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20XX年中考英语真题分类汇编题型7书面表达专项训练五事物介绍类(含解析)

日期:2020-04-29  类别:最新范文  编辑:一流范文网  【下载本文Word版

2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型7书面表达专项训练五事物介绍类(含解析) 本文关键词:英语,题型,真题,年中,汇编

2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型7书面表达专项训练五事物介绍类(含解析) 本文简介:时间:20~25分钟/篇第1篇(2018江西)(15分)书包伴我学习,伴我成长。某英文报以“MySchoolbag”为题,举办中学生征文活动。请根据下列图表信息,写一篇短文,内容包括:书包的外形特征、用途和书包背后的课业问题以及课余你期望做的事情。提示:1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息,条理清楚,行文

2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型7书面表达专项训练五事物介绍类(含解析) 本文内容:

时间:20~25分钟/篇

第1篇(2018江西)

(15分)书包伴我学习,伴我成长。某英文报以“My

Schoolbag”为题,举办中学生征文活动。请根据下列图表信息,写一篇短文,内容包括:书包的外形特征、用途和书包背后的课业问题以及课余你期望做的事情。

提示:1.

短文应包括图表中的全部信息,条理清楚,行文连贯,段落分明;

2.

短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名;

3.

词数不少于80,开头已给出,不计入总词数。

My

Schoolbag

I

have

a

schoolbag.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

第2篇(2018郴州)

(15分)假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Jeff向你了解你校的课堂教学形式,请你根据提示内容用英语给他写封电子邮件,并谈谈你的感受。

要点提示:1.

我们的课堂是开放自由、生动有趣的。

2.

我们在课堂上经常讲故事,做游戏。

3.

老师在课堂上经常使用电脑,给我们听音乐,看录像等,使我们学到更多知识。

4.

在课堂上老师给我们足够的时间进行自主学习和自由讨论。

5.

我们有更多的机会展示自我。

要求:(1)短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息(不要逐字翻译),并在此基础上适当发挥;

(2)词数:80左右(短文开头已给出,不计入总词数);

(3)文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。

可能用到的词汇:study

and

think

for

oneself,ability

of

independent

study,discuss

in

groups

freely,show/express

oneself

Dear

Jeff,

I

was

glad

to

receive

your

letter

and

I

d

like

to

tell

you

something

about

how

we

study

in

class.________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Li

Hua

第3篇(2018通辽)

(15分)今年暑假,我们学校将组织你们前往加拿大参加友好交流活动。学校要求你们写一篇有关北京的简介,以便在交流期间向外国朋友介绍。

要求:1.

使用给出的提示词(可适当发挥)。

提示词:capital

of

China,lie

in,many

places

of

interest,best

season,Chinese

traditional

food,Beijing

Opera,the

29th

Olympic

Games.

2.

词数80-100(文章的首句已经给出,不计入总词数)。

3.

语句通顺,过渡自然。

4.

文中不得出现真实的校名和人名等相关信息。

Beijing

is

the

capital

of

China.________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

第4篇(2018湖州)

(15分)下周一上午轮到你在英语课上做课堂报告,你打算把爸爸最近网购的音乐机器人(music

robot)介绍给同学们,下图是关于这个音乐机器人的广告。请你根据所提供的信息写一份发言稿。

注意:(1)选择所给信息进行介绍,建议举例说明并适当发挥;

(2)必须谈谈你对音乐机器人的看法;

(3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名;

(4)词数:80-100。短文开头已给出,不计入总词数。

参考词汇:提醒

remind.of

connect.

to

the

Internet

provide

services

短文首句:Good

morning,everyone!

Here,I

d

like

to

introduce

the

music

robot

my

father

bought

online.________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

专项训练五

事物介绍类

第1篇

【审题指导】

1.

本文是命题作文,题目是“My

Schoolbag”,要求介绍书包的外形特征、用途和书包背后的课业问题及课余你期望做的事情。注意文章要条理清楚,段落分明;

2.

内容包括图表中的全部信息,不能有遗漏;

3.

介绍书包的相关情况,用一般现在时,人称使用第三人称。

【写作指导】

我的书包

要点提示

素材串联

开头:外观、用途及评价

1.

书包的外观特点(big

and

green)2.

书包的用途3.

对书包的评价

正文:带来的问题

1.

太多的作业(lots

of

schoolwork)2.

没有足够的睡眠时间

结尾:课余自己期望做的事情

希望有更多的自由时间做自己喜欢做的事情(relax

myself;

listen

to

music;

watch

my

favorite

TV

programs;

visit

some

interesting

places)

【高分范本】

My

Schoolbag

I

have

a

schoolbag.

