高三英语非谓语动词的格式化结构总结 本文关键词：英语，动词，格式化，结构，非谓语
高三英语非谓语动词的格式化结构总结 本文简介：www.jsfw8.com~~~~~~~~欢迎您!~~~~~~~大家论坛club.TopSage.com大家论坛欢迎您！！更多资料请到高中英语版http://club.topsage.com/forum-136-1.html2009年高考英语试题汇总贴-大家网推出高中英语版专题分类荟萃（更新中）高中
高三英语非谓语动词的格式化结构总结 本文内容：
www.jsfw8.com~~~~~~~~欢迎您!~~~~~~~大家论坛club.TopSage.com
大家论坛欢迎您！！更多资料请到高中英语版http://club.topsage.com/forum-136-1.html
2009年高考英语试题汇总贴-大家网推出
高中英语版专题分类荟萃（更新中）
高中英语语法类汇总
高中英语试题类汇总
高中英语教学资源类汇总（更新中）
高中英语经验方法类汇总
高中英语词汇类汇总
声明：所有内容由大家网论坛高中英语版收集整理，仅供学习交流使用！
非谓语动词的格式化结构总结
非谓语动词的教学是我们高中英语语法教学的重点和难点之一，既涉及到时态、语态知识，又涉及到句子成分等问题，还牵涉到谓语和非谓语的区别等。在平时的教学过程中，学生解答这类题目时常采用找非谓语动词与句子相关成分的逻辑关系和非谓语动作先后的方法来解决的，逻辑关系确定非谓语的语态形式，动作发生的先后确定非谓语的时态形式。例：
1.Peter
received
a
letter
just
now
saying
his
grandma
would
come
to
see
him
soon.(saying的分词短语作a
letter的定语，两者之间是主谓的逻辑关系。)
2.It
took
a
long
time
for
the
connection
between
body
temperature
and
illness
to
be
made.(It
took…to
do
为固定句式，不定式作主语，make
a
connection中make与connection之间是动宾的逻辑关系，→It
took
a
long
time
for
us
to
make
the
connection
between
body
temperature
and
illness.)
但在我们教学的过程中，不难发现有些题目学生用找逻辑关系的方法很难解决问题或者说有些题目中非谓语动词与句子的相关成分根本就不存在逻辑关系。例：
1.
A
and
guilty,He
put
the
book
back
on
the
shelf
she
had
secretly
placed
in
her
schoolbag.
A.
Frightened
B.
Frightening
C.
Being
frightened
D.
to
be
frightening
(学生在A、B、C中难以取舍，片面地认为“他害怕”是主动的逻辑关系而选B或者认为这里的frighten还是一种行为而选C)
2.Technologinally
A,China’s
Chang-e
project
does
better
than
any
earlier
project
of
the
same
kind.
A.
speaking
B.
spoken
C.
speak
D.
to
speak(这里的主语China’s
Chang-e
project与speaking之间没有逻辑关系，而学生则因思维定势习惯地认为“工程被说”是被动，很可能选B.)
针对上述情况，笔者把一些与非谓语动词有关的固定结构归纳在一起，形成了一些固定格式——非谓语动词格式化结构：
一.“Get
＋过去分词”结构
在这一结构中，get与be一样表被动，就是该过去分词的被动意义，但表示的是动作，而并非状态。
1.Having
been
caught
cheating
in
the
exam,he
got
punished.
2.There
is
no
time
for
you
to
B
for
the
ball.
A.
be
dressed
B.
get
dressed
C.
get
dressing
D.
dress
3.Be
careful
when
you
cross
this
very
busy
street.
If
not,you
may
B
run
over
by
a
car.
A.
have
B.
get
C.
become
D.
turn
常见用在这一结构的过去分词有：get
lost/paid/separated/damaged/run
/punished/caught/changed/charged/dressed/hurt/burnt/killed等等。运用这一结构要训练学生把get
sth.
doing
/get
sth.
done/get
sth.
to
do等区分开来。例：
4.You
know
he
is
not
going
to
let
us
leave
early
if
the
work
can’t
B
done.
A.
got
B.
be
got
C.
have
got
D.
be
getting(本题是Get
sth.
done结构，即if
we
can’t
get
the
work
done)
5.Let
me
try
now,the
car
will
be
got
C
.
A.
started
B.
to
start
C.
starting
D.
start
(本题是Get
sth.
doing结构，即I’ll
get
the
car
starting.)
6.In
a
time
of
social
reform,people’s
state
of
mind
should
be
got
B
pace
with
the
rapid
changes
of
society.
A.
kept
B.
to
keep
C.
to
be
kept
D.
keeping(本题是get
sb.
to
do结构，即people
should
get
their
state
of
mind
to
keep
pace
with
the
changes
of
society.)
