both的用法总结 本文关键词:用法
both的用法总结 本文简介:both的用法总结(北京四中)both的用法有两种,它可以和名词、代词连用,也可以和动词连用,在句中作主语、宾语及同位语,也可作定语。现将其用法归结如下:1)both与名词、代词连用(1)both+(of)+the/物主代词/指示代词+名词,如:①Bothofthecatsareasleep.两只猫
both的用法总结 本文内容:
both的用法总结(北京四中)
both的用法有两种,它可以和名词、代词连用,也可以和动词连用,在句中作主语、宾语及同位语,也可作定语。现将其用法归结如下:
1)both与名词、代词连用
(1)both+(of)
+the/
物主代词/指示代词+名词,如:
①Both
of
the
cats
are
asleep.
两只猫都睡着了。
②I
bought
both
of
these
bottles
in
China
two
years
ago.
两年前我在中国买了这一对瓶子。
③Both
of
his
daughters
are
doctors.
他的两个女儿都是医生。
(2)both直接修饰名词时,不加of。如:
①Both
children
won
prizes.
两个孩子都得了奖。
【注意】不能说both
of
children,但可以说
both
of
the
children.
②I
ve
got
oil
on
both
hands.
我两手都是油。
【注意】不能说both
of
hands,可说both
of
my
hands。
(3)在人称代词前一定要用both
of,不能说
both
we或
both
us,但可以说us
both,them
both等。如:
①Both
of
us
like
skating.
我们俩都喜欢滑冰。
②I
want
both
of
them.
两个我都要。
2)both与动词连用
当both在句中作主语的同位语时,也可与动词连用,both在句中的位置有以下三种情况:
(1)放在是动词be之后。如:
①The
children
are
both
lovely.
这两个孩子都很可爱。
②They
are
both
from
Australia.
他们两个都是澳大利亚人。
【注意】在感叹句或简略答语中,both应置于be之前。如:
③How
beautiful
they
both
are!
他们俩多漂亮啊!
④----Are
you
both
from
Japan?
----Yes,we
both
are.
“你们俩都是日本人吗?”“是的,我们是。”
(2)放在行为动词前。如:
①We
both
like
watching
TV.我们俩都喜欢看电视。
②The
men
both
looked
French.那两个人看起来都像是法国人。
(3)当谓语动词是由几部分组成时,both要放在第一个助动词后面。
如:
①We
have
both
studied
acting.
我们俩都学过演戏。
②The
rooms
have
both
been
cleaned.
这两间屋子都已打扫过了。
3)both作代词时,可单独使用,其后不接名词。如:
①The
brothers
are
good
at
playing
basketball.
Both
will
take
part
in
the
game.这弟兄俩人篮球打得好,他们俩都将参加比赛。
②----Which
one
do
you
want?
----I
ll
take
both
please.
“你要哪一个?”“两个我都要。”
【注意】both与not连用,是部分否定。如:
①Both
the
doors
are
not
open.
两扇门并不都开着。
篇2:英语名词用法总结
英语名词用法总结 本文关键词:英语,用法,名词
英语名词用法总结 本文简介:名词考点:1.掌握可数名词的复数2.学会表示不可数名词的量3.掌握构词法:名词变形容词4.掌握名词所有格的用法5.掌握名词做主语、定语的用法冠词离开名词没有任何意义,因此在学习冠词前,首先要了解名词的分类:个体名词:人或物所共用的名称dog,chair名词可分为:可数名词集体名词:集体的名称clas
英语名词用法总结 本文内容:
名词
考点:
1.
掌握可数名词的复数
2.
学会表示不可数名词的量
3.
掌握构词法:名词变形容词
4.
掌握名词所有格的用法
5.
掌握名词做主语、定语的用法
冠词离开名词没有任何意义,因此在学习冠词前,首先要了解名词的分类:
个体名词:人或物所共用的名称dog,chair
名词可分为:可数名词
集体名词:集体的名称
class,family,police,物质名词:物质的名称
paper,water
不可数名词
抽象名词:抽象的物的名称
happiness
专有名词:
人或物所特有的名称Tom,China
考点一:可数名词的数
可数名词复数变化规则:
(1)规则变化:a.
