最新范文 方案 计划 总结 报告 体会 事迹 讲话 倡议书 反思 制度 入党

初三年级英语总复习计划

日期:2020-06-15  类别:最新范文  编辑:一流范文网  【下载本文Word版

初三年级英语总复习计划 本文关键词:英语,总复习,计划

初三年级英语总复习计划 本文简介:初三年级英语总复习计划第一部分:分类复习和答题技巧第二部分:综合练习与查缺补漏第三部分:答疑解惑及自主学习第一部分:分类复习和答题技巧分类复习是系统的将初中阶段学生所学的知识进行归类。比如说,冠词;名词;代词;数词;形容词和副词;介词和连词;非谓语动词;宾语从句和间接引语;状语从句和主谓语时态的呼应

初三年级英语总复习计划 本文内容:

初三年级英语总复习计划

第一部分:分类复习和答题技巧

第二部分:综合练习与查缺补漏

第三部分:答疑解惑及自主学习

第一部分:分类复习和答题技巧

分类复习是系统的将初中阶段学生所学的知识进行归类。比如说,冠词;名词;代词;数词;形容词和副词;介词和连词;非谓语动词;宾语从句和间接引语;状语从句和主谓语时态的呼应;定语从句,动词的时态和语态等等。

这些语法知识学生在初中阶段已经接触过,在复习时可以根据学生平时掌握的程度适当的调整教学进度。浅显易懂的地方可以加快复习速度。容易出错的地方或较难的地方速度稍微放慢一些。

(一)

冠词

冠词是英语中使用频率最高的一类词。在阅读中冠词无处不在,在书面表达中,冠词需频繁使用。冠词的使用有一定的规则,但灵活多变和固定搭配的情况较多,因此正确掌握冠词不容易。由于冠词是典型的限定词,本身不能单独使用,只能附在一个名词前帮助说明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有定冠词the

和不定冠词a(an)和零冠词。

定冠词the

表示名词为特定者。相当于“this,these,that,those”的意思,但较弱。在可数名词单、复数前和不可数名词前都可以用:the

book,the

books,the

water。

不定冠词

a

(an)只用在可数名词单数前:a

bok,a

piece

of

paper,a

useful

book,;an

apple,an

hour。

零冠词(不用冠词):英语中还有不少情况,名词前既不用定冠词,也不用不定冠词。这种现象,称为零冠词。由于汉语中没有冠词的概念,加之冠词的使用比较灵活,因此学生们在学习英语中,很容易出现冠词错误。

(二)

名词

名词在句子中主要作主语、宾语和表语。英语中的名词很有几个特点是汉语中没有的。

名词分为普通名词和专有名词。普通名词分为下列四类:

个体名词:teacher,house,day,…

集体名词:people,family,police,…

物质名词:

water,paper,tea,air,gold,bread,milk.

抽象名词:health,peace,friendship,youth,knowledge.

专有名词表示个别的人、事物、地点专有的名称,第一个字母要大写。如:Mary,China,the

Great

Wall,the

Spring

Festival.

普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词:个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。

不可数名词:物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词。

名词的重点是名词复数的变化和名词的格。

在名词复数的变化中特别要注意以o结尾的,加es的情况:

可以把它编成顺口溜:英雄喜欢吃西红柿和土豆,heroes

like

eating

tomatoes

and

potaoes.这样学生一下子就记住了。

(三)

代词

英语中的代词有人称代词、物质代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词和连接代词。人称代词有主格、宾格;物主代词又分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。由于汉语中的代词没有这么复杂,因此学生使用英语中的代词时容易出错。

可以用编口诀之类的方法来记忆。(幻灯片播放巧记代词的口诀)。

(四)

数词

在复习数词的时候要注意:

1)基数词和序数词的区别:one,two,three,first,second,third

2)准确的数和“数以…计”

的区别:two

hundred,hundreds

of

3)准确的数和“…的…”的区别:three

thousand

words,ninety

years

od,five

meters

long

Three-

thousand

–world,ninety-year-old,five

–meter-long

4)准确的数和年代的区别:1999(one

thousand,nine

hundred

and

ninety)(nineteen

ninety-nine)

5)

分数:one

third,two

thirds,a

half,a

quarter,three

quarters.

6)20世纪90年代(1990s);在他50

多岁时(in

his

fifties)

(五)

形容词和副词

形容词用来修饰名词和代词,表示任何事物的性质和特征。副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词。不少副词是adj+ly

组成的。

1)

形容词、副词兼有的词:well,(adi,身体好;adv,很好地),hard(adj,硬的;困难的;努力地),

fast(adj,快的;adv,快地),early(adj,早的;adv.早地),late(adj,迟的;迟),loud(adj,高声的;adv,高声),nearby(adj,附近的,adv,在附近),straight(adj,直的,adv,直地),high(adj,高的,adv,高);pretty(可爱的,漂亮的,adv,相当)。

2)

半系动词+形容词

Look

/sound/smell/taste/feel+adj

3)hardly不是hard

的副词。Hardly

是“几乎不”的意思;作形容词用是“硬的”、“难的”的意思。做副词用时“努力地”的意思。

4)daily,lovely,friendly(n+ly)等是形容词,不是副词。

(六)

介词

介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。介词还可和不少动词和形容词固定搭配形成动词短语和形容词短语。按介词的意思,介词可以分成:

1)

表示时间的介词:after,at,

before,between,by,during,for,from…to…,in,on,….

2)

表示方位的介词:at,in,along,on,to,towards,into,onto,behind,in

front

of,in

the

front

of,…

3)

表示方式的介词:by

bus,in

English,with

a

pen,like

his

mother,a

friend

of

mine,4)

介词短语在句子中主要作三种成分:

a.

介词短语作状语:We

usually

do

our

homework

in

the

evening.

b.

介词短语作表语:They

are

in

the

classroom

.

c.

