高三英语下试卷xxxx
高三英语下试卷阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Flyingoveradesertareainanairplane,twoscientistslookeddownwithtrainedeyesattreesandbushes.Afteranhour'sflightoneofthescientistswroteinhisbook,'Lookhereforprobablemetal'.Scientistsinanotherairplane,flyingoveramountainregion,sentamessagetootherscientistsontheground,'Goldpossible.'Walkingacrosshillyground,fourscientistsreported,'Thisgroundshouldbesearchedformetals.'Fromanairplaneoverahillywastelandascientistsentbackbyradiooneword,'Uranium'.
NoneofthescientistshadX-rayeyes:theyhadnomagicpowersforlookingdownbelowtheearth'ssurface.Theyweremerelyputtingtouseoneofthenewestmethodsoflocationmineralsintheground---usingtreesandplantsassignsthatcertainmineralsmayliebeneaththegroundonwhichthetreesandplantsaregrowing.
Thisnewestmethodofsearchingformineralsisbasedonthefactthatmineralsdeepintheearthmayaffectthekindofbushesandtreesthatgrowonthesurface.
AtWatsonBarCreek,abrooksixthousandfeethighinthemountainsofBritishColumbia,Canada,amineralsearchgroupgatheredbagsoftreeseeds.Boxedwerefilledwithsmallbranchesfromtrees.Rootsweredugandputintoboxes.Eachbagandboxwascarefullymarked.Inascientificlaboratorythepartsoftheforesttreeswereburnedtoashesandtested.Eachsmallpartwasexaminedtolearnwhetherthereweremineralsinit.
Studyoftheroots,branches,andseedsshowednosilver.Butthereweresmallamountsofgoldintherootsandalittlelessgoldinthebranchesandseeds.Theseedsgrowingnearesttothetreetrunkhadmoregoldthanthosegrowingontheendsofthebranches.
Ifthetreeshadnotindicatedthattherewasgoldintheground,thescientistswouldnothavespentmoneytopayfordiggingintothedeeper.Theydiddigandfoundmoregoldbelow.Theydugdeeper.Theyfoundlargequantitiesofgold.
1.Scientistswereflyingoveradesertorhillywastelandoramountainregioninordertosearchfor_____intheground.
A.goldB.mineralsC.silverD.metals
2.Thestudyoftrees,branchesandrootsindicatesthat_______.
A.therewerelargeramountsofgoldinthebranchesthanintheseeds.
B.thereweresmallamountsofgoldintherootsthaninthebranches
C.thereweremoregoldinthebranchesthanintheroots
D.therewerelargeramountsofgoldintheseedsgrowingnearesttothetreetrunkthanseedsgrowingontheendsofbranches.
3.Whichisthebesttitle?
A.Scientistssearchingformetalswithspecialpower
B.Anewmethodofsearchingforminerals---usingtreesandplants
C.Newmethodsofsearchingforminerals
D.Goldcouldbefoundbytreesandplants
4.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedaspartofatreethatcanhelpfindminerals?
A.rootsB.branchesC.leavesD.seeds
5.Thescientistsweresearchingformineralsbyusing______.
A.X-rayB.magicpowerC.trainedeyesD.aspecialinstrument
B
SittingonthepeacefulcoastofGalapagosIslands.Ecuador,watchingthesunmovequietlyintothesea,youshouldn’tforgetthatCharlesDarwin(1809-1882)arrivedherein1835.Hestayedontheislandsforfiveweeks,observingvariousanimals.Thisfinallyinspired(启发)hisfamouswork,OntheOriginof
Species.YoucancertainlyfollowDarwin’sfootstepsandenjoyatripfromfourtosevendaystotheislands.
Theislandsarecertainlyaparadise(天堂)forwildlife,astherearenonaturalkillersontheislandsandthenumberofboatsandvisitorsisundergovernmentcontrol.ThoughyoucannotwalkfreelyasDarwindidabout200yearsago,eachdayisasimpressiveasitcouldbe.
