以–ly结尾的形容词总结 本文关键词:形容词,结尾,ly
以–ly结尾的形容词总结 本文简介:以–ly结尾的形容词总结大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。改错:(错)Shesanglovely.(错)Hespoketomeveryfriendly.(对)Hersin
以–ly结尾的形容词总结 本文内容:
以–ly结尾的形容词总结
大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但
friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
改错:
(错)
She
sang
lovely.
(错)
He
spoke
to
me
very
friendly.
(对)
Her
singing
was
lovely.
(对)
He
spoke
to
me
in
a
very
friendly
way.
friendly友好的---a
friendly
smile友好的微笑
fatherly像父亲的---a
fatherly
teacher一位父亲式的教师
lovely可爱的---a
lovely
girl一位可爱的姑娘
lively活泼的---a
lively
child一位活泼的小孩
lonely孤独的---a
lonely
traveller一位孤独的旅客
deadly致命的---a
deadly
blow致命的一击
silly傻的,无聊的---a
silly
question愚蠢的问题
orderly秩序的---an
orderly
mind有条不紊的头脑
manly男子气概的---a
manly
person具有男子气概的人
daily每日的---daily
work日常工作
weekly每星期的---a
weekly
magazine周刊
yearly每年的---a
yearly
income年收入daily,monthly,early
smell-smelly
adj.发臭的,有臭味的
sound-soundly
完好地;
健全地;
稳健地;
坚固地;
彻底地;
正确地;
确实地,厉害地,酣畅地berate
sb.
soundly痛骂某人一顿
稍懂一点英语的人都知道英语中以-ly结尾的词大多为副词,但有些以-ly结尾的词并不是副词.如:
名词后+-ly构成形容词的用法。
形容词+ly
动词+ly也可以构成形容词(已知以-ly结尾的形容词共有八十多个)。
本文拟就教材中的某些原句和常见的以-ly结尾的形容词的某些特点及其用法,谈谈个人的一些看法。
I.
名词+ly构成的形容词
这一类形容词的词义一般可以从相应的名词的词义中推出来,意思是“具有…性质或特点的。
如:
1.
Her
lips
were
set
in
a
gentle
and
saintly
smile.
她的嘴角上总是挂着一丝温柔,圣洁的
微笑。
2.
She
wears
a
pair
of
glasses,which
gives
her
a
scholarly
look.
凯西戴着一副眼镜,
使她看起来象一个学者。
3.
The
local
people
are
always
friendly
to
visitors.
当地人对来访者总是很友好的。
4.
The
nightly
bulletin
on
television
adopted
a
map
of
the
country
to
record
the
number
of
jobs
lost
in
a
week.
电视台的晚间新闻显示了全国一周内各地失业人数的情况。
常见的这类形容词还有:
manly(男子气概的)
fatherly(父亲般的)
brotherly(兄弟般的)
cowardly(懦夫般的)
beastly(野兽般的)
ghostly(鬼一样的)
orderly(整洁的)等等。
另外,少数名词+ly构成的形容词在词义上与相应的名词稍有不同,如:
1)sight情景,奇观,
a
sad
sight悲惨的景象;
sightly悦目的,漂亮的,
sightly
calligraphy悦目的书法,
sightly
building漂亮的建筑物
2)shape形状,外形;
shapely样子好看的,匀称的
II.
形容词+ly构成的形容词
这类形容词与相应的不带-ly的形容词词义相近,但略有差异,使用时应格外注意。如:
5.
She
is
taking
care
of
her
sick
child.
她正在照料她有病的孩子。
6.
He
is
a
sickly
child.
她是个多病的孩子。
7.
His
hands
are
clean.
他的双手是干净的。
8.
She
is
a
cleanly
girl,who
always
keeps
her
room
clean.
