition
that,so
(as)
far
as,if
only
(
=
if
)。注意:条件从句中的if
不能用whether替换。
If
he
is
not
in
the
office,he
must
be
out
for
lunch.
You
may
borrow
the
book
so
long
as
you
keep
it
clean.
So
far
as
I
know(据我所知),he
will
be
away
for
three
months.
You
can
go
swimming
on
condition
that
(
=
if
)
you
dont
go
too
far
away
from
the
river
bank.
If
he
had
come
a
few
minutes
earlier,he
could
have
seen
her.
7、让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although,though,as,even
if
(though),however,whatever,whether
or,no
matter
who
(when,what,)
等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
Though
he
is
a
child,he
knows
a
lot.
Child
as
he
is,he
knows
a
lot.
Whatever
(
=
No
matter
what
)
you
say,Ill
never
change
my
mind.
8、方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as,as
if
(though),the
way,rather
than等引导。
You
must
do
the
exercise
as
I
show
you.
He
acted
as
if
nothing
had
happened.
9、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than,so
(as)
as,the
more
the
more等引导。
I
have
made
a
lot
more
mistakes
than
you
have.
He
smokes
cigarettes
as
expensive
as
he
can
afford.
The
busier
he
is,the
happier
he
feels.
三、名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句
(Noun
Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连词:that(无任何词意);whether,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性);as
if,as
though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)。
以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.
Whichever,whomever
连接副词:when,where,how,why
具体分类
1.主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如:
What
he
wants
to
tell
us
is
not
clear.
他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
Who
will
win
the
match
is
still
unknown.
谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
2.宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
(1)
由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如:
He
has
told
me
that
he
will
go
to
Shanghai
tomorrow.
他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
(2)用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如:
I
want
to
know
what
he
has
told
you.
我想知道他告诉了你什么。
3.表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as
if引导。其基本结构为:主语
+
系动词
+
that从句。例如:
The
fact
is
that
we
have
lost
the
game.
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That
s
just
what
I
want.
这正是我想要的。
4.
同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice,demand,doubt,fact,hope,idea,information,message,news,order,problem,promise,question,request,suggestion,truth,wish,word等。例如:
The
news
that
we
won
the
game
is
exciting.
我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I
have
no
idea
when
he
will
come
back
home.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
篇2:初中英语状语从句知识点总结
初中英语状语从句知识点总结 本文关键词:状语,从句,知识点,初中英语
初中英语状语从句知识点总结 本文简介:初中英语状语从句知识点总结(一)用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导,与主句连接起来。若置于句末,则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用,状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。1时间状语从句时间状语从句常用从属连词whe
初中英语状语从句知识点总结 本文内容:
初中英语状语从句知识点总结(一)
用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导,与主句连接起来。若置于句末,则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用,状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。
1时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用从属连词when,after,until,as
soon
as,等来引导。
当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时,其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。
如:Please
call
me
when
you
get
there.当你到那时,请给我打个电话。
I
will
write
to
you
as
soon
as
I
arrive
in
Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。
since引导时间状语从句表示“自从…以来”,从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点,用过去时;而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为:
It
has
been/is+一段时间+since+过去时。
如:I
has
been/is
three
years
since
we
met
last
time.自从我们上次见面,已经三年了。
2条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有:if(如果),unless(除非),as
long
as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。
如:I
will
stay
at
home
if
it
rains
tomorrow.如果明天下雨,我就待在家。
You
can’t
learn
English
well
unless
you
work
hard.
除非你努力学习,否则是学不好英语的。
由if引导的条件状语从句,若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实,则常用虚拟语气,即用过去时态表示(如果涉及到be动词,一律都用were)。此时,主句则用过去将来时。
如:If
I
had
enough
money,I
would
buy
it
for
you.如果我又足够的钱,我将把它买给你。
I
wouldn’t
do
it
if
I
were
you.如果我是你,我是不会做的。
3原因状语从句
because,since,as,for都可用来引导原因状语从句,那么它们又有哪些区别呢?
①because用来表示“造成某种结果的直接原因”,语气较浓,常用来回答why提出的问句。如:
---Why
are
you
late?
---Because
my
bike
is
broken.
②as和since用来表示“看的到的或是不说也知道的原因”,since也可译作:“既然”。
如:As
he
is
old
enough,let
him
do
it.他既然长大了,就让他干吧!