Themostwell-knownanimalsoftheGalapagosisthegianttortoise(巨型海龟)，whichcanbeseenmovingslowlyaroundthehighlandsofSantaCruz,thesecondlargestislandinthearchipelago(群岛).SomeofthesecreaturesaresooldthattheymighthavebeenintheiryouthbyDarwinhimself.
Despitestrictcontroloveractivitiesandtiming,yourstayontheGalapagoswillberememberedasachainofincomparablepictures;divingwithsealionsthatswimandplaywithininchesofyou;feelingsmallsharkstouchyourfeetasyouswim;andmostmagically,seeingawhaleandherbabysurfacewithagreatbreathofair.
TravellingbetweentheislandsandobservingthewildlifethatsoinspiredDarwin,soyouwillfeelasthoughyouaregettingaspecialviewofanuntouchedworld.Atnightyouwillsleeponboardtheship,leavingthewildlifeincompleteoccupationoftheislands,whichareasundisturbednowastheyhavebeensincethebeginningoftime.
6.WhatdoweknowaboutDarwin’svisittotheislands?
A.Hecompletedhisfamousbookontheislands
B.Hestudieddifferentcreaturesontheislands
C.Hewastouchedbythegeographyoftheislands
D.Hewasattractedbywell-knownanimalsoftheislands
7.whichofthefollowingplaysaroleinmakingtheislands“aparadiseforwildlife”?
A.Animalsontheislandsfeedongrass.
B.Localgovernmentforbidskillingwildlife.
C.Touristsarenotallowedtotouchtheanimals.
D.Peoplecannotvisittheislandsastheywish.
8.Yourstayontheislandswillbemostimpressivemainlybecauseof.
A.acloserviewofanimalsB.Darwin’sinspiringtrip
C.thebeautifulseaviewsD.variousdaringactivities
9.whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.CharlesDarwinasaSymbolofGalapagos
B.GalapagosasaParadiseforAdventures
C.AUniqueAttractionforWildlifeLovers
D.ASuccessfulExampleofWildlifeProtection
C
RESUME(履历)
DOUGLASV.FERNETTI
Address:636RugarStreetJoliet,Illinois60451
DateofBirth:June5,1960
Height:6'Weight:195lbs.Health:Excellent
Phone:309876–0012Married:HelenSon:Jim(2)
EXPERIENCE
1978to1983:JolietBridgeCompany,Joliet,Illinois.
Beganasalearnerandbecameaccomplishedjourney-manpatternmaker.
1983toPresent:JolietBridgeCompany,Joliet,Illinois.
PromotedtoForman,PatternDivision.Responsibilitiesincludethesupervisionoffourteenpersonnel,maintainingworkschedulesandmakingassignments,maintainingstockinventories,andsupervisingtwolearners.
PERSONALACTIVITIES
From1979to1983attendedeveningschoolinordertocompletehighschooleducation.ReceivedH.S.DiplomafromtheStateUniversityofIllinoisin1983.Since1983haveattendedeveningclassesatJolietCommunityCollege.Havecompletedeighteensemesterhourscreditwithninehoursinpersonnelmanagement.Otheractivitiesincluderegularchurchatten
dance,memberofELKS,andhelpwithLittleLeague.
PERSONALSTATEMENT
AlthoughIhavebeenveryhappyatJolietBridgeandhavehadexcellentopportunity,itisnecessarythatImovemyfamilyduetomyson'sallergies(过敏症).Inthisrespect,desireapositionintheSouthwestUnitedStates.Iamwillingtoconsiderapositionasapatternmaker,tool-and-diemaker,orasasupervisor.Mymajorattributesaremyreliabilityandloyaltytomycompanyandmyabilitytoworkwithothers.
REFERENCES
Referencesareavailableuponrequest.
10.WhatdoesDouglasdoatpresentinJolietBridgeCompany?
A.Patternmaker.B.Learner.