介词短语作定语:The

people

in

the

meeting

room

are

all

teachers.

(七)

连词

英语中有单句、并列句和主从复合句三种结构。单句是基础,并列句和复合句由两个以上的单句构成。连词是并列句和复合句必不可少的一类词,可见掌握连词的重要性。

1)

并列连词

2)

从属连词

3)

特别注意几个常用并列连词的区别:

Both…and….其后谓语通常用复数,not

only…but

also强调的是but

also

之后部分。

4)

就近原则:either…or,neither…nor

5)

就远原则:as

well

as,with.

(八)从句

主要讲“定语从句”。

“定语从句”在讲解时可以把它归类,比如,哪些要用“that”,哪些要不用that,而用which,who,

whom的情况。在非限制性定语从句中,指事物用which,指人用who或whom。在介词后面,指事物用which,指人用whom。名词/代词/数词+

of

+

which/whom。

如何判断介词:1.看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配.

2.看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配。

3.根据先行词判断所用的介词与先行词搭配。(幻灯片播放)

(九)时态

时态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态主要让学生掌握八个时态的时间状语以及关键词。

第二部分

综合练习与查缺补漏

在这一部分复习的过程中,教师可以把各个题型先单独训练然后再进行综合,然后对于练习中出现的问题进行及时订正,特别是普遍性错误。要在课堂上作为重点进行讲解。

(一)

口语听力训练

口语听力题型是今年新改的题型,在训练的时候可以着重训练第三、第四和第五题。因为第一题很简单,第二题可以和解释句子一起训练。第三题,请你根据实际情况和所提供的情境完成对话。教师平时在口语课上可以给学生创设一个场景,然后让学生进行对话练习,前期训练时可以让学生自己编对话,到后期时进行提高,可以在原来对话的基础上创设出3个特殊疑问句并给出答案。这样学生的水平就上升到一个高度。学生的回答可以是简单句,一个单词,一个词组都可以。

第四题听短文回答问题,在训练的时候,要告诉学生应该注意的事项:

1.要作好良好的心理准备.考试前,对听力测试要有自信心,态度要沉着,以便进入最佳应试状态.调整好心理状态,心情要平静,精神要饱满,注意力要集中,否则平时听力不错的同学也会发挥不出实际水平。

2.学会抓住文章的关键字.听整段文章或对话时,要重视其中的4W,即Who(人物),Where(地点),When(时间),与What(活动)等。在这四个要素中,学生往往不太重视人名,这是十分错误的。比如听对话理解:

Where

did

you

do

yesterday

evening,Mary?I

looked

for

you

everywhere.

Sorry,Tom.

I

went

shopping

with

my

mother

then.

这段话的关键线索是:玛丽购物,汤姆四处寻找,只有在听清人名的前提下,才能有把握地回答出:Where

did

Mary

do

yesterday

evening?的问题。有些常见的英美人名如:Mike,Mary,Ann,Rose,Peter,John,Joe,Joan等,既要弄清其确切的发音,还要弄清是男性还是女性。又如:听力测试中,常常会出现一些数字及有关名词,如hundred(百),hours(钟点),prices(价目),size(尺码)等,这些均需要应试人特别留意。数词中,较容易混淆的有;十几与几十,如sixteen与sixty.以及千以上的数字,学生往往反应较慢,训练时必须抓住hundred,thousand和million这些关键词,使一听到twenty-four

thousand,便能反应出两万四千。

3.

正确处理听音过程中的生词.

当听到生词或已经忘记了的词时,千万别将思维停留在这个词上,老是在想它到底是哪个字、是什么意思,而应让它过去,然后集中注意力听后面的内容。否则前面的没抓住,后面的又跑掉。特别是听短文回答问题更是如此,要抓住整体内容。实际上,个别生词并不一定会影响我们对全句、全文的理解,有时候你会通过上下文推测其意义。千万别让个别生词影响对全句、全段的理解。

4.养成良好的听音习惯

不要边听边“心译“.心译是十分有害的习惯,如听一段含A、B、C、D四句的文章,若你听完句后,心译A句为汉语,那么你会错过B句的前半部分;因为录音中A句念完后,不会停留太长的时间。同学们在平时听音时就应戒除心译习惯。

5.学会做简单的笔记

在测试时,有时一次需要听的内容较长,要点难以一下子全部记住,学生可边听边作一些十分简单的记忆.记录且记面面俱到,只须记下少数关系词.记法也不必很正规,可以采用缩写字母,汉字,甚至于用只有你一个人懂的符号来记。在听短文填词时,由于语速较快,学生很难同步记下听到的每个需要填写的单词.可不妨先在草稿纸上写出相关单词的第一个字母,然后再设法逐一眷正。学会记简单的笔记对于回答文章有关的问题会有很大帮助。

第五题,看图说话

由于看图说话是听力口语考试中最难得一道题,学生平时如果没有进行充分的训练,那么学生在考试时就会出现卡带现象。在训练时,要交给学生,先看清图的内容,确定时态,人称,地点,事件。还要先弄清楚文章的开头和结尾。比如:皮特昨天在回家的路上,在地上发现了一块手表,它把表捡起来了,他问谁的表,可是没人回答,最后他把表交给了警察。根据这个场景,可以确定文章用过去时态,然后结尾可以用感叹句结尾。

Peter

went

to

school

by

bike

Yesterday,on

his

way

to

school

he

found

a

watch

on

the

ground….,…What

a

kind

boy

he

is!

(二)

单项选择

单项选择里面包括了很多词类和从句,固定搭配,习惯用语等。因此在训练时要注意在出训练题时,除了要把基础知识和容易出错的题练到外,还要反复强调那些重点和难点的知识点。消除知识盲点。

(三)

完型填空

完型填空是语言综合能力考查题。在初中英语中考中,考生在这一题上失分率很高。近几年深圳市“中考说明”强调完型填空“重点考查考生对短文上下文的理解”。在10个选项中,选择能符合上下文语境和意义要求的选项。题材以故事性题材居多,还有科普小品、文化、体育、风土人情、人物、史地等。命题注重语境性和综合性。中考完型填空的命题特点为:

1.