Since
his
shoes
are
worn
out,let’s
buy
him
a
new
pair.
既然他的鞋坏了,那我们就给他买双新的吧。
③for引导的原因状语从句不置于句首,常用来表示“顺便提及的理由”,只是稍带说明原因,并非强调。
如:I
must
stay
here,for
it’s
raining
so
hard.我必须得待在这儿,因为雨下的很大。
初中英语状语从句知识点总结(二)
1状语从句
在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较(或方式)和条件等类。
1.时间状语从句
引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after,before,as
soon
as
The
bus
won’t
start
until
everybody
gets
on.
公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。
When
he
knocked
at
the
door
I
was
cooking.
当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。
Last
night
before
he
came
back
home,his
wife
had
already
cooked
dinner
and
waited
for
2
hours.
昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
After
I
went
to
church,I
went
shopping.
2.
地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where,wherever
引导。
Where
there
is
a
will,there
is
a
way.
哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。
Where
there
is
a
life,there
is
a
hope.
哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
Wherever
you
go,whatever
you
do,I
will
be
right
here
waiting
for
you.
不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。
3.原因状语从句
引导连词有because,as,since。
He
didn′t
see
the
film
because
he
had
seen
it.
他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。
They
couldn’t
get
on
the
train,for
it
was
too
crowed.
比较:because,since,as和for
1)
because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或
since。
I
didn
t
go,because
I
was
afraid.
Since
/As
the
weather
is
so
bad,we
have
to
delay
our
journey.
2)
由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗
号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
He
is
absent
today,because
/
for
he
is
ill.
He
must
be
ill,for
he
is
absent
today.
注意
because不能和so
连用。
4.
目的状语从句
引导连词有
that,
so
that…,in
order
that。
He
must
get
up
early
so
that
he
can
catch
the
first
bus.
他必须早起,以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。
He
repainted
the
house
so
that
he
could
welcome
the
guests.
Millions
of
trees
are
planted
in
North
China
so
that
the
sand
can
be
stopped
from
moving
south.
The
mother
left
work
earlier
in
order
that
she
could
be
at
home
when
the
children
arrived.
So
that
…——以便/以致……
例如:(1)They
studied
hard
so
that
they
could
pass
the
exam.
(2)They
started
early
so
that
they
caught
the
early
bus.
注意点:
在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语;在例句(2)中,是引导结果状语。一般来讲,从句中含有情态动词的,为目的状语。无情态动词的,为结果状语。
5.结果状语从句
引导连词有that,so…that…,such….that
The
box
is
so
heavy
that
I
can’t
lift
it.
这个盒子如此沉,以致我无法抬起来。
such+名词性词组+that…
So+形容词/副词+that…——如此……以致……
例如:(1)She
is
such
a
good
teacher
that
we
all
love
her.
(2)It
was
such
a
hot
day
that
they
didn’t
go
out
for
a
walk
as
usual.
注意点:
1.such+a+形容词+名词+that…,可以改写成:so+形容词+a+名词+that…,例句(1)可以改写成:She
is
so
good
a
teacher
that
we
all
love
her.
2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that…结构中,形容词如果是many/few或much/little时,用so不用such,即:so+many/few+可数名词复数+that…,so+much/little+不可数名词+that…
(1)There
are
so
many
people
in
the
room
that
I
can’t
get
in.
(2)The
man
has
so
much
money
that
he
can
buy
a
car.
6.让步状语从句
引导连词有though,although;
even
though/if;
whatever;
however
Although
he
is
young,he
knows
a
lot
of
things.
虽然他年龄小,但却认识许多事物。
Even
though
you
don’t
like
him,you
still
have
to
be
polite.
Whatever
you
say,I
will
not
change
my
mind.
注意
although,though不能和but连用。
7.比较(方式)状语从句以than为引导连词。常见连词(as)…as,…than…;
the…,the…
Jim
is
older
than
Lucy(is).
吉姆比路希年长。
Skiing
is
more
exciting
than
running.
The
more
you
practice,the
more
knowledge
you
will
get.
注意
than
引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。
8.条件状语从句以if,unless为引导连词。
If
you
eat
bad
food,you
may
be
ill.
如果你吃到坏了的食物,就会生病。
If
it
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow,we
will
have
a
sports
meet.