C.MemberofELKS.D.LeaderofPatternDivision.
11.WhatwasDouglasdoingin1982?
A.StudyingatJolietCommunityCollegeB.WorkinginJolietBridgeCompany.
C.HelpingwithLittleLeague.D.A,BandC.
12.WhydoesDouglaswanttoleaveJolietBridgeCompany?
A.Becauseheisnotsatisfiedwithhispresentjob.
B.Becausehehasnotbeensuccessfulinthecompany.
C.BecausehissonisnotusedtotheweatherinIllinois.
D.Becausehedoesnotgetalongwellwithhiscolleagues
13.IfyouwanttoknowtheageofDouglas'son,whatcanyoudo?
A.Finditintheresume.B.Telephone309876-0012.
C.AskhiswifeHelen.D.Writeto636RugarStreet.
D
WHATcanhelpyoumakeafortuneinthefuture?Graduatingfromatopuniversitymightnotbeenough.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofEssexinBritainhasshownthatthemorefriendsyouhaveinschool,themoremoneyyou’llearnlater.
Theideathatpopularitycouldhaveaseriousinfluenceonone’searningpotentialshouldn’tcomeastoomuchofasurprise.Theresearchersnotedthatifyouwanttogetaheadinlife,socialskillsandnetworkingareeasilyaspowerfulastalentandhardwork.
“Ifapersonhaslotsoffriends,itmeansthatheorshehastheabilitytogetalongwithothersinallkindsofdifferentsituations,”saidXuYanchun,17,fromNantouHighSchoolinShenzhen,whototallyagreedwiththerecentfinding.“Also,friendsalwayshelpeachother.Theynotonlycreatewidersocialcirclesforyoubutliftyourmoodwhenyouareoccasionallyinlowspirits,”saidXu.Shebelievedthatallthishelpsyou“earnahighersalary.”
Maybethat’swhysomepeoplethinktheyoungergenerationsareintheageofFriendalholism(交友狂症)?AwomanevencomplainedthatthenetworkingwebsiteFacebook’s5,000-friendlimitwastoolowforherlargereserveofsocialcontacts.
Butwhatdoesfriendmean?Shouldfriendsberegardedasaformofcurrency?
“Callmeuncool,butIthinkofafriendasanactualpersonwithwhomIhaveanactualhistoryandwhomIenjoyactuallyseeing.Itseems,however,thatthisisnolongerthedefinitionoffriend”,saidMeghanDaum,whoworkswithTheLosAngelesTimesintheUS.
Daumdislikestheideathatquantitytrumpsqualityintheageoffriendaholism.Shethoughttheideaoffriendship,atleastamongthegrowingpopulationofInternetsocialnetworkers,wastogetasmanyofnot-really-friendsaspossible.Forexample,afriendmightbesomeoneyoumightknowpersonallybutwhocouldjustaseasilybethefriendofafriendofsomeotherFacebookfriendsyo
udon’tactuallyknow.Althoughsheagreedthatsocialtiesgrease(润滑)thewheelsoflife,shealsowarned.“Toobadonethingmoneycan’tbuyisarealfriend.”
14.WhatcanfriendsdointheeyesofXuYanchun?
A.Theycanhelpyouwithyourschoolwork.
B.Theyhelpyoutogetridofsadnessandcheerup.
C.Theyteachyouhowtomakemoremoney.
D.Theyintroducetheirfriendstoyou.
15.Whatwillbeneededifyouaretoachievesuccessaccordingtotheresearchers?
A.Socialskills,friends,goodmoodandfortune.
B.Socialskills,talent,hardworkandthefacebook.
C.Socialskills,networking,potentialandfortune.
D.Socialskills,networking,talentandhardwork.
16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trumps”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.isworsethanB.isequaltoC.isbetterthanD.issimilarto
E
Fortyyearsago,RachelCarsondiedandthePittsburgharealostperhapsitsmostinfluentialcitizen.AnativeofaPennsylvaniaCollegeforWomengraduate,Carsonpublished“SilentSpring”in1962,aworkthatlaunchedthemodernenvironmentalmovementandledtothecreationoftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)aswellasthepassageofourmajorenvironmentallaws.