It

s

big

and

green.

It

costs

50

yuan.In

my

schoolbag,there

are

textbooks,workbooks,notebooks

and

a

red

pencil-box

with

pens,pencils,rulers

and

erasers

in

it.

I

put

my

drinking

bottle

in

its

side

pockets.

As

you

know,there

are

so

many

books

in

my

schoolbag,so

it

s

very

heavy.

Every

day

I

have

to

finish

lots

of

schoolwork

from

most

of

the

subjects.

I

have

no

enough

time

to

sleep.

I

am

really

tired.I

need

to

relax

myself.

I

expect

to

do

what

I

want.

I

want

to

listen

to

music

or

watch

my

favorite

TV

programs

after

school.

I

hope

my

parents

will

take

me

to

visit

some

interesting

places

and

get

to

know

the

outside

world

during

holidays.

I

have

to

keep

a

balance

between

study

and

rest.

第2篇

【审题指导】

1.

本文围绕课堂教学形式展开,写作时要包含5点提示,同时要注意描述个人感受;

2.

讲述课堂教学形式,时态主要用一般现在时,人称主要使用第一人称。

【写作指导】

中国的课堂

要点提示

素材串联

开头:引出全文话题

已给出

正文:详细介绍课堂情景

1.

开放自由、生动有趣(open

and

free)

2.

在课堂上经常讲故事,做游戏(tell

stories;play

games)

3.

在课堂上使用电脑听音乐、看录像等(listen

to

music;

watch

videos)

4.

自主学习和自由讨论(independent

study)

5.

展示自我(express

ourselves/show

our

talents)

【高分范本】

Dear

Jeff,

I

was

glad

to

receive

your

letter

and

I

d

like

to

tell

you

something

about

how

we

study

in

class.

Now

our

classes

are

open

and

free.

All

of

our

classmates

feel

the

classes

are

interesting

and

lively

as

we

often

tell

stories

and

play

games.

Thus,we

can

not

only

learn

but

also

have

fun.

The

teachers

often

use

the

computer

in

class.

We

can

learn

more

by

listening

to

music

and

watching

videos.

Our

teachers

give

us

enough

time

to

study

and

think

for

ourselves

to

develop

our

ability

of

independent

study.

We

also

have

more

chances

to

discuss

in

groups

freely,so

we

can

learn

how

to

communicate

with

each

other

and

learn

from

each

other.

Sometimes

we

even

express

ourselves/show

our

talents

in

front

of

the

whole

class.

And

we

can

ask

questions

during

or

after

class

freely.

Li

Hua

第3篇

【审题指导】

1.

本文要求写一篇关于北京的说明介绍文,可从位置、景点介绍、最佳旅游时间、饮食文化、民情、交通等方面入手,注意运用已给的提示词;写作时,可使用there

be句型,条件状语从句等;

2.

写作中,以第二人称为主,时态用一般现在时。

【写作要点】

位置地理位置

位于中国北方(lies

in),政治、经济、文化中心(the

centers

of.)

景点介绍

很多景点(places

of

interest):长城(the

Great

Wall)、紫禁城(the

Forbidden

City)、天安门广场(Tian

anmen

Square)

最佳旅游时间

春天,五月;秋天,十月最佳(Spring;

Autumn)

饮食、文化

烤鸭(Beijing

Roast

Duck),京剧(Beijing

Opera)

民情

友好、好客(friendly

and

hospitable)

交通

地铁通往任何方向,很方便(subway;

convenient;

in

all

directions)

【高分范本】

Beijing

is

the

capital

of

China.

It

lies

in

the

north

of

China.

It

is

the

centers

of

culture,politics

and

economics

of

China.

There

are

many

places

of

interest

in

Beijing,such

as

the

Great

Wall,the

Forbidden

City,Tian

anmen

Square

and

so

on.

I

like

the

Great

Wall

best,because

it

is

the

longest

wall

in

the

world.

The

best

seasons

in

Beijing

are

Spring

in

May

and

Autumn

in

October.

If

you

like

to

travel,you

can

come

to

Beijing

in

May

or

October.

And

you

can

enjoy

not

only

eating

Chinese

traditional

food——Beijing

Roast

Duck

but

also

watching

Beijing

Opera.

And

you

can

find

all

kinds

of

interesting

things

in

Beijing.

The

people

in

Beijing

are

friendly

and

hospitable.

The

new

subways

are

very

convenient

in

all

directions.

The

29th

Olympic

Games

was

held

successfully

in

Beijing

in

2008.