注意
主句是将来时,从句用一般现在时。
状语从句中常见的误点
1)时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配:(俗称:主将从现)
2)原因状语从句because与because
of
;
Because+从句
和because
of
+n./
pron
例如:I
was
late
because
I
didn’t
catch
the
bus.
I
was
late
because
of
the
rain.
篇3:初中英语宾语从句知识点总结
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结 本文关键词:宾语,从句,知识点,初中英语
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结 本文简介:初中英语宾语从句知识点总结(一)考察的三个要点:语序,时态,关联词。1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2.构成:关联词+简单句。3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。(who作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序)4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,连接宾语从句的连词有that(that在口语中常省略)。whe
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结 本文内容:
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结(一)
考察的三个要点:语序,时态,关联词。
1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2.构成:关联词+简单句。
3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。(who
作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序)
4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,连接宾语从句的连词有that(that在口语中常省略)。
whether,if,和连接代词what,
which,
who,
whom及连接副词when,
where,
how,
why。
He
knew(that)
he
should
study
hard.
他知道他应该努力学习。
Can
you
tell
me
which
class
you
are
in?
您能告诉我,您在哪一班吗?
He
asked
me
if
he
could
come
in,
他问我他是否能进来。
5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
(1)从属连词that.如:一般那情况下可以省略。
He
told
us
that
he
felt
ill.
I
know
he
has
returned.
注:
that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下,that不能省略。
1.Everybody
could
see
what
happened
and
that
Tom
was
frightened.
(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)
2.I
know
nothing
about
him
except
that
he
is
from
the
south.
(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。)
3.That
he
ever
said
such
a
thing
I
simply
don’t
believe.(that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。)
我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
(2)从属连词if/whether.如:
I
doubt
whether
he
will
succeed.
I
don’t
know
if
you
can
help
me.
(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,
whichever
连接副词
where,when,how,why.
Who
or
what
he
was,Martin
never
learned.
I
wonder
what
he’s
writing
to
me
about.
I’ll
tell
you
why
I
asked
you
to
come.
注意
1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。
We
thought
it
strange
that
Xiao
Wang
did
not
come
yesterday.
He
has
made
it
clear
that
he
will
not
give
in.
2.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等,连词that可省略。
I
am
not
sure
what
I
ought
to
do.
I’m
afraid
you
don’t
understand
what
I
said.
I’m
surprised
that
I
didn’t
see
all
that
before.
Mother
was
very
pleased
her
daughter
had
passed
the
exams.
3.连词whether
(…or
not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whether常和or
not连用,
if一般不与or
not连用。如:
I
wonder
whether
it
is
true
or
not.我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用if而用wheter.试比较:
Please
let
me
know
if
you
want
to
go.
Please
let
me
know
whether
you
want
to
go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”;此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话,请告诉我一声”。
4.宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。如:
I
don’t
think
you
are
right.
I
don’t
believe
they
have
finished
their
work
yet.
I
don’t
suppose
he
cares,does
he?
我想他不在意,是吗?
5.宾语从句的时态变化规律:
主句从句
一般现在时可根据需要用任何时态。
一般过去时过去的某种时态,例如:一般过去,过去进行,过去完成,过去将来等
注意:说到自然现象和普遍真理时,用一般现在时
The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
goes
round
the
sun.
3宾语从句应注意的问题
1.时态的一致(主句的时态与从句的时态一致)
a.宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I
know
he
lives
here.我知道他住在这儿。
I
know
he
lived
here
ten
years
ago.
我知道他十年前住在这儿。
I
have
heard
that
he
will
come.
我已经听说他要来了。
b.宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用过去的时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
I
know
who
lives
here.我知道谁住在这儿。
I
know
who
lived
here
我知道谁住过这儿。
Everyone
he
asks
us
if
everyone
is
here.
He
asked
us
if
everyone
was
here.
他问我们是否所有的人都出席了。
He
has
said
that
he
has
seen
it.
他说过他已经看了。
He
said
that
he
had
seen
it.
他说他已经看了。
2.语序的变化
a.陈述句变为宾语从句时,语序不变。
陈述句:He
is
an
honest
man.
他是一个诚实的人。
宾语从句:I
said
he
was
an
honest
man.
(连词that可省)
我说他是一个诚实的人。
陈述句:We
ll
Win.