以-s,-x,-sh,-ch,结尾的名词,在词尾+es,发音/-Is/
eg:classes,brushes,boxes,watches
b.
以辅音字母+
-y结尾,将y变i,再+es,eg:parties,stories(注意元音同y结尾时+s
boys)
c.部分以f或fe结尾的词,将变f/fe为v+es,eg:wife-wives
口诀:(妻见小偷加下藏,手拿小刀想杀狼,忽然飘下一片叶,砸在头上一命亡)
d.部分以o结尾的词,(生物名词,包括动植物,口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿)后加es,
如:Negroes,heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,以o结尾的无生命的词,一般直接+s
eg:photos,pianos,
kilos,tobaccos
(2)不规则变化:a.
名词中所含元音字母发生变化eg:
foot-feet;
tooth-
teeth;
man-
men;
woman-
women;
b:
名词词尾加en/ren:
ox-oxen;
child-children;
c.
单复数同行:fish;
sheep;
deer;
means;
aircraft;
d.
关于国家:
中日不变,英法荷变,其他后面加s
two
Chinese;
five
Japanese;/
Englishmen;
Englishwomen;
Dutchmen;
/Germans;
Americans
e.
有些集体名词用单数形式表达事物总称,如hair,fruit,但在
表示“几根头发”,“若干水果”时,则用复数形式
a
few
white
hairs;
several
foreign
fruits
f.
有些名词形式上是单数的,但实际上是复数的,这一类名词有:cattle牛,家畜;people人们;vermin害虫;
police警察;staff全体职员;
clergy僧侣,神职人员;youth;
mankind;
bacteria;crew等
g.
有些集体名词表示整体时用单数,表示集体中的各个成员时用做复数,能这样用的集体名词有:audience,club,class,college,crowd,company,couple,department,enemy,family,firm,flock,generation,government,group,herd,navy,party,public,population,press新闻界/记者群,staff,team,university等
(3)
复合名词的复数a.
由man或woman为前缀的复合名词,两者都变成复数
a
man
teacher/
men
teachers;
a
woman
doctor/
women
doctors
b.
以两个名词构成的复合名词,除man/woman外,一般将后面的名词变为复数
boy
friend/
boy
friends;
paper
bag/
paper
bags
c.
以’可数名词+介词’
(即有主体名词)构成的复合名词,将前面的名词变为复数形式
passer-by/
passes-
by;
father-in-law/
fathers-in-law
d.
以“动词/过去分词+副词”(即无主体名词)构成的符合名词变成复数,在词尾+s
grown-up/
grown-ups;
stand-by/stand-bys;
go-between/
go-betweens中间人
注意:有一些名词,包括学科名词,形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,如:news消息;mathematics数学
(4)除可数名词外的其它复数形式:a.
年份后加-s或-‘s,
如:the
VIPs或VIP’s
考点二:不可数名词的数
(1)不可数名词就是指无法分清个体的名词,这类词主要为抽象名词和物质名词。表示不可数名词的量时,用“数词或冠词+数量名词+of+不可数名词”,数量名词可以是单数或复数,但of后的名词只用单数,如:
a
piece
of
paper;
two
cups
of
tea;
three
items
of
news
(2)有些物质名词可用复数形式,表示“一份”、”一杯”、”一种”
等,数量或不同的类别,如:two
coffees,please;a
salad一盘沙拉;a
strawberry
ice
cream一份草莓冰淇淋;
fruits各种水果;
teas各种茶;steels各种钢;wools各种羊毛
(3)
有些抽象名词可以用单数或复数形式表示具体的事物。
如:difficulty困难-difficulties难事
success成功-a
success
一个成功的人或一件成功的事
(4)
有个别的物质名词表示不同类别或连绵不断的数量或密度时,可用复数形式。
如:
sands沙滩
waters大片的水
(5)
有些不可数名词,特别是表示自然现象的名词,常可以和不定冠词,形容词连用,表示单数概念,如:a
strong
wind一场大风;a
heavy
snow一场大雪;a
heavy
rain一场大雨;a
good
light一道亮光;
篇3:There-be-句型用法总结
There-be-句型用法总结 本文关键词:句型,用法
There-be-句型用法总结 本文简介:Therebe句型课程讲解(一)一、Therebe句型的用法:表示某个地方存在某物或某人,可以翻译成有的意思。Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。如:房间里有一张桌子。Thereisatableintheroom.区别:表达一个人拥有某样东西时则用have/has,如:我有一张桌子。Ihavea
There-be-句型用法总结 本文内容:
There
be
句型课程讲解(一)
一、
There
be
句型的用法:
表示某个地方存在某物或某人,可以翻译成有的意思。Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。如:房间里有一张桌子。There
is
a
table
in
the
room.