It

let

the

world

know

more

about

Beijing

and

China.

So

welcome

to

travel

to

Beijing.

You

ll

love

it!

第4篇

【审题指导】

1.

本文要求写一篇发言稿,主要内容是介绍音乐机器人,文体为说明文;根据提示内容可知这个音乐机器人可以提供天气查询,百科问答,语音提醒和新闻资讯等信息,写作中注意要涉及这些提示信息,同时要进行适当举例说明,丰富内容;

2.

根据所给广告说明进行介绍,时态以一般现在时为主,人称以第三人称为主。

【写作指导】

音乐机器人

要点提示

素材串联

开头:开门见山,直接入题

已给出

正文:介绍机器人的外形和功能

1.

它个头很小(small,carry

in

backpack)

2.

具有各种功能(different

kinds

of

)

3.

音乐播放(play

songs)

4.

天气预报甚至学习问题(weather

or

even

your

problems

in

study)

5.

日期提醒(remind

you

of

important

dates)

结尾:介绍自己的感受,呼应开头

感到惊讶,因为它让我的生活更快乐,更方便(amazed,makes

my

life

more

enjoyable

and

convenient)

【高分范本】

Good

morning,everyone!

Here,I

d

like

to

introduce

the

music

robot

my

father

bought

online.It

is

small,so

you

can

even

carry

it

in

your

backpack.

After

you

connect

it

to

the

Internet

and

speak

to

it,it

can

provide

different

kinds

of

services.

For

example,you

just

say,“Ding

Dong,I

want

to

listen

to

SHE

s

song”,

and

it

will

play

their

songs

immediately.

You

can

also

ask

it

about

weather

or

even

your

problems

in

study.

Besides,it

can

remind

you

of

important

dates

and

so

on.

I

am

so

amazed

at

my

music

robot

because

it

makes

my

life

more

enjoyable

and

convenient.

I

really

love

it.

篇2:八年级英语下unit6单元知识总结新目标

八年级英语下unit6单元知识总结新目标 本文关键词:英语,八年级,新目标,单元,知识

八年级英语下unit6单元知识总结新目标 本文简介:Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?一.【单元目标】Ⅰ.单词与短语collectmarathonskatepairsinceraiseseveralstampkitemonsterglobeanyonestorecakeparticularlycollec

八年级英语下unit6单元知识总结新目标 本文内容:

Unit

6

How

long

have

you

been

collecting

shells?

一.【单元目标】

Ⅰ.单词与短语

collect

marathon

skate

pair

since

raise

several

stamp

kite

monster

globe

anyone

store

cake

particularly

collector

common

extra

topic

capital

thousand

quite

certain

miss

in

fact

其实;实际上

run

out

of

用完;用尽

by

the

way

顺便;附带说说

be

interested

in

对……感兴趣

more

than

比……多

make

a

list

of

列清单

thanks

for

doing

sth.

感谢某人做了某事

think

of

/

about

sth.

想起某事

Ⅱ.目标句型:

1.

How

long

have

you

been

doing…?

2.

I’ve

been

doing…since…

3.

How

long

did

sb.

do…?

4.

He

/

She

did

sth.

for…

5.

What

do

you

collect?

6.

When

did

you

start?

7.

How

many

do

you

have?

8.

What

do

you

like

to

collect

in

the

future?

9.

What

is

the

most

common/unusual/interesting

hobby?

Ⅲ.语法

现在完成进行时

二.【重难点分析】

1.

现在完成进行时

构成:肯定句:主语

+

have

/

has

been

+

doing

否定句:主语+have/has+not+been+doing

一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+been+doing?

现在完成进行时表达“某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,有可能还要持续下去”,现在完成进行时的句子中多用延续性动词,如:live,learn,study,work等。

(1)I

have

been

learning

English

for

ten

years.

我学英语已经十年了。

(2)She

has

been

skating

for

four

hours.

到现在为止她滑冰已经有四个小时了。

(3)I

have

been

collecting

stamps

since

I

was

ten

years

old.

我从十岁起就一直在集邮。

在这几个句子中,have和has是助动词,疑问形式需把助动词提前,否定形式在have或has后面加not,have

not和has

not可以分别缩写成haven’t和hasn’t,如:

(1)Have

you

been

doing

your

homework

since

this

morning?

从今天早晨起你就一直在写作业吧?

(2)Has

he

been

writing

the

letters

to

his

friend?

他是一直在给他的朋友写信吗?

(3)I

haven’t

been

seeing

films

for

a

long

time.