)设空以考查文章为主,信息词汇(名词、动词、形容词和副词)比重较大。也有考查连词的题,考查考生对行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解。

2.

)降低对单词本身词义的考查要求,以突出本题的主要测试目的:理解全文,通篇考虑,掌握大意,注意关联。

3.

)注意结合文章考查对词语用法的掌握,主要涉及两个方面:词义辨析与惯用搭配。同义词与近义词的比较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义,才能分辨出他们的细微差别。

4.

)题目的类型可以分为:

a.

语言知识型,比如各种语法规则、句型、句式等,测试单词在一定的语境下的基本用法、习惯用法、常用搭配以及对其词义的记忆或其特定意义的理解和运用。

b.

判断推理型,考查对篇章的整体理解、上下文段落的衔接、逻辑思维与推力能力。

c.

综合型,即对知识和能力综合的考察。

解题方法建议;

1.

通读全文,掌握大意。

由于完型填空属障碍性阅读,所以抓住文章的首句(首段)和尾句(尾段),对把握文章的主旨大意很有帮助,首先看一下文章的首句和尾句,使自己心中对全文有个大概的印象,然后再去通读全文。注意力要集中在文章的主线(或中心词)、了解文章内容,从而确定进行推断、选择的基本思路。如果一开始就忙于见一个空填一个空,势必无法从整体上把握全文概要,造成顾此失彼,既影响准确率,也影响做题速度。

2.

综合考虑,逐项填空。

综合考虑指的是根据全文大意和词不离文的原则,把上下文的意思、句法结构、词类和语法功能、惯用法、逻辑推理、常识等各种因素加以综合考虑,仔细推敲。要准确判断出题目的类型。语法知识类较多地表现为动词时态、语态的选用;词语知识方面的题目要从词性、词形区分,同义词语辨析、习惯搭配、习惯用语、结构词选择等方面考虑;情景推理题要注意跳出句子层次,注意句间的结构,意义上的连接和照应关系,有时还应在段与段之间、情节与情节之间或更大范围内上下文照应,因此对短文的总体把握对每一格空的正确解答非常重要。

3.

复读全文,消除疏漏。

全部题目初步完成之后,要把全文复读一遍,复读时根据语感和对全篇文章的理解,检查全文是否前后贯通,再次将不合意的答案调整或修改;如果实在无法确定,可以作推理性猜测,不可放弃不填。

(四)

阅读

中考英语“阅读理解”题主要考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力,包括阅读能力、理解能力、归纳概括能力、逻辑推理能力。在中考的阅读理解中应注意以下几个问题:

1)

了解阅读理解的命题特点

2)

熟悉阅读理解答题步骤

3)

掌握阅读理解的解题技巧

从近几年的中考试卷来看,中考英语主要考查以下几个方面:

1)

考查文章的主旨和大意的能力。

Which

is

the

best

title

of

the

passage?

Which

of

the

following

is

this

passage

about?

In

this

passage

the

writer

tries

to

tell

us

that____

The

passage

tells

us

that____

This

passage

mainly

talks

about______

如何获取段落的主旨和大意?最有效的办法是找出主题句,这对理解整段文章很有帮助。一般情况下主题句常在段落的开头,即作者先点出中心思想,然后再作进一步的拓展。有的主题句出现在段落末尾,即作者先列举一些事实或论据,然后才把中心思想点出来。如果没有明显的主题句,就只能在充分阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章作出归纳、概括才能得出。但要注意不能断章取义、就事论事,而要透彻理解、明晰作者的意图。

2)

考查学生把握文章的事实和细节的能力

在阅读理解中,有相当一部份是考查细节和事实的题目,这类题目相对容易一些。其主要提问方式是:

Which

of

the

following

is

wright?

Which

of

the

following

is

not

mentioned?

Which

of

the

following

is

NOT

true

in

the

passage?

Choose

the

right

order

of

this

passage

From

this

passage

we

know______

解此题时要注意掌握细节内容。细节内容用于说明和解析中心思想,为中心思想提供例证、数据、事实、解释和定义等。有时,细节还包括时间、地点、任务、原因等。这些题有两个共同的特点:

a.凡属针对特定细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分。这一部分可能是一个词或短语,也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子,但句式、用词和表达方式不同。

b.干扰项往往是主题思想与细节混淆,正确答案细节和非正式答案的细节混杂。因此,要做好阅读理解中确定细节和事实的题目,一定要在文章中找出相应的信息点,二要排除干扰项。

3)考查学生根据上下文推测生词含义或句义的能力

阅读中不可避免地会遇到一些生词(有些是熟词生义),疑难语句。此类题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词、短语或句子的准确含义。其主要提问方式是:

The

world

“”

in

the

passage

probably

means_______

The

underlined

word“”in

the

passage

refers

to_____

In

this

story

the

underlined

world

“”

means______

Here

“”means______-

The

meaning

of

the

underlined

phrase

“”

is

_______

4)

考查学生依据短文内容和应有的常识进行逻辑推断的能力。

所谓推断,就是根据材料中所提供的信息,推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分,从中推出未知部分。根据推断的有关文字可能是词或句子,也可能是若干句子,甚至是全文。此类题目文章中没有明确的答案,需要考生在理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。其主要提问方式是:

We

can

guess

th

writer

of

the

letter

may

be

a

______

According

to

the

passage

we

can

infer

that_______

The

writer

suggests

that

______

From

the

story

the

writer

believes

that______

The

writer

writes

this

text

to______

解此类题时,首先要在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字,然后加以分析,悟出字里行间的意思,有时需要仔细阅读全文才能体会出作者的意图和态度。