我们会赢。
宾语从句:We
believe
we
ll
win.
我们相信我们会赢。
b.一般疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序,用whether,if连接。
一般疑问句:Does
he
study
hard?
他学习认真吗?
宾语从句:I
wonder
if(whether)he
studies
hard.
我不知道他是否认真学习。
一般疑问句:Will
they
win?他们会赢吗?
宾语从句:I
asked
if(whether)
they
would
win.
我问他们是否会赢。
c.特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序,用连接代词或副词(即保留原来的疑问词)。
特殊疑问句:Who
is
he?
他是谁?
宾语从句:Do
you
know
who
he
is?
你知道他是谁吗?
特殊疑问句:What
does
he
want?
他要什么?
宾语从句:I
don
t
know
what
he
wants.
我不知道他要什么。
注意
Who
went
there?
(特殊疑问句)
谁去那里呢?
I
wonder
who
went
there.
(宾语从句)
我不知道谁去那里。
因为是对主语提问,所以特殊疑问句语序不变。变为宾语从句时,语序依然不变。
特殊疑问句:When
did
he
leave?
他何时离开的?
宾语从句:I
know
when
he
left.
我知道他是什么时候离开的。
特殊疑问句:Where
will
he
arrive?
他将会到哪里呢?
宾语从句:He
asked
me
where
he
would
arrive.
他问我他将会到哪里。
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结(二)
知识点总结
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:引导词、语序和时态。
一、.引导词
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He
told
us
(that)
they
would
help
us
through
the
whole
work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。在
whether
…
or
not
结构中不能用
if
替换。例句:I
don’t
know
if
there
will
be
a
bus
any
more.
3.
从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。
例句:He
didn’t
tell
me
when
we
should
meet
again.
二、判断时态情况:
1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。
2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。
注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。
例句:He
answered
that
he
was
listening
to
me.
Father
told
me
that
practice
makes
perfect
.
三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序
陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
错误:
He
is
wondering
when
can
he
finish
this
difficult
job.
正确:
He
is
wondering
when
he
can
finish
this
difficult
job.
注意:宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
例如;
I
don’t
think
he
will
come
to
my
party.而不能说成I
think
he
won’t
come
to
my
party.
常见考法
对于宾语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下,常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。
典型例题:Please
tell
me
______
last
year.
A.where
does
your
sister
work
B
where
did
your
sister
work
C
.where
your
sister
works
D
where
your
sister
worked
解析:本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序,所以排除A和
B;last
year
表示过去时
,所以排除
C
。
答案:D
误区提醒
宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序
,但要注意当疑问词为主语时,句式为:疑问词+谓语+其他
,问句和陈述句语序一样。
典型例题:I
didn
t
know
?
A.
What
wrong
was
with
her
B.what
was
wrong
with
her
C
.what
wrong
is
with
her
D.what
is
wrong
with
her
解析:主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态,所以排除C和D;在what
was
wrong
with
her中,what作主语,所以问句本身又是陈述句语序,不用变化。
答案:
B
·
定语从句知识点总结,初中英语定语从句知识点总结
初中英语定语从句知识点总结(一)
要学定语从句,得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如,a
good
book,good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,相当于形容词,在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关.查看详细
·
·
日期知识点总结,初中英语日期知识点总结
初中英语日期知识点总结(一)
英文日期分英式和美式,举例如下:
1)
8th
March,2004或8
March,2004(英式)
2)
March
8th,2004或March
8,2004(美式)
日期写法宜遵从下列规则:
1)年份必须完全写明,不可用04代替2004;
2)月份必须用英文拼出或采用公认的简写,即January
(Jan.),February
(Feb.),March(Mar.),April(Apr.),May,June,July,August
(Aug.),September
(Sept.),October(Oct.),November(Nov.),December(Dec.);
3)日期可用序数词,如:.查看详细
·
·
祈使句知识点汇总,初中英语祈使句知识点
初中英语祈使句知识点
祈使句:
表示请求或命令的句子是祈使句。祈使句一般用降调,为使祈使句听起来比较婉转,可用低声调,祈使句句末用句号或感叹号。
每种类型又有肯定形式和
祈使句的组成
①动词原形+其他
②Please+动词原形+其他
③否定形式:dont+动词原形,用dont否定时,只能用其缩略形式。
例如:
Welcome
to
Beijing
Park.