我有很长时间没有看电影了。

(表明没有看电影这个动作从过去一直持续到现在,还要继续持续下去。)

2.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别:

(1)现在完成时强调动作的完成,而现在完成进行时侧重的是动作的持续进行。

I

have

read

a

book

about

birds.

(已经读完)

I

have

been

reading

a

book

about

birds.(一直都在读,现在还在读,有可能会继续读下去)

(2)两种时态都有延续性,

但现在完成时往往只说明一个事实,一种影响或结果,无感情色彩;现在完成进行时表示一个动作的延续、重复,有时有一定的感情色彩。

She

has

been

singing

all

the

day.

她都唱了一整天了。(抱怨、厌烦)

三.【重点词汇】

1.

since的用法:

(1)conj.

①(引导时间状语从句,从句中常用过去时,主句用一般时态或完成时)自从……以来;……以后

It

was

years

since

l

had

seen

her.自从我见到她(到那时)又过去好几年了。

his

just

a

week

since

we

arrived

here.我们到这儿刚好有一周了。

②(引起原因状语从句,通常置于句首)既然;因为

Since

he

says

so,it

must

be

true.

既然他这么说,那一定是真的。

(2)prep.

自……以来

I

have

lived

here

since

childhood.自小我就住在这儿。

He

hasn

t

been

home

sincel993.1993年以来他还没有回过家。

(3)adv.

①(与完成时态连用)从那以后;后来

②以前

He

left

the

city

in

1985

and

has

returned

only

once

since.

他1985年离开这座城市,自那以后只回来过一次。

(4)构成短语:ever

since

从那以后(一直)

long

since

很久以前;早已

2.

since,from和for

(1)from是介词,后接名词、动名词,表示事情的开始点,以from短语作状语时,句中的谓语动词可用一般现在、过去和将来时,如:

The

movie

is

on

from

8:00

p.m.

to

10:00

p.m.

这个电影在晚上8点到10点上映。

They

chatted

at

the

meeting

from

beginning

to

end.他们在会议上自始至终都在聊天。

(2)since则为介词或从属连接词,其后接名词、动名词或从句,表示从某一特定时间起直至现在或过去某一特定时间为止,依然继续着的事情的开始点,在以此为时间状语的句子中,谓语动词常用完成时。

Many

things

have

happened

since

they

came

here.自他们来这儿以后,发生了许多事情。

The

teacher

said

that

John

had

made

great

progress

since

last

semester.…从上个学期以来约翰取得了很大的进步。

(3)for

是介词,后接名词,可以用来计算持续的时间,表示事情从开始到结束所持续的时间,谓语动词常用过去时或完成时,for与一般现在时连用,表示时间一直持续到将来。

用心

爱心

专心

The

meeting

lasted

for

hours.

会议持续了几个小时。

I

studied

the

piano

for

three

years.

我学过三年钢琴。

I

ve

known

her

for

five

years.

我认识她已经五年了。How

long

are

you

here

for?

你在这里要待到什么时候?

3.

favorite

作名词,指“最爱的物品”,favorite也可作形容词,作形容词比较级和最高级形式。

My

favorite

food

is

dumpling.我最喜欢的食物是饺子。

4.

stop表示“停止,结束,阻止”

The

light

turned

red.I

have

to

stop.

红灯亮了,我不得不停下来。

(1)stop作名词,意为“车站,站点”。

I

get

off

at

the

next

bus

stop.我在下一站下车。

(2)stop作动词,意为“停止”,常用于stop

doing

sth.结构中,表示“停止做某事”,指停止正在做的事。

The

students

stop

talking.学生停止了讲话。(动名词talking作宾语)

(3)stop

to

do

sth.

则表示“停下来去做某事”,指停止原来的事去做另外一件事。

The

students

stop

to

talk.学生们停下来(开始)讲话。(不定式to

talk作目的状语)

We

should

stop

to

have

a

rest.我们应该停下来休息一会儿。

(4)stop

sb.(from)doing

sth.

表示“叫某人停止做某事,阻止某人做某事”。

What

can

stop

me(my)going?

有什么能阻止我去呢?

Nothing

shall

stop

us

from

studying.什么都不能阻止我们学习。

5.

have

to

do

sth.

表示“不得不做某事”,指客观条件的“不得不”

I

have

to

finish

the

work

by

myself.

我不得不自己完成这项工作。

6.

run

out

of…

意为“从……地方跑出来;用光……”

Class

is

over.The

students

run

out

of

the

classroom.

下课了,学生们从教室里冲了出来。

四.【课文解析】

1.

How

long

have

you

been

in

class

today?