19

篇2:自考现代英语语法学习笔记-名词和名词短语1

自考现代英语语法学习笔记-名词和名词短语1 本文关键词:名词,短语,自考,学习笔记,英语语法

自考现代英语语法学习笔记-名词和名词短语1 本文简介:名词和名词短语(2)限定词和属格练习1定义4.1限定词Determiner在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指,类指以及表示数量等限定的词。Determinersrefertothewordswhichareusedinthepre-modificationofanounphrasewhichtypica

自考现代英语语法学习笔记-名词和名词短语1 本文内容:

名词和名词短语(2)

限定词和属格

练习1

定义

4.1

限定词

Determiner

在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指,类指以及表示数量等限定的词。

Determiners

refer

to

the

words

which

are

used

in

the

pre-modification

of

a

noun

phrase

which

typically

precede

any

adj.

that

pre-modify

the

head

word.

A

nice

man.

(a:

determiner,nice:

adjective)

练习2

考点1

限定词和形容词区别

Difference

between

Determiner

and

Adjective

1.

前置限定,限定词在形容词前面.Determiner

usually

precede

adj.

in

pre-modification.

A

nice

man.

(a:

determiner,nice:

adjective)

2.

限定词的选择受中心词影响而形容词不受。

The

choice

of

Determiner

is

determined

by

the

head

word

but

not

that

of

adj.

A

good

man.

Not

these

good

man.

(should

be

these

good

men)

3.

形容词表明中心词的特征,而限定词限定中心词的意义数量。

Adj.

describe

the

head

word

by

showing

its

characteristic

while

determiner

determine

the

head

word

by

identifying

or

quantifying.

Many

Good

The

useful

Books.

My

old

4.

形容词可位于中心词后,而限定词不可。

Adj.

can

post-modify

the

head

word

but

not

Determiner.

5.形容词有比较级而限定词没有(除few,little,many

much外)

Adj.

has

comparative

form

but

not

Determiner(except

few,little,many

much).

定义

4.1.2

Co-occurrence

of

Determiners

Determiner

may

co-occurrence

in

the

pre-modification

of

a

noun

phrase:

two

or

more

determiner

may

modify

one

and

the

same

head

word.

Each

determiner

takes

a

fixed

position,we

identify

their

relative

positions

in

the

case

of

co-occurrence.

前位限定Pre-Determiner

中位限定

Central

Determiner

后位限定Post

Determiner

All,Both

Half,Double

Twice,Three

times

One-third,Two-thirds…

What

Such

many

A,The

This,That,These,Those

My,your,his…

John’s…(Genitive)

Any,Some,No

Each,Every,Either,Neither,What

Which(ever),Whose(ever)

One,Two,Three…

First,Second,Third….

Next,Last,Few,Many,Much

Another,Other,Several

Such

练习3,4

考点2

Pre-determiners

and

Central

Determiners

are

mutually

exclusive,that

is

in

one

and

the

same

Noun

Phrase,there

could

be

only

one

Pre-determiner

and

Central

Determiner,however,Post-Determiners

are

not

mutually

exclusive.

All

the

other

students.

(Pre

+

Central

+

Post

)

All

the

other

three

students.

(

Pre

+

Central

+Post

+

Post

)

考点3

4.1.3

Usage

of

some

Determiners

All

and

Whole

(difference)

1.

All强调个体中的每一个,某种程度上与every相似。

She

would

work

12

hours

a

day

all

the

year

long.

1.

Whole更注重于整体。

Whole

regiments

surrendered

to

the

enemy.

2.

All修饰一个表示地方的短语时,一般指“所有住在那的人”,

All

the

village

was

excited

at

the

news.(=the

whole

village)

2.

Whole根据原文一般指指居民或者地方本身作为一个整体存在。

The

whole

village

was

flooded,3.

修饰专有名词时语法的区别。特别是地名。

All

Newcastle

was

excited

at

the

news.

3.

修饰专有名词时语法的区别。特别是地名。

The

whole

of

Newcastle

was

excited

at

the

news.

All

and

Both

All

修饰2部分以上组成的个体。

Both

修饰的个体由2部分组成

All,Every,Each

All

侧重于整个group

All

the

boys

enjoyed

themselves

at

the

party.

(全局)

Every指Group中的个体

Every

boy

enjoyed

himself

at

the

party.

(全局中的个体)

Each则侧重于单独的个体。

Each

boy

got

one

present

at

the

party.

(个体)

Both,Each,Either

Both

强调2个一起

Each,Either当表明2个中的每一个的时候

both

sides

There

are

shops

on

Each

side

of

the

street.

Either

side

Any,Either,No

(None),Neither

Any,No

(None)

refer

to

a

group

of

more

than

2.

Either

and

Neither

refer

to

a

group

of

2.

定义

4.1.4

Article

冠词

As

a

determiner,it

pre-modifies

a

head

noun,in

the

English

Language,there

are

two

articles:

Definite

article

定冠词“the”

and

indefinite

article

不定冠词“An”.

The

Two

terms

indicate

some

of

the

semantic

implication

of

the

article

usage.

练习5

泛指和特指定义

Generic

reference

vs.

Specific

reference:

Generic

reference

denotes

class

membership

and

it

can

also

refer

to

a

class

as

a

whole,it’s

realized

by

a

singular

countable

noun

that

goes

with

an

indefinite

article

a(n),or

with

definite

article

“the”

or

a

plural

countable

noun

goes

without

an

article.

e.g.

The

panda

is

a

rare

animal.

Specific

reference

can

be

made

either

in

a

definite

way

or

in

an

indefinite

way,definite

specific

reference

identifies

the

referent

in

question

and

is

realized

by

a

noun

with

a

definite

article

“the”.