总结：
get
done(与句子主语是被动关系)
get
sb./sth.
doing(doing作宾补，与宾语是主动关系)
get
sb./sth.
done（done作宾补，与宾语是被动关系）
get
sb.
to
do（“叫…去做”，未发生动作）
二.在“be＋状态动词的过去分词＋介词”
在这一结构中，过去分词往往形容词化，没有动作意义，说明主语存在的状态，只有done形式，如：be
buried
in/be
lost
in/be
known
as/be
covered
with/be
crowded
with等等，碰到这类短语作状语好或定语时，去掉动词be就用。
1.She
has
a
face
marked
with
worries.(她满脸愁容)
2.He
spent
the
whole
day
C
in
his
study.
A.
locking
B.
being
locked
C.
locked
D.
to
lock（不可与spend
sb.
time
in
doing
sth.混淆。）
3.
A
with
so
much
trouble,we
failed
to
complete
the
task
on
time.
A.
Faced
B.
Face
C.
Facing
D.
Having
faced
总结：但在这些词组中，要区分分词是表状态还是表动作，不可混为一谈。例：
4.①
C
to
her
son
all
these
years,she
has
no
moment
to
rest
for.
②
D
his
energies
to
being
crazy
about
going
on-line
at
college,he
can’t
find
a
job.
A.
To
be
devoted
B.
Devoting
C.
Devoted
D.
Having
devoted
(②中devote
后有宾语的存在，不可能表状态，只能表动作，找逻辑关系—主动，动作完成，选D)
5.①
C
just
an
hour’s
ride
from
Beijing,the
small
town
is
a
paradise(乐园)
for
tourists
a
home
and
abroad.
②
B
the
tower
in
a
wild
park,they
made
it
a
paradise
for
tourists
at
home
and
abroad.
A.
Locating
B.
Having
located
C.
Located
D.
To
be
located
三.状语从句中省略与非谓语形式
在状语从句中，当主句主语与从句主语相同或从句是it
is＋adj.时，常把主语和be动词省略，之后形成以下的固定结构，在平时训练时，告诉学生可以直接在下面的三种形式中做选择。
to
do
(动作未发性)
When/while/unless/if/
though/as
if
/no
mater
how…＋
doing
（与主语之间是主动关系）
done（与主语之间是被动关系）
1.When
C
different
cultures,we
often
pay
attention
to
the
differences
without
noticing
the
many
similarities.
即：When
(we
are)
comparing
different
cultures的省略句。
A.
compared
B.
being
compared
C.
comparing
D.
having
compared
2.When
D
help,one
often
says
“Thank
you.”
or
“It’s
kind
of
you.”
即：When
(one
is)offered
help的省略句。
A.
offering
B.
to
offer
C.
to
be
offered
D.
offered
3.①The
man
we
followed
suddenly
stopped
and
looked
as
if
D
whether
he
was
going
to
the
right
direction.
即：as
if
(he
is
going
)
to
see
whether
he
was
going
to
the
right
direction
的省略句。
②Contrast
may
make
something
more
beautiful
than
it
is
when
C
alone.
即：when
(something
is)seen
alone的省略句。
A.
seeing
B.
having
seen
C.
seen
D.
to
see
总结：在这一结构中，要注意的是主句的主语与从句的主语一定是一致的，否者只能用状语从句。
4.—What’s
the
trouble
with
you?
—
D
the
heavy
suitcase,my
waist
was
hurt
unexpectedly.
A.
While
carrying
B.
carried
C.
carrying
D
While
I
was
carrying
5.①The
idea
for
the
machine
came
to
Mr
Baker
C
to
his
invention
recently.
②Mr.
Black
had
an
idea
for
the
machine
A/B/C
to
his
invention
recently.
A.
while
devoted
B.
while
devoting
himself
C.
while
he
was
devoted
D.
while
devoting
四.With/without＋名词（代词）＋非谓语
这一结构一般作伴随状语、原因状语和定语成分，在这一结构中，非谓语与with/without后的名词、代词有主动或被动的逻辑关系。
1.—Come
on,please
give
me
some
ideas
about
the
project.
—Sorry.
With
so
much
work
Ｂ
my
mind,I
almost
break
down.
A.
filled
B.
filling
C.
to
fill
D.
being
filled
总结：
to
do（表示未发性动作）
With/without＋名词/代词＋
doing/being
done(表示动作正在进行)
done(表示完成被动)
２.①John
received
an
invitation
to
dinner,and
with
his
work
Ａ,he
gladly
accepted
it.
②
John
received
an
invitation
to
dinner,but
with
his
work
Ｄ,he
couldn’t
accept
it.
A.
finished
B.
finishing
C.
having
finished
D.
to
finish
3.With
more
trees
D,huge
quantities
of
good
earth
are
being
washed
away
each
year.