Walk
about
three
blocks.
Dont
mention
it.
祈使句的含义:
1.查看详细
·
·
动词的时态知识点汇总,初中英语动词的时态知识点
初中英语动词的时态知识点
一、一般现在时:
基本结构:①动词原形
②主语三单:动词原形+s/es
三种常考基本用法:1、经常性和习惯性动作
Eg.
I
always
get
up
early.
2、客观事实和普遍真理
Eg.
The
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
3、在时间状语从句及条件状语从句中,一般现在表将来
If
it
doesnt
rain,we
will
have
a
picnic.
其中,第三种用法就是学生们熟知的主将从现的原则,这一点大家务必掌握,此.查看详细
·
·
连词知识点总结,初中英语连词知识点
初中英语连词知识点
一,表示并列关系的连词有:
and,bothand,neithernor,eitheror,not
onlybut
also,as
well
as
1.and
和,并且,连接对等的词句。(在否定句中要用or连接。)
I
like
physics
and
chemistry.我喜欢物理和化学。
I
dont
like
physics
or
chemistry.我不喜欢物理和化学。
2.bothand和都
Both
Jim
and
Mary
went
to
the
cinema
yesterday.昨天吉姆和玛丽都去看电影了。
Exercise
is
good
both
for
body
and
for
mind.运动有益于.查看详细
·
·
介词知识点梳理,初中英语介词知识点
初中英语介词知识点
用途的介词:
1.表示标准或单位的介词:at,for,by
(1)at表示以速度以价格
He
drove
at
a
speed
of
80
miles
an
hour.他以每小时8英里的速度行驶。
I
sold
my
car
at
a
high
price.我以高价出售了我的汽车。
(2)for用交换
I
bought
it
for
20
dollars.买它花了我20美元。
How
much
for
these
apples?这些苹果多少钱?
at与for都表示价格,但at表示单价,for表示总价,at后一般跟price这个词,而for后只能跟总.查看详细
·
相关热词:
分享到:
QQ空间
新浪微博
QQ好友
微信
人人网
上一篇:定语从句知识点总结,初中英语定语从句知识点总结
下一篇:名词知识点总结,初中英语名词知识点总结
【初一英语知识点】相关内容
·
零冠词知识点总结,初中英语零冠词知识点总结
·
集合名词知识点总结,初中英语集合名词知识点总结
·
问答题知识点总结,初中英语问答题知识点总结
·
省略句知识点总结,初中英语省略句知识点总结
·
选择疑问句知识点总结,初中英语选择疑问句知识点总结
·
并列连词知识点总结,初中英语并列连词知识点总结
·
动词短语知识点总结,初中英语动词短语知识点总结
·
疑问代词知识点总结,初中英语疑问代词知识点总结
·
反意疑问句知识点总结,初中英语反意疑问句知识点总结
·
频度副词知识点总结,初中英语频度副词知识点总结
热门推荐
·
七年级下册英语复习资料:Unit
7
The
birthday
party
·
冀教版初一英语上册Lesson
3
Welcome
to
our
school知识点
·
初一英语期中复习考点之What
can
you
do
?
·
七年级下册英语重点内容:The
birthday
party
·
时间状语从句知识点总结,初一英语时间状语知识点
·
初一英语一般疑问句
·
方式和地点状语从句知识点总结,初一英语知识点
·
初一英语下册期中复习资料之She
is
reading
in
the
library.
·
一般疑问句知识点总结,初一英语一般疑问句知识点
·
人教版七年级英语下学期期末考试知识点归纳
热门关键词
初中物理知识点
高中英语知识点
2017年北京幼升小
六年级数学辅导
初一数学辅导
高中知识点
最新内容
·
完形填空知识点总结,初一英语完形填空知识点
·
初一期中英语作文题目之有趣的劳动节
·
外研版七年级下册英语知识点:Module
8
·
数词知识点总结,初一英语数词知识点
·
2016初一下册英语知识点:Unit4
·
反意疑问句知识点总结,初中英语反意疑问句知识点总结
·
七年级英语下册期末备考知识点整理
·
动名词知识点总结,初一英语动名词知识点
·
初一下册英语期中考要点之What
can
you
do?
·
现在进行时知识点总结,现在进行时知识