你今天上了多长时间的课?(或你在课堂多长时间?)

(1)how

long

“多长”或“多长时间”。对长度或时间段提问。

--

How

long

have

you

learned

English?

你学英语多长时间了?

--

For

two

years.

两年了。

(2)in

class

在上课;在课堂上,其反义词为out

of

class

“在课外”。

We

should

read

more

books

out

of

class.

我们在课外应该多读些书。

I

have

been

in

class

for

one

hour.

我上了一个小时的课。

(3)现在完成时

①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。

I

have

seen

the

film

many

times.这部电影我已看过多次。(已经非常了解这部电影)

②表示过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。

I

have

lived

here

since

2001.自从2001年以来,我一直住在这儿。(“住”这动作延续到现在)

③构成:“have/has+过去分词”构成。

--Where

is

Jim

and

Mike?

吉姆和迈克在哪儿?

--They

have

gone

to

the

Great

Wall.

他们去游长城了。

2.

Alison

was

the

first

one

to

start.艾丽森是第一个开始(滑)的。

(1)“be

the

first

/

second…+n.

+

to

do…”表示“……是第一/

二个做某事的”。

He

is

the

last

one

to

leave

here.

他是最后—个离开这里的。

She

was

the

first

one

to

get

to

the

school.她是第一个到校的。

(2)to

start在这里是动词不定式作定语。

3.

I

d

like

to

collect

stamps

because

they

are

interesting.我喜欢集邮,因为它们特别有趣。

(1)would

like

to

do表示“想要做某事”。

Would

you

like

to

come

to

join

my

birthday

party?

你愿意来参加我的生日晚会吗?

(2)collect意为“收集,搜集”,常用作及物动词,后跟名词或代词作宾语。

I

like

collecting

all

kinds

Of

Chinese

stamps

very

much.我非常喜欢收集各种中国邮票。

4.Thanks

for

sending

me

the

snow

globe

of

the

monster.

非常感谢您送我怪兽雪花球形玻璃器。

(1)thanks

for…相当于thank

you

for…意为“为……感谢你”,后多跟名词短语或动名词。

Thanks

for

your

last

letter.

谢谢你的上封来信。

(2)send

sb.

Sth.相当于send

sth.

to

sb.

表示“送给某人某物”

He

sent

me

a

present

for

my

birthday.

He

sent

a

present

to

me

for

my

birthday.我过生日他送了我一件礼物。

5.

By

the

way,what

s

your

hobby?

顺便提一下,你的个人爱好是什么?

(1)这是一个特殊疑问句的简单句,by

the

way在句中作插入语。介词短语by

the

way意思是“且说,顺便提一下,还有”,常用来介绍一般性的话题,或在脑子里突然想起的事情。

We

shall

expect

you,by

the

way,dinner

will

be

at

eight.我们正在等着你,还有晚饭是八点开。

I

was

reading

when

the

earthquake

occurred,by

the

way,it

was

“The

Last

Day

of

Pompeii”.

地震发生时我在看书,顺便提一下,我看的是“庞培城的末日”。

By

the

way,have

you

seen

her

lately?

顺便问一下,你近来见过她吗?

(2)名词hobby表示“爱好”是可数名词。

Your

hobby

is

reading.

你的爱好是看书。

One

of

my

hobbies

is

astronomy.

我的爱好之一是天文学。

Plenty

of

men

are

excellent

cooks

as

a

hobby.

很多男人菜做得好,只是作为一种爱好。

6.It

made

me

think

about

differences

in

food

cultures

between

China

and

western

countries.

它使我想起了中国和西方国家在饮食文化方面的差异。

(1)make

使役动词“使;让”,后面接不定式作宾语补足语时,不带to,类似的还有let和have。

He

made

the

students

laugh.他把同学们逗笑了。

The

children

must

be

made

to

clean

their

own

room.

必须叫孩子们打扫自己的房间。

Aunt

Li

tried

to

make

us

stay

for

supper.

李大婶要留我们吃晚饭。

(2)think

about

考虑;回想,想起;认为

think

about

a

plan

考虑一项计划

I

always

think

about

her

when

it

snows.每当下雪的时候,我总是想起她。

What

do

you

think

about

the

film

last

night?

你认为昨晚的电影怎么样?

He

was

thinking

about

the

time

he

spent

in

the

army.他正在回想他在部队度过的日子。

We

need

to

think

about

the

plan.我们需要考虑一下这个计划。

(3)介词between表示在二者之间

There

is

a

fence

between

his

garden

and

our

garden.