A.
destroying
B.
to
be
destroyed
C.
having
destroyed
D.
being
destroyed
五.常见作状语的非谓语独立成分
generally/honestly/frankly/strictly/exactly
speaking;
judging
from
/by;
concerning(关于，有关);
considering(就…而论，照…看来);
supposing(万一；假定);
allowing
for(考虑到…);
seeing
that(由于，因为);
speaking
of;
talking
about;
taking…into
consideration;
to
tell
the
truth,to
be
frank/honest;
to
make
things/matters
worse,to
begin
with;
to
be
brief,to
say
nothing
of(更不用说)；to
conclude(总之，最后)
…
1.He
did
poorly
in
his
examination,considering
how
hard
he
studied.
就他学习的努力程度来看，他这次考得很糟糕。
2.
He
asked
me
questions
concerning
my
health.
他问了我一些问题，是有关我健康方面的。
3.
C,the
more
expensive
the
camera,the
better
its
quality.
A.
General
speaking
B.
Speaking
general
C.
Generally
speaking
D.
Speaking
generally
对以上结构归纳总结，强化训练，使学生对这些结构有一种本能的反应，从而对非谓语动词这一语法知识的掌握更加系统化、条理化、结构化、程序化，有利于非谓语教学的拓宽,为教学非谓语独立主格结构打下基础。
免费资料下载，方便快捷，尽在大家论坛→http://club.TopSage.com
篇2：非谓语专题总结
非谓语专题总结 本文关键词：专题，非谓语
非谓语专题总结 本文简介：高中英语语法专题总结（三）非谓语专题总结08.04一、非谓语的组成部分：｛1、不定式2、动名词3、分词（现在；过去）｝二、非谓语各个组成部分的作用：成分形式主语宾语宾语补足语表语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√现在分词√√√√过去分词√√√√三、不定式用法要点整理：一般式：todo１、时态：
非谓语专题总结 本文内容：
高中英语语法专题总结（三）
非谓语专题总结
08.04
一、非谓语的组成部分：｛1、不定式
2、动名词
3、分词（现在；过去）｝
二、非谓语各个组成部分的作用：
成
分
形
式
主语
宾语
宾语补足语
表语
定语
状语
不定式
√
√
√
√
√
√
动名词
√
√
√
√
现在分词
√
√
√
√
过去分词
√
√
√
√
三、不定式用法要点整理：
一般式：to
do
１、时态：
进行式：to
be
doing
完成式：to
have
done
完成进行式：to
have
been
doing
一般式：to
be
done
２、被动语态：
完成式：to
have
been
done
3、例句：
1、To
study
English
is
very
necessary.（主语，一般式）
2、She
pretended
not
to
see
me
when
I
passed
by.（宾语，一般式）
3、I
heard
her
sing
an
English
song
just
now.（宾语补足语，一般式）
4、His
duty
is
to
look
after
the
baby.（表语，一般式）
5、*I
have
much
knowledge
to
learn.（定语，一般式）
6、He
sat
down
to
have
a
rest.（目的状语，一般式）
7、My
grandma
lived
to
see
the
New
China.
（结果状语，一般式）
8、To
be
criticized
by
others
is
a
shame.（主语，一般式被动）
9、Nobody
likes
to
be
laughed
at
in
public.（宾语，一般式被动）
10、He
was
heard
to
sing
a
song
just
now.（宾语补足语，一般式被动）
11、This
suggestion
is
allowed
to
be
discussed.（表语，一般式被动）
12、I
have
something
to
be
taken
to
your
mum
by
you.（定语，一般式被动）
13、He
did
a
good
deed
to
be
praised
by
teachers.（目的状语，一般式被动）
14、He
stole
others’
belongings
to
be
caught
at
last.（结果状语，一般式被动）
15、The
boy
pretended
to
be
reading
when
his
mum
came
in.（宾语，进行式）
16、I
am
glad
to
have
worked
with
you.（宾语，完成式）
17、I
am
happy
to
have
been
invited
to
your
party.（宾语，完成式被动）
18、He
is
excited
to
have
been
playing
with
you
today.（宾语，完成进行式）
4、不定式充当成分特殊要点整理：
㈠不定式作宾语特殊用法要点：
①下列动词只能用不定式作宾语，请记牢下面的口诀：
“决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮帮忙。”
Decide,determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help
此外，afford,strive等也要用不定式作宾语。
②动词不定式作动词tell,show,understand,explain,teach,learn,advise,discuss,ask,decide,wonder,find
out等词的宾语时，前面常带wh—引导词。即how,what,whether,where,when,who等+to
do。但why+不带to的不定式.
注意：此用法的不定式的逻辑主语需要与主句的主语或宾语保持一致，否则用宾语从句。如：
Eg:I
don’t
know
what
to
do=(I
don’t
know
what
I’ll
do?)
Can
you
tell
me
why
do
it?
③动词不定式在介词后面时，如果介词之前面有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to，否则就要带to。另外在can’t
choose
but,can’t
help
but,can’t
but后面的不定式也要省略to。如：
Eg:
①We
could
do
nothing
but/other
than
wait.