Indefinite

specific

reference

points

to

a

particular,actual

example

of

the

class,realized

by

a

singular

countable

noun

with

“a”.

e.g.

A

dog

charged

me

yesterday

when

I

was

on

my

way

home.

练习6

Definite

article

+

Generic

reference

The

panda

is

a

rare

animal.

Indefinite

Article

+

Specific

Reference

A

god

charge

me

when

I

was

on

my

way

home

last

night.不定冠词

A(n)

Indefinite

Article

“A(n)”

Main

function:

to

indicate

class

membership.

typically

used

with

singular

countable

noun,refer

to

a

class

as

a

whole.

1.

当专有名词或者不可数作为一种可数名词的分来来讲的话,前面可加A

He

looks

forward

to

owning

a

Benz.

2.

职业,工作为补语的名词需要不定冠词修饰。

John

is

a

writer.

3.

仅可一个人担任的职业名词不需要不定冠词的修饰。

He

was

selected

chairman

of

the

committee.

As

president

of

the

United

State…定冠词

The

Definite

Article

“The”

The

Definite

Article

“The”

不需要加定冠词“The”的情况

需要加定冠词“The”的情况

1.

公共机构在习惯性表达里不需要冠词。

They

go

to

church

every

Sunday.

1.

指公共机构本身的建筑时,用The

(bed,class,table,town

etc.用法相同)

The

church

was

pulled

down

for

a

new

and

bigger

one.

2.体育运动不需要加定冠词

Play

basketball/

football/

tennis…

2.

指某人有能力弹奏某乐器时用

“the”

Play

the

Piano/

Guitar/

Cello/

Violin

3.

by

后面接交通工具名词时不加“the”

By

taxi/

by

bus/

by

plan/

by

train

3.

当一些指独立事物或者人物的名词表示某些“特定的系统或服务“的时候,要加”the”

Ring

for

the

taxi

if

it’s

raining.

How

long

does

it

take

on

the

bus?

4.

季节名词前一般不加“the”

Why

don’t

you

go

in

summer?

4.

除了特指的某一时间的某一季节,

The

summer

of

1995…

5.

指“某一时间点”的时候不加

At

dawn/

At

sunrise/

At

night

5.

指“某一时间段”的时候可用定冠词

In

the

morning/

During

the

afternoon

(for)

6.

复数可数名词泛指时,不加定冠词。

不可数名词用法相同。

Pandas

are

rare

animal.

(泛指)

The

desk

is

made

of

mahogany.

(泛指)

6.特指时需要加定冠词。

With

the

Pandas

(特指)

The

desk

is

made

of

the

mahogany

from

Thailand.(特指)Proper

noun

专有名词除了一下几种情况,一般不加定冠词

1.

复数名字前加“the”指

“…一家人”

The

Greens/

The

Johns

2.

海洋,河流,海峡,山脉等地理专有名词前要加“the”

The

Mediterranean/

The

Alps…/

The

pacific/

The

Nile

3.

普通名词组成的组织名词

The

United

Kingdom/

The

State

Department…

4.

某些特定的酒店,餐厅,剧院,电影院,博物馆,画廊要加“the”

The

Grand

Station/

The

British

museum/The

Gourmont

5.

有限制性说明的专有名词

The

21st

century

China/

The

London

in

Dickens’

novels

6.

名牌,

作品要加“the”

Why

don’t

you

hang

the

Picasso

on

the

wall?Special

Usage

of

“the”

The

+

Adj.

表示一类人

The

Pool

穷人

The

old

老人

The

ugly

丑陋的人

4.2

Genitives

属格/

所有格

考点4

4.2.2

Genitives

vs.

of

phrase

Comparison

between

Genitives

and

Of

-

phrase

Genitives

Of

phrase

Interchangeable

when:

1.

Geographical

Proper

noun,nouns

referring

to

Place,Institutions.

2.

Collective

nouns.

1.

Animate

noun,especially

People

The

boy’s

advise/

Mary’s

dress

2.

Can

be

used

with

first

name.

Jake’s

car

3.

The

relationship

of

the

2

nouns

are

Definition,classification.

Men’s

clothes/

Teacher’s

book

4.

Nouns

denoting

Time:

three

years’

time

5.

Idiomatic

combinations.

A

pound’s

worth/

A

arm’s

length.

1.

Inanimate

noun,lifeless

object.

The

color

of

the

car/

the

arrival

of

the

train

2.

Used

with

full

names.

The

passport

of

John

Smith

3.

Possession.

Clothes

of

mine

4.

Used

with

classifying

adj.

The

welfare

of

the

poor

练习7

The

experience

of

the

old.

4.2.5

Group

Genitive

集体属格

考点5

The

Group

genitive

is

a

term

that

refers

to

the

genitive

formed

by

adding“‘s”to

the

last

element

of

a

post-modified

or

coordinated

noun

phrase.

e.g.

:

Someone

else’s

car

An

hour

and

a

half’s

test**但是当名词短语包含1.“无论是限定或者非限定的后置修饰定语”时,2.

名词前置修饰过长3.前置修饰会引起歧义时

不可以用集体属格。(这时可以用

of

Phrase)

e.g.:

The

man

I

know’s

car

(Wrong!!!)

The

man

with

the

dog’s

food

(Wrong!!!)

考点6

Local

Genitive

地点属格

The

genitive

is

sometimes

used

alone

without

a

following

noun,Nouns

used

in

local

genitive

are

invariable

nouns

referring

to

persons

and

denoting

residence,public

buildings,place

where

business

is

conducted.

1.

Well

known

buildings.

St.

Paul’s

(Cathedral)

2.

店名.

The

backer’s

/

the

grocer’s

3.

名词或者名词表示“某人家”

We

are

having

dinner

at

my

aunt’s

tonight.