在他的花园和我们的花园之间有一道栅栏。

You

re

to

sit

between

Moira

and

me.

你坐在莫伊娜和我之间。

五.【词语辨析】

1.

every和each

(1)each一定数目中的“每一个”;“个别”意义较重,表示各有不同,更强调个人或个别。

Each

one

has

his

weakness.

每人都有每人的弱点。

(2)every数目不确定的许多人或物中间的“每一个”;“总合”意义较重,表示“大家一致”。

Every

one

of

us

is

here.

我们都到了。

(3)each可作主语、同位语、定语和状语,而every只能作定语。

2.

interest,interesting与interested

(1)interest作名词,意为“兴趣,趣味”,用作动词时指“使(人)产生兴趣”。

He

shows

an

interest

in

music.他对音乐感兴趣。

What

you

said

interests

me.你的话引起了我的兴趣。

(2)interesting作形容词,指“有趣的,引起兴趣的”,可作表语或定语,指物或人本身能引起兴趣。

The

film

is

very

interesting.

电影非常有趣。

He

is

an

interesting

man.

他是一个有趣的人。

(3)interested是由动词interest加-ed构成的形容词。意为“感兴趣的”,其主语一般是人,常用于be/get/become

interested

in结构中,表示“对……感兴趣”。

When

he

was

only

a

child,he

got

interested

in

science.当他还是个孩子时,就对科学产生了兴趣。

3.

how

long,how

often

how

soon

(1)how

long

的意思是“有多长”,用来提问有多长时间,答语通常是more

than

two

weeks

等表示一段时间的话。

--How

long

are

you

going

to

stay

here?

你打算在这里待多久?

--Five

days.

5天。

--How

long

did

he

live

in

China?

他在中国住了多长时间?

--More

than

two

years.

两年多。

(2)how

often的意思是“多长时间一次”,用来提问在某一特定的时间内进行某个动作的次数,答语通常是never,sometimes,quite

often,usually,three

times

a

year等表示频度的副词或短语。

--How

often

do

you

go

to

the

library?

你多长时间去一次图书馆?

--Once

a

day.

一天一次。

(3)how

soon用来询问“需要多长时间能,过多久”,谓语动词多用终止性动词,即某一动作要花多长时间才能完成或发生,常与将来时连用,答语常用in

a

week/month/year等。

--How

soon

can

you

finish

the

work?

你完成那项工作还要多久?

--May

be

in

three

days.大概3天后。

--How

soon

will

he

get

here?他到这儿需要多久?

--In

half

an

hour.半小时。

4.

have与must

have

to与must都有“必须”的意思,但有其不同之处:

(1)have

to有时态和人称变化,带有客观因素,意思是“不得不”;must无时态和人称变化,后面接不带to的不定式,带有主观因素,意思是“必须,一定”。

I

have

to

go

now.It

s

dark.

我必须得走了。天已黑了。

I

must

go.

我得走了。

(2)must

not表示“不许,一定不能”;don

t

have

to表示“不必”。

You

mustn

t

go

now.

你现在不许走。

You

don

t

have

to

go

so

early.

你不必走那么早。

(3)Must

I…?的否定回答是No,you

needn

t.或No,you

don

t

have

to.

--Must

I

stay

here

now?

我必须留在这吗?

--NO,you

needn

t./you

don

t

have

to.

不,你不必。

5.

fairly与rather

fairly与rather同义但用法不同:

fairly一般指(褒义的)理想的情形,rather一般指(贬义的)不太理想的情形。例如:

The

weather

is

fairly

fine

today.今天的天气相当好。

The

weather

was

rather

bad

yesterday.昨天的天气相当不好。

It

is

a

fairly

easy

question.

这是一个相当容易的问题。(容易而适当)

It

is

a

rather

easy

question.

这是一个相当容易的问题。(大容易了而不适当)

Unit

6

How

long

have

you

been

collecting

shells?

补充材料

1.

Each

的具体用法:

1.

adj.各个的;各自的;每一个的。置于单数可数名词前。

Each

car

has

a

steering

wheel.

每辆车都有方向盘。

My

uncle

gave

a

present

to

each

one

of

us.

2.

pron.

各个;各自。谓语动词用单数形式。

Each

has

his

own

task.每个人都有自己的工作

Each

of

the

students

broughta

a

dictionary.

学生各自带词典来。

3.

room

做空间讲时,是不可数名词。

Is

there

any

room

for

me

in

the

car?

车上还有座位让我坐吗?

There

was

no

room

to

turn

around

in

the

narrow

road.

那条狭窄的道路没有转弯的空间。

4.