②We
had
nothing
to
do
but/other
than
wait.
③We
have
no
choice
but
to
wait.
④I
can’t
choose
but
laugh.
㈡不定式作宾语补足语特殊用法要点：
下列动词后跟带to的不定式作状语：
Advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,like
invite,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,think,wait
for,call
on,depend
on等。
Eg:The
teacher
asked
us
not
to
make
so
much
noise.
②下列动词在主动语态中不带to的不定式作状语，但在被动语态中要加上to：它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看（look
at,see,watch,notice,observe）；3使（make,let,have）；2听（listen
to,hear）；1感觉（feel）。
㈢不定式作定语特殊用法要点：
①不定式作定语：
1、作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需要有相应的介词。Eg:Please
give
me
a
knife
to
cut
with.
Here
is
paper
for
you
to
write
on.
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省略。
Eg:He
had
no
money
and
no
place
to
live(in)
2、当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：
Have
you
anything
to
send?你有什么东西要寄吗？
（不定式to
send的动作执行者时“你”）
Have
you
anything
to
be
sent?
（不定式to
be
sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）
3、不定式作定语的几种情况：
⑴Eg:I
borrowed
some
books
to
read
during
my
holiday.
⑵用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all,any的功能限定的中心词。
Eg①:She
was
the
first
woman
to
win
the
gold
medal
in
the
Olymipic
Games.
②:He
was
the
best
man
to
do
the
job.
⑶用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability,chance,idea,Fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。
Eg:Do
you
have
ability
to
read
and
write
English?
㈣不定式作状语特殊用法要点：
①某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐的形容词作表语，后跟不定式表示原因。
Eg:I
am
glad
to
see
you.
②在句子中含有enough或too句子里，也常用不定式作状语，表示结果。
Eg：He
was
too
excited
to
say
a
word.
She
was
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
③注意：强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in
order
to（为了）或so
as
to（以便）+动词原形。So
as
to
不用于句首。
Eg:The
bus
stopped
so
as
to
pick
up
passengers.
用it做形式主语，构成:It’s+adj.+(for
sb.)+to
do
sth.
四、动名词用法要点整理：
第一部分：知识结构
时态：一般式:doing
完成式:having
done
第二部分：例句
1、Studying
English
is
very
important
nowdays.（一般式作主语）
2、I
began
studying
English
when
I
was
a
kid.（一般式作宾语）
3、My
job
is
teaching
English.（一般式作表语）
第三部分：动名词充当成分特殊要点整理
㈠动名词作主语用法特殊要点：
动名词和不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。
no
use/good
It
is/was
not
any
use/good
+doing
sth.
of
little
use/good
useless
Eg：It
is
no
use
crying
over
spilt
milk.覆水难收。
It
is
of
little
good
staying
up
too
late
every
day.
㈡动名词作宾语用法特殊要点：
1、下列动词只能用动名词作宾语，请记牢下面的口诀：
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不仅介意准逃亡。
Consider,suggest/advise,look
forward
to,excuse/pardon;
Admit,delay/put
off,fancy;
Aviod,miss,keep/keep
on,practise;
Deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;
Forbid,imagine,risk;
Can’t
help,mind,allow/permit,escape.
2、动名词的复合结构：
Eg:
1、Would
you
mind
turning
off
the
light.
2、Would
you
mind
my
turning
off
the
light.
例句1中的具体解释是：你帮我关灯，介意吗？
例句2中的具体解释是：我关灯你介意吗？
我们就会发现这两个句子中动名词的逻辑主语与句子的真正主语是两个不同的对象时，这种现象被称为动名词的复合结构。习惯要求，动名词的逻辑主语的人称代词改用其所有格的形式，但是如果人称代词在句子中作的是宾语，人称代词用其宾格形式也可以，但是“人名”不可以。
Eg:She
insisted
on
my/me
giving
a
lecture
to
her
students.
五、分词用法要点整理
分词的组成部分：现在分词being+done;done。当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时，用v.ing；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系时且表正在进行时，用being+done；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词。
Eg：The
houses
being
built
are
for
the
teachers.
The
broken
glass
is
Tom’s.