她是个爱干净的姑娘,总是保持她的房间整洁。
以上sick,sickly和
clean,cleanly两对形容词中,
sick表示“暂时生病的”,clean表示“暂时干净的”。因此sick和clean表示的是“一时”的现象。
Sickly表示“体弱多病的,好生病的”,
cleanly表示“注意清洁的,有清洁习惯的”。因此sickly和cleanly表示的是“惯常的趋向”。
不过,在下面两组例句中,有-ly与没有-ly的形容词词义相去甚远,几乎毫不相干。如:
9.
Tom
lives
in
a
low
cottage.
汤姆住在一座很低的小屋里。
10.The
farmer
lives
in
a
lowly
cottage.
这个农夫住在一间卑劣的小屋里。
11.That
s
a
good
book.
那是一本好书。
12.The
old
lady
has
a
good
sum
of
money.
那位老妪有相当大一笔钱。
III.
一部分以-ly结尾的形容词,既可以作形容词用,又可以作副词用。
如:
13.You
have
a
kindly
heart
that
understands
without
explanation.
(形容词)
你有一颗善良的心,不用我解释你就能理解。
14.Because
the
old
woman
spoke
so
kindly,the
girl
took
heart.
(副词)
老妇人说的恳切和蔼,姑娘振作了起来。
15.They
soon
came
to
regard
the
white
settlers
as
their
deadly
enemy.
(形容词)
他们不久便把白人殖民者看作是他们的死敌。
16.After
traveling
two
days
by
boat,I
was
deadly
tired
and
sleepy.
(副词)
乘小船旅行两天后,我累极了,也困极了。
这类形容词还有:
ghastly
a.&
ad.可怕的(地),
rascally
a.&
ad.
无赖的(地),
slovenly
a.&
ad.
邋遢的(地),等。
注意:
有些以-ly结尾的形容词不能用作副词。用英文写作时要特别注意,切不可想当然。如:
homely(家常的,质朴的);
earthly(地球的,人间的);
shapely(样子好看的);
comely(标致的,秀丽的);
costly(昂贵的)等。
17.She
is
homely
and
motherly.
她为人质朴,犹如慈母。
18.No
earthly
person
can
do
what
he
pleases.
尘世间没有一个人能随心所欲地行事。
IV.
动词+ly构成的形容词
此类形容词极少,如:
seemly适宜的,合乎礼仪的
19.Young
people
should
address
their
elders
in
a
seemly
manner.
年轻人对长辈说话应合乎礼仪。
V.实用例句:
最常见的以-ly结尾的形容词,而不是副词有:brotherly,costly,cowardly,deadly,fatherly,friendly,lively,lonely,lovely,manly,motherly,silly,sisterly,ugly,unfriendly,unlikely,womanly
等。
1.
brotherly
The
older
boy
gave
the
newcomer
some
brotherly
advice.
那个年龄大一点的男孩给新来的孩子一些亲兄弟似的忠告。
Brotherly
love
is
based
on
the
experience
that
we
are
all
one.
手足情爱建立在我们大家心连心、团结如一人这种经历的基础上。
2.
costly
It
would
be
too
costly
to
repair
the
car.
修理这辆汽车要花很多钱。
The
long
and
costly
strike
proved
to
be
the
last
nail
in
the
company
s
coffin.
长期罢工损失巨大致使该公司一蹶不振。
3.
cowardly
It
was
cowardly
of
you
not
to
admit
your
mistake.
你不承认错误就不是好样儿的。
Sending
anonymous
letters
is
a
cowardly
act.
寄匿名信是懦夫的行为。
She
accused
the
government
of
a
cowardly
surrender
to
big-business
interests.
她指责政府畏首畏尾屈从于大企业的利益。
4.
deadly
It
is
a
deadly
poison.
它是一种致命的毒药。
She
uses
wit
with
deadly
effect.她聪明机智,使人难以招架。
deadly
adj.致命的,势不两立的,死一般的,极度的,必定的
The
conference
was
deadly
dull.会议开得死气沉沉的。
5.
elderly
He
s
very
active
for
an
elderly
man.