区别:
表达一个人拥有某样东西时则用have/has,如:我有一张桌子。I
have
a
table.
There
be
结构和have的区别与联系
1.区别点:there
be
意为存在,强调某地有某物,不表示所属关系;have
表示所有关系,
强调某地有某物或某人,这是其基本用法。如:
There
are
some
trees
in
front
of
the
house.
房前有些树。
Tom
has
many
friends
in
China.
汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
2.相同点:在表示结构上的含有时,既可以用there
be
句型,也可以用have(has)
来表示。如:
中国有许多长河。
There
are
many
long
rivers
in
China.
China
has
many
long
rivers.
三月份有多少天?
How
many
days
are
there
in
March?
How
many
days
has
March?
二、
There
be
句型的结构:
There
is+第三人称单数可数/不可数主语+地点状语(介词短语)
例:There
is
a
ruler
on
the
desk.
书桌上有一把尺。
There
is
some
water
in
the
bottle.
瓶子里有一些水。
There
are+复数主语+地点状语(介词短语)
例:There
are
four
apples
on
the
tree.
树上有四个苹果。
There
are
many
flowers
in
the
park.
公园里有许多花。
There
is+第三人称单数可数+V-ing+地点状语(介词短语)
例:There
is
a
bird
singing
in
the
tree.
树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。
There
is
a
baby
sleeping
in
the
room.
房间里有一个宝宝正在睡觉。
There
are+复数主语+V-ing+地点状语(介词短语)
例:There
are
some
birds
singing
in
the
tree.
树上有一些鸟正在唱歌。
There
are
two
boys
running
on
the
street.
街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。
There
be
句型的疑问句及回答(二)
一、There
be
句型的疑问
1.
在“There
is/are.”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。
2.
肯定回答为:Yes,there
is/are.
3.
否定回答为:
No,there
isn’t/aren’t.
结构分析:
Be动词+there+主语……?
1.
There
is
an
apple
on
the
tree.
Is
there
an
apple
on
the
tree?
肯定回答:
Yes,there
is.
否定回答:
No,there
isn’t.
2.
There
are
five
pens
on
the
desk.
Are
there
five
pens
on
the
desk?
肯定回答:
Yes,there
are.
否定回答:
No,there
aren’t.
3.
There
is
some
water
in
the
cup.
Is
there
any
water
in
the
cup?
肯定回答:
Yes,there
is.
否定回答:
No,there
isn’t.
There
be
句型的否定形式(三)
一.
There
be
句型的否定:
否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可,但要注意的是句中的some改成any.
1.
There
is
a
knife
in
the
kitchen.
否定:There
is
not
a
knife
in
the
kitchen.
2.
There
are
five
apples
on
the
tree.
否定:There
are
not
five
apples
on
the
tree.
3.
There
is
some
ink
in
the
bottle.
否定:There
is
not
any
ink
in
the
bottle.
4.
There
are
some
birds
singing
in
the
tree.
否定:There
are
not
any
birds
singing
in
the
tree.
二.
There
be否定句型中的not
any与no可以互换。
not
any强调一个都没有。
1.
There
are
not
any
books
in
the
bag.
=There
are
no
books
in
the
bag.
2.
There
is
no
baby
crying
in
the
room.
=There
is
not
any
baby
crying
in
the
room.
3.
There
are
no
students
in
the
classroom.
=There
are
not
any
students
in
the
classroom.
4.
There
is
not
any
milk
in
the
bottle.