②作定语的不及物动词分词形式为：v.ing和done。V.ing表示正在进行；done表示已经完成。
Eg：falling
leaves/fallen
leaves;boiling
water/boiled
water
㈡分词作状语用法特殊要点整理：
①
分词作状语形式的选择：
形式
意义
v.ing(doing)
与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，语句中谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生。
Having
+v.ed(having
done)
与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发生。
v.+ed(done)
与句中谓语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
Being+v.+ed(being
done)
语句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动词同时发生，一般作原因状语置于句首。
Having
been
+v.+ed(having
been
done)
语句中主语构成功能逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词发生。
②分词作状语的基本原则：
分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
分词作状语必须和句中含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。
③分词作状语的句法功能：
分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可以由连词while或when引出。
Eg:Hearing
the
news,they
got
excited.（时间）
Given
a
chance,I
can
surprise
the
world.（条件）
The
cup
dropped
to
the
ground,breaking
into
pieces.（结果）
④独立成分作状语：
有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。
常见的有：generally
speaking（一般说来）,saving（除了，除非），
frankly
speaking（坦白地说），judging
from（根据…来判断）等。
Considering/seeing（考虑到…），supposing（即使）等等。
六、非谓语动词用法综合整理
⑴分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别
1、感官动词see,watch,observe,look
at,hear,listen
to,notice,等和使役动词have后面的宾语补足语有三种形式，即原形动词（不带to的不定式）、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表主动或正在进行，过去分词表被动或完成，动词原形表主动和完成。
Eg:
I
heard
her
sing
an
English
song
just
now.
I
heard
her
singing
an
English
song
when
I
passed
by
her
room
yesterday.
I
heard
the
English
song
sung
many
times.
注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语表完成和状态。
Eg:I
look
down
at
my
neck
and
found
my
necklace
gone.（状态）
I
was
surprised
to
find
my
hometown
changed
so
much.（完成）
2、leave后接三种形式作宾语补足语时，其中的leave保留了原来的意思“留下”，但表达的确切的意思应是“使…处于某种状态”。
Sb.doing
sth.让某人一直做某事
（宾语和宾语补足语之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。）
Leave
sth.undone留下某事未做
（宾语和宾语补足语之间是动宾关系，表示被动和完成，一般以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched为多。）
sb.to
do
sth.留下某人做某事
sb.to
be
done留下某事要做
（不定式表示将来的动作）
Eg:It’s
wrong
of
you
to
leave
the
machine
running.（主动）
The
guests
left
most
of
the
dishes
untouched,because
they
didn’t
taste
delicious.（用主动形式表示被动）
He
left,leaving
me
to
do
all
the
rest
work.（主动，将来）
We
hurriedly
ended
our
meeting,leaving
many
problems
to
be
settled.（被动，将来）
3、have,get后接三种形式作宾语时，其中have,get表示“使、让、叫”的意思。
①have
sth.done=get
sth.done“使/让某事让别人去做”。
Eg:I
have
had
my
hair
cut.
此外，have
sth.done还表示“使遭受…”的意思。
Eg:Tom
had
his
leg
broken
while
playing
football.
have
sb./sth.doing
使/让某人/物持续地做某事
②
（现在分词表示主动，正在进行）
get
sb./sth.doing使某人/物开始行动起来
Eg:The
captain
got
the
soldiers
moving
towards
the
front
after
a
short
rest.
注意：have
sb.doing若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”的意思。
Eg:I
won’t
have
you
speaking
to
your
parents
like
that.
have
sb.do
sth.
③
使/让/叫某人去做某事
get
sb.
to
do
sth.
Eg:Mother
had
me
go
to
the
shop
and
bought
some
salt.
⑵不定式、过去分词和现在分词被动式作定语的区别：
这三种形式作定语，主要是体现在动作的发生时间上。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。
Eg:Have
you
read
the
novel
written
by
Dickens?
He
is
a
man
loved
and
respected
by
all.
现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是于谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
Eg:Listen!The
song
being
sung
is
very
popular
with
the
students.
不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。
Eg:The
question
to
be
discussed
at
the
tomorrow’s
meeting
is
a
very
important
one.
⑶下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。
1、forget
to
do
sth.忘记去做某事
doing
sth.忘记已经做过某事
remember
to
do
sth.记住去做某事
doing
sth.记住曾经做过某事
regret
to
do
sth.后悔去做某事
doing
sth.后悔做过某事
stop
to
do
sth.停下来去做另一件事
doing
sth.停下来做某事
try
to
do
sth.竭尽全力做某事
doing
sth.尝试做某事
mean
to
do
sth.想要做某事
doing
sth.意味着做某事
go
on
to
do
sth.继续做另外一件事
doing
sth.继续做同一件事
can’t
help
to
do
sth.不能帮助做某事
doing
sth.情不自禁做某事
Eg:——You
were
brave
enough
to
raise
objections
at
the
meeting.
——Well,now
I
regret
having
done
that.
2、动词like,love,prefer后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。如表示经常性的行为可用动名词、如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式。
Eg:I
like
swimming,but
I
don’t
like
to
swim
this
afternoon.
3、在动词allow/advise/forbid/permit后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词做宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
doing
sth.
Allow/advise/forbid/permit
sb.
to
do
sth.
Eg:
We
don’t
allow
smoking
here.
We
don’t
allow
students
to
smoke
here.
4、动词need,require,want作“需要”时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动式表示被动意义。be
worth后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。此外，若动词need表“需要”，require表“要求”，want表“想要”这些意义时，其后接名词或代词作宾语，然后接不定式作宾语补足语。
Need/require/want
doing/to
be
done
sb.to
do
sth.