考点6

4.2.5

Double

Genitive

双重属格

Also

referred

to

as

“post

genitive”,it’s

a

combination

of

the

genitive

and

of

–phrase.

练习8

1.

The

second

noun

in

the

double

genitive

construction

almost

always

refers

to

person,never

object.

1.双重属格结构中的第二个名词一定是指人,不可指物。

A

friend

of

my

father’s.

A

window

of

the

house’s

(WRONG!!!)

2.

the

first

noun

usually

has

indefinite

reference

and

the

second

noun

is

always

definite.

2第一个名词前一般是不定冠词,而第二个名词前一般是定冠词。(Have

exceptions)

A

friend

of

my

brother’s.

Exception:

the

first

noun

is

premodified

by

a

demonstrative

or

postmodified

by

a

relative

clause.

That

friend

of

my

brother’s.

指示代词

The

friend

of

Bob’s

who

was

here

last

night.

篇3:初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构 本文关键词:牛津,上海,语法,复习,结构

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构 本文简介:课题名称初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构教学目标同步教学知识内容Unit2语法总结复习个性化学习问题解决therebe结构教学重点therebe结构教学难点therebe结构讲与练教学内容I名词三.名词的普通格作定语表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构 本文内容:

课题名称

初一英语上海牛津版Unit

2语法总结复习

there

be结构

教学目标

同步教学知识内容

Unit

2语法总结复习

个性化学习问题解决

there

be结构

教学重点

there

be结构

教学难点

there

be结构讲与练

教学内容

I名词

三.

名词的普通格作定语

表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定语,一般用单数形式。

eg.

stone

figures(石像);paper

money(纸币);country

music(乡村音乐);table

cloth(桌布);river

bank(河岸);school

gate(校门口);book

stores(书店);traffic

lights(交通灯);summer

holidays(暑假);evening

dress(晚礼服)。

但在个别情况下,也有需用复数的。

eg.

sports

meet(运动会);the

United

States

government(美国政府);students

reading-room(学生阅览室);goods

train(货车);two

men

doctors(两个男医生)。

四.

重难点讲解:

1.

I

found

her

sitting

in

the

corner,reading

_____

newspaper,with

_____

in

her

eyes.

A.

a,tear

B.

a

piece

of,tears

C.

a,tears

D.

a

piece

of,tear

陷阱:误选D,许多学生错误地认为,既然news(消息)和

paper(纸)均为不可数名词,那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的;同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。

分析:最佳答案为C。newspaper和

tear均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数,而且还可以连用数词。

Her

eyes

filled

with

tears.

她热泪盈眶。

She

dried

her

tears

with

a

handkerchief.

她用手帕擦干了眼泪。

The

newspapers

were

full

of

lies.

报纸上一片谎言。

A

newspaper

is

a

publication.

报纸是一种出版物。

2.

Her

father

works

as

a

______

in

a

hotel

and

her

mother

a

______

in

a

private

company.

A.

cooker,typewriter

B.

cook,typist

C.

cooker,typist

D.

cook,typewriter

陷阱:误选A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook

用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以

cooker

应是其相应的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type

用作动词,表示“打字”,所以

typewriter

应表示“打字员”。

分析:“而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。

3.

“Why

couldn’t

they

meet

us

at

five

o’clock?”

“Because

they

were

delayed

by

________.”

A.

heavy

traffic

B.

heavy

traffics

C.

crowded

traffic

D.

crowded

traffics

陷阱:B、C、D三项均容易误选。

分析:对于此题,首先要明确traffic为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除B和D。另外,汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”,而英语习惯上却不能用crowded

来修饰

traffic,要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”,英语通常说heavy

traffic,即选A。如下面一题也是选A:

She

is

not

a

competent

driver

and

can’t

cope

with

driving

in

_______.

A.

heavy

traffic

B.

heavy

traffics

C.

crowded

traffic

D.

crowded

traffics

4.

In

fact,_______

one

cause

that

leads

to

the

problem.

A.

cattle

is

B.

cattle

are

C.

cattles

are

D.

the

cattles

are

陷阱:此题容易误选A,想当然地认为cattle是单数,并且空格有表单数的one,自然谓语动词用is。

陷阱:其实,正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜,牛)为集合名词,尽管它不带复数词尾-s,却永远表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。又如:

For

this

many

cattle

were

killed.

为此宰了不少牲畜。

The

prisoners

were

herded

like

cattle.

囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。

类似地,police(警察),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法,即只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义;用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与

a(n)

连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如:The

poultry

have

been

fed.

家禽已经喂过饲料了。

In

Britain

police

do

not

usually

carry

guns.

在英国警察通常不带枪。

It

annoys

me

when

people

forget

to

say

“thank

you”.

遇到有人忘记道谢的时候,我就不痛快。

5.

By

all

_______,you

must

try

every

_______

to

help

him.

A.

mean,mean

B.

means,means

C.

means,mean

D.

mean,means

陷阱:误选C,认为第一空前有all修饰,故用means,而第二空前有every修饰,故用mean。

分析:其实,means是一个单复数同形的名词,并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说,在表示“方式”、“方法”时,不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词,表示“意思是”;也可用作名词,表示“中间”、“中庸”)。此题正确答案为C,by

all

means为习语,意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。顺便说一句,means用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较:

All

possible

means

have

been

tried.

所有可能的办法都已经试过了。

Every

possible

means

has

been

tried.

每种可能的办法都已经试过了。

若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如:

Is

[Are]

there

any

other

means

of

getting

more

money?

还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?

【名词典型例题】

1.

Ten

years

had

passed.

I

found

she

had

_______.

A.

a

few

white

hairs

B.

a

little

white

hair

C.

some

white

hair

D.

more

fifty

hair

2.—Hi,this

way,please.

—OK.I

sometimes

have

no

sense

of

______

when

I

arrive

at

the

crossroad.

A.

position

B.

direction

C.

situation

D.

condition

3.