However,therehasbeenapuzzlingandtroublingtrendinrecentyears:anattackonhertheorybyconservativesandtheagrochemical(农用化学品)industry.Forexample,RushLimbaughgavethefollowingquiz:“Whocausedmoredeaths:AdolfHitlerorRachelCarson?”Limbaugh'sanswerwasCarson,duetotheapproximately100milliondeathsfrommalaria(疟疾)since1972,theyearinwhichthepesticide(杀虫剂)DDTwasbannedforuseintheUnitedStatesinpartasaresultof“SilentSpring.”
Therefore,onthis40thanniversaryofCarson'sdeath,weneedtotakeascientificlookatthemythsthatremainaboutpesticides.
Myth1:Pesticideusagehasdeclinedsince1962.Infact,pesticideusagehasmorethandoubledsince1962,andtheglobalpesticideindustrycurrentlyusesover2.5milliontonsofpesticideseachyear.EvenDDTisstillusedabroad.
Myth2:Pesticidesaresafe.Infact,asCarsonwarnedus,thesepoisonouschemicalsareunsafesincetheyaredesignedtokillbiologicalorganisms,butareoftennotspecificintheirtargets.Pesticideexposurecancauseskinirritation,headache,cancerandevendeath.AccordingtotheWHO,over25millionpeopleayearindevelopingcountriessuffersevereacutepesticidepoisoningswithover20,000deaths.
Ofthe80,000pesticidesandotherchemicalsinusetoday,10percentarerecognizedascarcinogens(致癌物质).Accordingtorecentstudies,braincancerratesarefivetimeshigherinhomeswith“no-pest”stripsandsixtimeshigherinhomeswherepetswearfleacollars(杀蚤颈圈).Ourhomeshavepesticideconcentrations10to100timeshigherthanoutdoors.
So,ifCarsonwerewithustoday,stillbattlingtheagrochemicalindustrythatspentmillionsofdollars,whatwouldshebeadvocating?Ifeelconfidentthatshewouldbeastrongsupporterofanewprincipleofchemicalassessment.
Simplyput,thisprinciplerequiresproducersofpesticidestoprovethattheyaresafeandnecessarybeforetheyareputonthemarket.Ourcurrentsystemputstheburdenofproofongovernmentandscientiststoprovethatapesticideisdangerousandposesan“unacceptablerisk”beforeitcanbepulledfromthemarket.
17.LimbaughattackedCarsonbecausehethoughtthat_____.
A.shewassupportingtheproductionofpoisonouspesticides
B.“SilentSpring”hadcausedinpartthe100milliondeathsfrommalaria
C.“SilentSpring”wasoriginatedfromHitler’swritings
D.shehadnotcaredforthe100milliondeathsfrommalaria
18.WhichofthefollowingisthecontentofMyth1?
A.Theusageofpesticideshasbeendroppingsince1962.
B.2.5milliontonsofpesticideshavebeenproducedsince1962.
C.Theproductionofpesticideshasdoubledduringthepast40years.
D.Pesticideshavebecomelesspoisonoussince1962.
19.Theauthormentions“fleacollars”inthesixthparagraphtoindicate_____.
A.pesticidescontributetothedevelopmentofcancer
B.thecloseconnectionbetweenthemanddogcancerrates
C.fleacollarscontributetohighpesticideconcentrationsindoors
D.themedicaleffectoffleacollarsondogs
20.Whatisthesuggestednewpracticeofchemicalassessment?
A.Governmentshouldproveapesticideisunsafe.
B.Scientistsshouldberesponsibleforwritingassessmentreports.
C.Aspecialcommitteeshouldbesetupforchemicalassessment.
D.Producersofpesticidesshouldprovideproofoftheirsafety.
参考答案
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