+n.（表示钱数或相当于钱数的名词）
to
do
be
worth
It’s
worth
(one’s)
while
doing
doing
of
being
done
be
worthy
of
+n.
值得……
to
be
done
cleaning.
Eg:The
windows
need/require/wants
to
be
cleaned.
The
book
written
by
Zhang
Ailing
is
worth
reading.
⑷疑问词+不定式结构：
疑问词（who,which,when,where,how
what等）+不定式，这个结构在句中起名次作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。
Eg:I
didn’t
know
what
to
do?（宾语）
When
to
hold
the
meeting
is
not
known
yet.（主语）
My
question
was
how
to
get
so
many
books.（表语）
注意句型：Why
not
do
sth.?
Why
do
sth.?
⑸不定式的主动和被动：
1、不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系，不定式往往用主动形式。
Eg:Do
you
have
a
knife
to
cut
the
watermelon?
2、不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句助于构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。
Eg:
She
has
a
sister
to
look
after.
3、不定式做表语形容词的状语，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for
sb.
Eg:
This
is
difficult
to
understand.
This
kind
of
fish
is
nice
to
eat.
4、在there
be结构中，当说话人考虑的事必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。
Eg:There
is
a
lot
of
work
to
be
done.
请注意下面两个句子的含义的不同点：
There
is
nothing
to
do.（无事可做，表达的情感是感到十分乏味。）
There
is
nothing
to
be
done.（某东西坏了，表达的情感是无法使之恢复正常。）
⑹不定式符号to的保留问题：
有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代表前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词之后：expect,hope,wish,mean,prefer,care,forget,want,try;或出现在be
glad/happy,would
like/love等后面。
如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be,have,have
been,这些词要保留。
Eg:——I
haven’t
been
to
Hong
Kong,but
I
wish
to.
——Are
you
on
holiday?
——No,but
I’d
like
to
be.
16
篇3：20XX高考英语二轮复习方案专题限时训练情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句
2014高考英语二轮复习方案专题限时训练情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句 本文关键词：动词，复合句，情态，限时，语气
2014高考英语二轮复习方案专题限时训练情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句 本文简介：专项限时训练(十一)[情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句](限时：每篇5分钟)一、情态动词与虚拟语气考点Iamamiddleschoolstudent.Ihavemanydreams.Ifthere1.________(be)notsomuchhomework,Iwouldhavemoretim
2014高考英语二轮复习方案专题限时训练情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句 本文内容：
专项限时训练(十一)
[情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句]
(限时：每篇5分钟)
一、情态动词与虚拟语气考点
I
am
a
middle
school
student.
I
have
many
dreams.
If
there
1.________
(be)
not
so
much
homework,I
would
have
more
time
to
do
what
I
like
to
do.
How
I
wish
I
2.________
(listen)
to
my
favourite
music
for
an
hour
a
day
and
3.________
(play)
table
tennis
for
an
hour
in
the
morning.
It
s
my
desire
that
we
4.________
(hold)
evening
parties
or
5.________
(organize)
some
interesting
activities
at
weekend.
I
suggest
that
there
6.________
(be)
not
so
many
tests.
You
can
imagine
what
life
7.________
(will)
be
if
I8.________
(realize)
my
dream.
But
I
must
face
the
exams.
Without
good
marks,I
9.________
(will)
not
enter
my
ideal
university.
Anyway,it
s
high
time
that
I
10.________
(encourage)
myself
and
worked
hard
from
now
on.
二、不定式考点
Dear
Editors，
My
name
is
Adam
Rouse.
I
m
19
years
old
and
I
used
1.________
(be)
a
heavy
smoker.
I
first
started
2.________
(smoke)
when
I
was
only
15
although
I
know
it
is
very
harmful
3.________
(smoke)
at
any
time.
I
read
your
magazine
and
know
that
there
are
some
organizations
4.________
(help)people
stop
smoking.
Participants
learn
5.________
(recognise)
smoking
triggers
and
they
try
6.________
(set)
a
date
in
the
future
when
they
will
stop
7.________
(smoke)on
purpose.
Now,I
am
looking
for
some
ideas
8.________
(help)
myself
9.________
(give)
up
smoking
and
I
expect
myself
10.________
(accept)
as
a
member
of
your
organizations.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Lei
三、分词考点
Many
years
ago,a
young
foreigner
1.________
(call)
Marco
Polo
travelled
all
the
way
from
Italy
to
China.
From
then
on
a
window
to
the
east
has
been
2.________
(open)
for
westerners.
Two
kinds
of
gold
coins
once
3.________
(make)
by
Europeans
showed
their
respects
to
the
great
explorer.
Marco
Polo
was
4.________
(bear)
in
1254.
He
lived
in
Venice,a
rich
city
in
Italy.
Marco
s
father
and
uncle
were
merchants.
They
had
travelled
to
the
east.