Shelly

had

prepared

carefully

for

her

English

examination

so

that

she

could

be

sure

of

passing

it

on

her

first

________.

A.

intention

B.

attempt

C.

purpose

D.

desire

4.

I

didn’t

have

to

work

all

weekend

I

did

it

by

_______.

A.

chance

B.

choice

C.

accident

D.

myself

5.

“Did

you

get

_____

to

the

party?”

“Yes,I

replied

to

it

this

morning.”

A.

an

answer

B.

an

invitation

C.

a

question

D.

a

letter

6.

I

paid

him

£50

for

the

painting,but

its

true

______

must

be

at

least

£500.

A.

price

B.

money

C.

value

D.

importance

7.

His

letter

was

so

confusing

that

I

could

hardly

make

any

______

of

it.

A.

explanation

B.

meaning

C.

sense

D.

guess

8.

You’ve

just

missed

your

______,and

you

will

have

to

wait

for

the

next

round.

A.

chance

B.

turn

C.

time

D.

part

9.

—Li

Lin

is

very

bright

and

studies

hard

as

well.

—It’s

no

______

he

always

gets

the

first

place

in

any

examination.

A.

question

B.

doubt

C.

problem

D.

wonder

10.

—How

can

I

use

this

washing

machine?

—Well,just

refer

to

the

_______.

A.

explanations

B.

expressions

C.

introductions

D.

directions

11.

Jim

was

late

for

two

classes

this

morning.

He

said

that

he

forgot

both

of

the

______.

A.

rooms

number

B.

room

number

C.

room’s

numbers

D.

room

numbers

12.

—Hello,I’d

like

to

speak

to

Henry.

—Oh,which

_______?

There

are

two

______

in

our

office.

A.

Henrys,Henrys

B.

Henries,Henries

C.

Henry,Henrys

D.

Henrys,Henries

13.

Electricity,like

other

forms

of

______,has

greatly

increased

in

price

in

recent

years.

A.

pressure

B.

force

C.

strength

D.

energy

14.

In

order

to

learn

the

_______

of

the

family

business,Bill

took

a

job

as

messenger

boy

in

one

of

the

offices.

A.

ins

and

outs

B.

dos

and

don’ts

C.

heads

and

tails

D.

t’s

and

i’s

15.

—I’ve

got

an

“A”

in

the

examination.

—That’s

a

good

______.

You

will

surely

win

a

second.

A.

result

B.

news

C.

start

D.

idea

答案与解析:

1.

选A。hair

可用作可数或不可数名词,用作可数名词时,指一根一根的毛发或头发,如说

There’s

a

hair

in

my

soup

(我的汤里有根头发);用作不可数名词时,则是整体地指一个人的头发。

2.

选B。需根据句意来分析。have

no

sense

of

direction

意为“没有方向感”。

3.

选B。需根据句意来分析。attempt

在此表示“尝试”。

4.

选B,由于上文说

didn’t

have

to

work,所以下文相应的语境应是

did

it

by

choice。类似地,下面一题应选D,也是因为choice与下文的have

to

do

it

相呼应:

Were

you

given

a

_____,or

did

you

have

to

do

it?

A.

job

B.

duty

C.

request

D.

choice

5.

B。注意其后的

to

the

party

replied

to

it。

6.

选C。value

指“价值”。

7.

选C。make

sense

of

意为“明白”、“理解”。比较:make

sense

意为“有意义”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。如下面一题选D:

What

he

told

us

about

the

situation

simply

doesn’t

make

any

______.

A.

use

B.

reason

C.

value

D.

sense

8.

选B。miss

one’s

turn

意为“错过机会”,注意下文的

…have

to

wait

for

the

next

round

所表示的语境。

9.

选D。it’s

no

wonder

(+that从句)的意思是“难怪”,也可说成

No

wonder

(+that从句)。

10.

选D。directions

的意思是“使用说明”,空格前的

refer

to

意为“查看”、“参考”。

11.

选D。room

为无生命名词,不用

room’s

这样的所有格形式,在此可直接用名词作定语。类似地,下面一题要选B,也是一样的道理(名词作定语通常用单数不用复数):

The

boy

was

very

happy

that

his

mother

bought

him

a

new

pair

of

shoes

at

a

______

yesterday.

A.

shoes

shop

B.

shoe

shop

C.

shoes’s

shop

D.

shoe’s

12.

选C。在通常情况下,专有名词具有“独一无二”性,因此它通常没有复数形式,即不可数。但是,专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的,随着范围的扩大,这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内,只有一个星期六(Saturday),

一个星期日(Sunday)等,但是在一个月中甚至一年中,便有多个星期六,多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说:We

have

spent

many

happy

Sundays

there.

我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。另外一点值得注意的是,与一般的名词单数变复数不同,以“辅音字母+y”结尾的专有名词,其直接加词尾-s,而不将y改为i。

13.

选D。从常识来考虑,electricity

属于

energy,结合全句的语境,只有D最合适。同样地,下面一题从常识和语境来考虑也应选D:

(1)Some

countries

are

increasing

their

use

of

natural

gas,and

other

forms

of

______.

A.

source

B.

material

C.

power

D.

energy

(2)The

______

has

become

extremely

tense.

A

war

could

break

out

any

time

between

the

two

sides.

A.

pollution

B.

friendship

C.

condition

D.

situation

14.

选A。ins

and

outs

意为“细节”,dos

and

don’ts

意为“注意事项”,heads

or

tails

为掷钱币打赌时用语,意为“你赌正面还是赌反面”,p’s

and

q’s主要用于

mind

one’s

p’s

and

q’s,意为“留意自己的言行”。结合句意,选A最合适。

15.