Teach

的用法:

1.

teach

sb.

sth.

=

teach

sth.

to

sb.

She

taught

me

music

last

year.=

She

taught

music

to

me

last

year.

2.

teach

+

doing

sth

教做…

She

taught

singing.他教唱歌。

4.

teach

sb

to

do

sth.

教某人做某事

My

father

taught

us

to

swim.

5.

teach

sb.

+

that

从句

“教育人…”.

History

teaches

us

that

war

is

wrong.

历史告诉我们战争是错误的。

He

taught

me

how

to

operate

a

computer.

他教我如何操作电脑。

5.

Start

的用法:

Start

doing

sth

开始做…

强调动作持续下去

Start

to

do

sth

开始去做某事

强调动作的开始

Start

off

“出发;动手;启程”

We

started

off

from

the

front

gate.

我们从前门出发。

Start

with

“以…开始”

We

started

the

meal

with

soup.

我们的头一道菜是汤。

6.whether和if的区别

I

don’t

know

whether

/

if

she

will

be

able

to

come.

我不知道她是否能来。

whether可以与or

not连用,or

not可以紧跟在whether之后,也可以置于从句末尾;if一般不能和or

not连用。

Whether

it

rains

or

not,the

are

determined

to

go.

无论晴雨,他们都决定去。

He

asked

whether

they

should

go

or

stay.

他问他们是应该去还是留下来。

7.The

+

比较级,

the

+

比较级。

越…

越…

The

more,the

better.

多多益善

The

more

you

have,the

more

you

want.

拥有越多,欲望越大。

More

and

more

越来越…

English

is

more

and

more

interesting

to

me

.

More

or

less

或多或少;多少有点;差不多

She

is

more

or

less

beautiful.

她颇有姿色。

No

more

=

not

any

more

不再;也不;

也没有

once

more

再一次;再次。

More

than

大于

more…

than…

比…

更…

篇3:医学影像学报告常用英语词汇

医学影像学报告常用英语词汇 本文关键词:英语词汇,医学影像,常用,报告

医学影像学报告常用英语词汇 本文简介:一、部位location:同侧ipsilateral;对侧contralateral;患侧affectedside;健侧intactside;近侧proximalside;远侧distalside;移位deviation,shift,displacement;无移位nondisplaced;抬高el

医学影像学报告常用英语词汇 本文内容:

一、部位

location:

同侧

ipsilateral;对侧

contralateral;患侧

affected

side;健侧

intact

side;近侧

proximal

side;远侧

distal

side;

移位

deviation,shift,displacement;无移位

nondisplaced;抬高

elevation;下降

descent,fall;

邻接

abutting,next

to,secondary

to;

二、范围

extent:

局限

localized,regional;弥散

diffuse;

三、分布

distribution:

单侧

unilateral;双侧

bilateral,(in)both(lung

fields);对称

symmetric;不对称

asymmetric;孤立

solitary;散在

scattered;融合

confluence(confluent);中心性

central;偏心性

eccentric;周围的

periphery,peripheral;主要

predominantly,primarily;in

a

segmental

or

lobar

distribution;(sth)

on

the

left;in

the

left

lower

zone;稀疏;集中;

四、数目

number:

单发

solitary,single;多发

multiple;

增多

increase;减少

decrease;消失

disappear;

五、大小

size:

large;小

small;

扩大

enlarge/enlargement;扩张

dilatation;膨胀

distention;缩小

shrink;体积缩小

loss

of

volume;狭窄

stenosis,narrowing;闭塞

occlusion,obliteration,emphraxis;

生长速率

rate

of

growth;倍增时间

doubling

time;

直径小于3厘米

less

than

3cm

in

diameter;不超过1厘米

(small

nodules)10

mm

or

less

in

size;直径增长25%

25%

increase

in

diameter;体积增大一倍

doubling

of

volume;

大小不同的

of

varying

sizes;

六、形状

shape,morphology:

点状

dot(punctual,punctate);斑点状

mottling,stippled;粟粒状

miliary;结节状

nodular;团块状

mass,masslike;圆形

circular,round,rounded;卵圆形

oval;椭圆形

ellipse;长方形(椭圆形)oblong;分叶状

lobulated;片状

patchy;条索

stripe;线状

linar;网状

reticular;囊状

cystic;弧线形

curvilinear;星状

stellate;纠集

crowding,converging;舟状

boat-shaped,navicular,scaphoid;哑铃状

dumb-bell;不规则形

irregular;

细致

fine;粗糙

coarse;

变形

deformity;增粗、增厚

thicken;变细、变薄

thinning;变平

flattened;