So
when
Marco
was
young,he
enjoyed
5.________
(listen)
to
the
stories
about
the
places
6.________
(visit)
by
his
father.
His
father
decided
7.________
(take)
him
on
a
trip.
When
Marco
Polo
was
just
17,he
left
his
country
for
China.
They
were
among
the
first
to
go
along
the
silk
road.
They
had
a
lot
of
trouble
in
8.________(explore).
So
it
was
a
hard
trip
for
Marco
Polo,but
he
was
very
brave.
After
about
four
years,Marco
met
Kublai
Khan
who
gave
him
a
job.
Marco
spent
17
years
9.________
(work)
for
him.
He
visited
most
parts
of
China.
He
learned
lots
of
10.________
(interest)
things
about
Chinese
life.
When
he
returned
home,he
let
others
know
about
things
like
coal
and
paper
money.
He
wrote
about
his
trip
in
a
famous
book.
四、动名词考点
Everyone
needs
friends.
There
is
an
old
1.________
(say):
friends
are
God
s
way
of
2.________
(take)
care
of
us.
But
how
do
you
find
real
friendship
and
keep
it?
The
Care
and
Keeping
of
Friends
by
American
author
Sally
Seamans
tells
young
students
some
smart
ways
of
3.________
(find)
friends.
Sally
says
4.________
(arrive)
at
friendship
is
just
like
5.________
(plant)
a
tree.
You
plant
the
seed
and
take
care
of
it
to
make
it
grow.
First,you
should
choose
a
friend.
What
makes
a
good
friend?
It
is
not
because
a
person
has
money
or
good
looks.
A
good
friend
should
be
kind
and
patient.
For
example,if
you
have
a
hard
day,a
good
friend
should
listen
to
your
complaints
and
do
their
best
6.________
(help).
To
make
a
friend,you
cannot
be
too
shy.
You
should
make
each
other
happy
and
share
your
life.
But
things
can
t
always
be
happy.
Even
the
best
friends
have
fights.
What
should
you
do
when
you
have
a
fight
with
your
friends?
You
have
to
talk
to
them.
When
there
is
no
one
around,have
an
honest
talk.
If
he
or
she
doesn
t
want
7.________
(talk),you
could
write
a
letter.
Sally
says
there
are
three
steps
to
8.________
(be)
friends
again.
Tell
him
or
her
how
you
are
feeling,say
what
your
friend
has
done
wrong,and
explain
why
you
did
this
or
that.
The
book
also
has
advice
on
some
small
but
important
things
like
9.________
(celebrate)
your
friends
success.
Even
if
you
haven
t
had
a
real
friend
before,you
will
start
10.________
(think)
of
having
one
if
you
read
this
book,because
the
book
tells
that
friendship
is
the
most
important
thing
in
your
life.
五、名词性从句考点
Three
years
had
passed
and
things
were
even
worse
than
before.
One
can
hardly
imagine
1.________
the
poor
people
suffered.
Most
of
the
workers
lost
their
jobs
and
in
order
to
provide
for
their
families
they
sold
everything
2.________
they
had
in
their
houses.
They
could
neither
get
food
nor
clothing.
Many
of
them
fell
ill
and
died.
Now
they
began
to
understand
3.________
the
factory
owners
were
their
enemies.
But
they
believed
that
4.________
the
government
knew
5.________
hard
their
conditions
were,they
would
give
them
some
help.
In
a
meeting
they
decided
6.________
they
should
send
some
of
their
men
to
London
to
tell
the
government
of
the
truth.
Jackson
was
chosen
to
be
one
of
them
to
go
to
the
capital.
He
felt
proud
7.________
he
could
do
something
for
his
friends.
A
few
days
later,when
Jackson
came
back
from
London
and
was
asked
to
tell
about
8.________
had
happened
there,he
replied
in
a
low
voice,“I
will
never
forget
9.________
we
workers
were
treated
there,and
I
will
never
forgive
those
who
refused
to
hear
us.
Friends,let
us
do
all
we
can
to
struggle
against
the
capitalists
and
the
government
10.________
supports
them.”
六、定语从句考点
Some
day,if
you
are
lucky,you
may
see
a
bongo.
But
the
only
way
1.________
most
people
will
see
it
is
in
a
zoo.
They
are
found
in
Africa,2.________
they
lived
deep
in
forests.
Even
in
Africa,very
few
people
ever
get
to
see
a
bongo.
The
bongo
does
not
come
out
of
the
forest
very
often.
It
is
an
animal
3.________
keeps
to
itself.
The
bongo
has
beautiful
colouring.
Its
hair
is
bright
brown
mixed
with
orange
and
red.
Down
its
back
and
across
its
sides
the
bongo
has
yellow-white
strips.
Animals
4.________
look
for
food
at
night
usually
have
big
eyes.
This
helps
them
see
better
at
night.
The
forests
in
5.________
bongos
live
are
very
dark.