选C。从语法上看,news

不可选,因为它不可数;从意义上看,D不可选,因为选D意思不通;比较A和C,选C最合适,因为

start与下文的

a

second

相吻合

II.

there

be结构讲与练

“there

be”

结构在英语中表示某处有某物。there

之后除了可以用is,was,are,were外,还可以用其他含有be的各种谓语表现形式。这种结构在英语中应用非常广泛。现将其用法归纳总结如下:

一、“there

be”

之后如有一系列事物,be

应与靠

近的一个名词保持数的一致

There

is

a

book,two

pens

and

some

pictures

on

the

table.

There

are

dozens

of

students

and

a

teacher

in

the

classroom.

二、“there

be“结构中的谓语动词可以是“be

going

to

(

seem

to,happen

to,used

to,be

likely

to

…)”+

动词原形

There

happened

to

be

a

car

nearby.

There

is

likely

to

be

a

meeting

at

5.

三、“there

be”结构中还可以用be以外的不及物动词,如

live,exist,stand,lie,remain,go,come

There

stands

a

tall

tree

on

the

top

of

the

mountain.

There

lies

a

small

river

between

the

two

hills.

四、

“There

be”结构中的谓语动词有时可用被动形式

There

was

said

to

be

troops

on

the

frontiers

.

There

was

said

to

be

a

number

of

the

wounded

on

both

sides.

五、“there

be”

结构的非限定形式there

to

be,

there

being,

它们可作主语,宾语或状语

1.

作主语

“there

being”

可起名词作用,

直接位于句首作主语;

there

to

be

+

名词词组作主语,

通常用for

引导。

There

being

a

bus

stop

near

the

house

is

a

great

advantage.

It

is

impossible

for

there

to

be

any

more.

2.

作宾语

(1)

作动词宾语时,通常用“there

to

be”

结构

。能这样用的及物动词为数有限,常见的有

expect,like,

mean,intend,want,prefer,hate等。

We

expect

there

to

be

no

argument.

Would

you

like

there

to

be

a

picture

on

the

wall?

(2)

作介词宾语时,如果介词是for,便只能用“there

to

be”结构,否则多用“there

being”结构。

The

teacher

was

waiting

for

there

to

be

complete

silence.

The

secretary

arranged

for

there

to

be

another

interview.

3.

作状语

用作状语的there

be非谓语形式,通常用there

being结构。

There

being

nobody

in

the

room,he

didn’t

go

in.

There

being

no

further

business,the

chairman

closed

the

meeting.

注意:如果句中出现for时应用there

to

be

It

was

too

late

for

there

to

be

any

buses.

It’s

too

early

for

there

to

be

anybody

up.

【巩固练习】

1.

It

isn’t

cold

enough

for

there

____

a

frost

tonight,so

I

can

leave

Jim’s

car

out

quite

safely.

A.

to

be

B.

would

be

C.

being

D.

was

2.

--Did

you

hear

about

the

fire

down

the

street?

--There

___a

lot

of

news

about

it

on

TV

last

night.

A.

was

B.

had

C.

is

D.

were

3.

There

____

many

changes

in

the

village

recently.

A.

is

B.

are

C.

have

been

D.

to

be

4.

There

___nobody

else

at

hand,I

had

to

do

it

by

myself.

A.

being

B.

was

C.

have

D.

to

be

5.

We

have

no

objection

to

____a

meeting

here.

A.

there

to

be

B.

there

being

C.

there

is

D.

there

having

6.

I

don’t

expect

there

____

any

misunderstanding.

A.

is

B.

to

be

C.

being

D.

will

be

7.

Bill

was

relying

on

____

another

chance.

A.

there

to

be

B.

there

is

C.

there

have

D.

there

being

8.

There

____

a

dictionary

is

very

helpful

to

the

students

of

English.

A.

is

B.

to

be

C.

being

D.

have

9.

There

used

to

be

a

temple

here,_____?

A.

usedn’t

it

B.

used

there

C.

didn’t

it

D.

didn’t

there

10.

There

____a

meeting

tonight.

A.

is

going

be

B.

is

going

to

have

C.

is

going

to

D.

is

going

to

be

11.

We

don’t

want

____

to

be

any

student

lagging

behind.

A.

it

B.

that

C.

there

D.

this

12.

There

____so

few

people

in

the

streets

was

unusual.

A.

to

be

B.

is

C.

was

D.

being

13.

There

___

a

time

when

they

were

good

friends.

A.

is

coming

B.

come

C.

to

be

D.

comes

14.

There

is

now

some

hope

of

____

a

settlement

of

the

dispute.

A.

to

be

B

.

there

to

be

C.

there

being

D.

being

15.

It

would

be

surprising

for_______

no

objections.

A.

to

be

B.

there

to

be

C.

there

being

D.

there

having

16.

There

______

much

to

be

done.

A.

remain

B.

remaining

C.

remains

D.

to

remain

17.

There

______to

be

more

discussions.

A.

was

expected

B.

expecting

C.

expects

D.

was

expecting

18.

People

don

t

want

______

another

war.

A.

being

B.

there

is

C.

will

be

D.

there

to

be

19.

He

was

disappointed

at

______so

few

friends

present

at

his

birthday

party.

A.

there

is

B.

there

to

be

C.

there

being

D.

have

20.______

nothing

else

to

do,we

went

home.

A.

Will

be

B.

There

being

C.

There

to

be

D.

Is

there

Key

1-5

AACAB

6-10

BACDD

11-15

CDDCB

16-20

CADCB

11

/

11

    以上《初三年级英语总复习计划》范文由一流范文网精心整理,如果您觉得有用,请收藏及关注我们,或向其它人分享我们。转载请注明出处 »一流范文网»最新范文»初三年级英语总复习计划
‖大家正在看...
设为首页 - 加入收藏 - 关于范文吧 - 返回顶部 - 手机版
Copyright © 一流范文网 如对《初三年级英语总复习计划》有疑问请及时反馈。All Rights Reserved