七、边缘

border,margin(marginated),rim,edge(edged);轮廓(外形)outline,contour;

光滑

(smooth);

清晰,锐利(sharp,well-defined,well-circumscribed,clear,distinct);

模糊

hazy,indistinct,blurred,ill-defined,obscured,silhouette

out

(sth);不规则

irregular;毛刺状、针状

spiculated;分叶的

lobulated,multilobulated;

八、

密度

density(dense),densitometry,attenuation(X线成像):

透亮

lucency(lucent),transparent;

病灶

lesion:阴影

shadow;不透光

haziness,opacification,opacity,opaque;致密

density(dense);

低密度

hypodense,low

density;高密度

hyperdense,high

density;混杂密度

mixed

density;

solid,subsolid(part

solid),ground-glass(nonsolid)

回声

echo(echoic)(超声成像):

无回声anecho,弱回声

poor

echo,低回声

hypoecho,low

level

echo;等回声

medium

echo,iso-echo,高回声

hyper

echo,high

level

echo,强回声

strong

echo;

信号

signal(磁共振成像):

低信号

hypointensity;高信号

hyperintensity;

九、程度:

轻度

mild;slightly;中度

moderately;重度

severe;grossly;

十、变化:

一过性的,短暂的

ephemeral;fleeting;transient;

稳定

stability(stable);

密度

水样密度

watery

density

等密度

isodense

均匀密度

homogeneous

density

不均匀密度

nonhomogeneous

density

信号

等信号

isointensity

混合信号

heterogeneous

intensity

信号强度减弱

decreased

signal

intensity

信号强度增高

increased

signal

intensity

流空现象

flow

empty

phenomena

增强

enhancement

静脉团注法

intravenous

bolus

injection

technique

静脉快速滴注法

intravenous

rapid

infusion

增强扫描

enhancement

scan

延迟扫描

delayed

scan

动态扫描

dynamic

scan

电影扫描

cine

scan

增强前

pre-enhancement

pre-contrast

增强后

post-enhancement

post-contrast

动脉期

arterial

phase

微血管期

capillary

phase

静脉期

venous

phase

延迟期

delayed

phase

均匀增强

homogeneous

enhancement

不均匀增强

nonhomegeneous

enhancement

环状增强

circular

enhancement

结节状增强

nodular

enhancement

片状增强

patchy

enhancement

脑回样增强

gyriform

enhancement

边缘增强

rim

enhancement

平片与体位

常规位置:standard

views;

补充位置:supplementary

views;

前后位

AP,anteroposterior;

后前位

PA,posteroanterior;

侧位

lateral;

斜位

oblique;

轴位

axial;

切线位

tangential;

眼眶

orbit

鼻窦后前23°位、华氏位、顶颏位

occipitomental,Waters;

眼眶后前37°位、柯氏位、鼻颌位、枕额位

occipitofrontal,Caldwell;

视神经孔后前位,瑞氏位

Rhese;

颞骨

temporal

bone

乳突侧位:

15°侧位,劳氏位

Law;

25°侧位,许氏位

Schuller;

35°侧位,伦氏位

Runstrom;

斜位:

后前(45°)斜位,斯氏位

Stenvers;

前后斜位、反斯氏位;

岩部轴位:

(仰卧45°)梅氏位

Mayer;

欧文氏位

Owen;

岩部前后位

AP

axial,Towne;

拇指

thumb

拇指前后位

Robert;

hand

后前斜位

pronation

oblique;

前后斜位

supination

oblique,ball-catcher

s

wrist

舟骨位

scaphoid;

腕管位

carpal

tunnel;

elbow

小头位

capitellum,

鹰嘴位

olecranon;

hip

侧位(蛙形位)

frog-leg,

侧位(仰卧水平投照)cross-table

lateral,groin

lateral;

颈椎

cervical

spine

第1、2颈椎前后位,张口位

open-mouth,OMV;

胸部

chest

侧卧位

lateral

decubitus,

前凸位(前后位及后前位)

apical

lordotic;

前弓位

kyphotic;

附:

床旁

portable;

呼气像

expiratory;

高千伏摄影

high

kilovoltage

radiography;

腹部

abdomen

腹平片

plain

abdominal

radiograph,abdominal

plain

film

尿路仰卧前后位,尿路平片:KUB,plain

film

of

kidney,ureters,bladder

(仰卧)前后位

supine

abdominal

radiograph;

立位

upright

abdominal

radiograph;

乳腺

breast

钼靶X线摄影:mammogram,molybdenum

target

radiography;

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