The
eyes
of
bongos
are
very
big.
So,they
have
not
trouble
in
living
in
the
darkness.
Bongos
in
zoos
do
not
like
to
go
outside
on
bright
days.
They
only
go
outside
on
those
days
when
it
is
dark
or
very
cloudy.
七、状语从句考点
Two
travelling
angels
stopped
to
spend
the
night
in
the
home
of
a
wealthy
family.
The
family
was
rude
and
refused
to
let
the
angels
stay
in
the
mansion
s
guestroom.
Instead
the
angels
were
given
a
small
space
in
the
cold
basement.
1.________
they
made
their
bed
on
the
hard
floor,the
older
angel
saw
a
hole
in
the
wall
and
repaired
it.
When
the
younger
angel
asked
2.________，
the
older
angel
replied,“Things
aren
t
always
3.________they
seem.”
The
next
night
the
pair
came
to
rest
at
the
house
of
a
very
poor,4.________
very
hospitable
farmer
and
his
wife.
After
sharing
what
little
food
they
had，the
couple
let
the
angels
sleep
in
their
bed
5.________
they
could
have
a
good
night
s
rest.
6.________
the
sun
came
up
the
next
morning
the
angels
found
the
farmer
and
his
wife
in
tears.
Their
only
cow,7.________milk
had
been
their
sole
income,lay
dead
in
the
field.
The
younger
angel
was
infuriated
and
asked
the
older
angel,“How
could
you
have
let
this
happen？”
“The
first
man
had
everything,yet
you
helped
him，”
she
accused.
“The
second
family
had
little
8.________
was
willing
to
share
everything
and
you
let
the
cow
die.”
“Things
aren
t
always
what
they
seem,”
the
older
angel
replied.“9.________
we
stayed
in
the
basement
of
the
mansion,I
noticed
there
was
gold
stored
in
the
hole
in
the
wall.
10.________
the
owner
was
so
obsessed
with
greed
and
unwilling
to
share
his
good
fortune,I
sealed
the
wall
and
he
wouldn
t
find
it.
Then
last
night
as
we
slept
in
the
farmer
s
bed,the
angel
of
death
came
to
his
wife.
I
asked
God
if
the
angel
could
take
the
cow
instead.”
八、复合句考点
Gandhi
was
honoured
as
the
father
of
the
Indian
nation.
He
has
been
respected
and
beloved
by
the
Indians
with
the
belief
1.________
he
is
an
Indian
national
hero.
He
was
born
in
India
in
1869.
2.________
is
recorded,he
got
married
at
the
age
of
13,following
the
local
custom.
In
1888
he
sailed
to
England,3.________
he
studied
law
for
three
years
and
became
a
lawyer.
4.________
his
return
to
India,he
was
sent
to
South
Africa
to
work
on
a
law
case.
In
South
Africa
he
was
surprised
to
find
5.________
the
problem
of
racial
discrimination
was
serious.
There
he
formed
an
organization
and
this
was
6.________
he
started
to
fight
for
equal
rights.
Gandhi
returned
to
India
in
1915,7.________
India
was
controlled
by
the
British.
He
led
the
Indians
to
fight
for
an
end
to
the
British
rule
and
independence
for
his
country.
8.________
in
the
political
movement
many
Indians
including
Gandhi
were
put
in
prison
and
it
was
still
not
sure9.________
they
could
gain
independence,the
struggles
never
stopped.
The
British
government
had
to
give
in
and
India
won
its
independence
in
1947.
Unfortunately,Gandhi
was
shot
by
an
Indian
10.________
opposed
his
views
and
died
on
January
30th,1948.班
级____________
姓
名____________
专项限时训练(十一)
一、情态动词与虚拟语气考点
1．were
2.listened
3.played
4.(should)
hold
5．(should)
organize
6.(should)
be
7.would
8．realized/
should
realize/
were
to
realize
9.would
10．encouraged
二、不定式考点
1．to
be
2.smoking/to
smoke
3.to
smoke
4.to
help
5．to
recognise
6.to
set
7.smoking
8.to
help
9．(to)give
10.to
be
accepted
三、分词考点
1．called
2.opened
3.made
4.born
5.listening
6．visited
7.to
take
8.exploring
9.working
10．interesting
四、动名词考点
1．saying
2.taking
3.finding
4.arriving
5.planting
6．to
help
7.to
talk
8.being
9.celebrating
10．thinking/to
think
五、名词性从句考点
1．how
2.that
3.that
4.if
5.how
6.that
7.that
8.what
9.how
10.that
六、定语从句考点
1．that
2.where
3.that/which
4.that/which
5.which
七、状语从句考点
1．As/When
2.why
3.what
4.but
5.where
6．When
7.whose
8.but
9.When
10.Since/Because
八、复合句考点
1．that
2.As
3.where
4.On/After
5.that
6.how
7．when
8.Though/Although
9.whether
10.who