按老年人来说,他非常活跃。
He
s
caring
for
his
elderly
parents.
他正照顾着年迈的父母。
It
was
gracious
of
the
Queen
to
speak
to
the
elderly
patients.
女王和蔼可亲地慰问年老的病人。
6.
fatherly
He
is
a
fatherly
old
doctor.
他是个慈祥的老大夫。
Suddenly
Jack
smiled
and
slipped
back
into
his
fatherly
role.
杰克突然微微一笑,又摆起了慈父的姿态。
7.
friendly
He’s
a
very
talkative,friendly
man.
他是一个非常健谈、和善的人。
They
spoke
to
one
another
in
a
very
friendly
manner.
他们态度十分和善地彼此交谈。
The
people
were
friendly
wherever
we
went.
不管走到哪儿,人们都对我们很友好。
8.
lively
She
s
twice
as
lively
as
her
sister.
她比她姐姐活跃一倍。
The
band
played
a
lively
tune.
乐队演奏了一支轻快的乐曲。
He
s
not
very
friendly
towards
newcomers.
他对新来的人不太友好。
9.
lonely
You
can
be
alone
without
being
lonely.
你可以独处而不感到寂寞。
He
has
so
few
friends
that
his
life
is
lonely.
他的朋友很少,因此他的生活非常孤单。
She
avoids
lonely
streets.
She
is
afraid
of
being
robbed.
她避免在没人的马路上行走。她怕遭抢劫。
10.
lovely
It’s
a
lovely
day
indeed.
天气的确很好啊。
Spring
is
a
lovely
season.
春天是怡人的季节。
This
is
a
lovely
party.
这个晚会真好。
11.
manly
Football
is
a
manly
sport.
足球是一项激烈的体育运动。
He
looks
very
manly
in
his
uniform.
他穿着制服十分精神。
12.
motherly
Her
motherly
kindness
attaches
us
all
to
her.
她像母亲一般仁慈,我们大家都很依恋她。
13.
silly
It
sounds
silly.
这话听起来很愚蠢。
It
was
silly
to
believe
him.
相信他的话是愚蠢的。
That’s
rather
a
silly
question.
那是个相当愚蠢的问题。
14.
sisterly
She
had
a
true
sisterly
feeling
for
her
brother.
她对兄长怀有真正的骨肉之情。
The
sisterly
chat
between
the
two
of
them
lasted
till
midnight.
她们俩之间的亲密交谈一直继续到半夜。
15.
ugly
The
baby’s
less
ugly
than
you.
这孩子不像你那么丑。
The
ugly
frog
became
a
handsome
prince.
丑陋的青蛙变成了英俊的王子。
16.
unfriendly
I
felt
that
she
wets
unfriendly.
我觉得她不友好。
Tom
is
very
unfriendly
to
me
as
well.
汤姆对我也很不友善。
I
find
her
very
aloof
and
unfriendly.
我觉得她非常冷淡,不好相处。
Do
not
think
that
Americans
are
in
such
a
hurry
that
they
are
unfriendly.
不要认为美国人如此匆忙是不友善的。
17.
unlikely
Seeing
that
he’s
ill,he’s
unlikely
to
come.
他既然有病,那就不大可能来了。
The
job
is
unlikely
to
be
finished
in
a
year.
这工作一年之内不见得能完成。
They
are
unlikely
to
stay
in
power
after
the
next
election.
下次选举之后他们不太可能继续执政。
18.
womanly
They
give
away
the
fact
that
they
haven
t
the
instincts
of
a
womanly
woman.
她们泄露了一个事实,那就是她们不具有女性的本能。
She
went,with
her
neat
figure,and
her
womanly
step,down
the
dark
street.
她顺着黑暗的街道走去,显出利落匀称的身材,迈着端庄的女人的步子。