=There
is
no
milk
in
the
bottle.
There
be
句型的练习题
二.
把下例句子改成疑问句:
1.
There
are
four
apples
on
the
ground.
(Level2---1S)
疑问句:_______________________________________
2.
There
are
five
birds
in
the
tree.
(Level2---1S)
疑问句:_______________________________________
5.
There
are
five
birds
singing
in
the
tree.
(Level2---1S)
疑问句:_______________________________________
6.
There
is
an
armchair
in
the
living
room.
(Level2---2S)
疑问句:______________________________________
7.
There’s
a
sofa
in
the
living
room.
(Level2---2S)
疑问句:______________________________________
8.
There’s
a
rubber
duck
in
the
bathmat.
(Level2---3S)
疑问句:______________________________________
三.把下例句子改成否定句:
1.
There
are
two
bowls
on
the
table.
(Level2---4S)
否定句:__________________________________________
2.
There
are
some
beautiful
flowers
in
the
garden.
(Level2---5S)
否定句:__________________________________________
3.
There
is
a
tree
in
the
garden.
(Level2---5S)
否定句:___________________________________________
4.
There
is
an
apple
tree
in
the
garden.
(Level2---5S)
否定句:____________________________________________
四.
按要求改句子(…not
any…=…no…)
1.
There
are
not
any
cats
in
my
family.
=_________________________________________
2.
There
is
not
any
milk
in
the
bottle.
=_________________________________________
3.
There
are
no
teachers
in
the
school.
=_________________________________________
五、用There
be
句型翻译下列句子
1.
教室里有很多桌子和凳子。
2.
冰箱有很多水果。
3.
小猫有一身干净而洁白的毛。
4.
树上有两个风筝和一只鸟。
树上有一只鸟和两个风筝。
5.
书桌里有三本故事书和一个书包。
6.
苹果树上没有苹果。(方法:将这句话变成肯定句子,然后在变成否定句)
7.
树上没有三个苹果但是有三个风筝。此句要注意苹果、风筝和树的不同属关系,在翻译时要注意in
the
tree和on
the
tree(长在树上)的区别。
8.
家里没有人。(此句要注意people实是复数的问题。)
9.
书架上有很多书。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+
be(is/are)+there+其它?
在这个句型的一般疑问句之前,加上疑问词,变成特殊疑问句。例如,
How
many
birds
are
there
in
the
picture?图片中有多少只小鸟?
here
are
four
birds
in
the
picture.图中有4只鸟。
使用how
many提问时,即可针对复数形式的名词提问,也可针对单数形式的名词提问。
在应答中,可以按实际情况回答。例如:
How
many
boats
are
there
in
the
river?河里有多少只船?
There
is
only
one.仅有一只。
对画线部分提问
there
be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:1.对主语提问:(1)当主语是人时,用“Who’s+介词短语?”(2)当主语是物时,用“What’s
+
介词短语?”.注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是“复数“,对之提问时一般都用be的“单数“形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定).2.对地点状语提问:提问地点当然用“Where
is
/
are+主语?”3.对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构:How
many+复数名词+are
there+介词短语?How
much+不可数名词+is
there+介词短语?
1.
There
are
some
pencils
in
my
pencil
box.
2.
There
is
no
ink
in
my
pen.
3.
There
is
a
rocking
chair
in
my
bedroom.
4.
There
are
two
new
books
for
you.
5.
There
is
one
ruler
on
the
desk.
6.
There
is
one
cap
on
the
desk.
7.
There
are
two
pencil
boxes
in
the
book
bag.
8.
There
are
four
apples
on
the
ground.
9.
There
are
five
birds
in
the
tree.
10.
There
are
five
birds
singing
in
the
tree.
11.
There
is
an
armchair
in
the
living
room.
12.
There’s
a
sofa
in
the
living
room.
13.
There’s
a
rubber
duck
in
the
bathmat.
14.
There’s
a
cake
on
the
table.
15.
There
are
two
bowls
on
the
table.
16.
There
are
some
beautiful
flowers
in
the
garden.
17.
There
is
a
tree
in
the
garden.
18.
There
is
an
apple
tree
in
the
garden.
19.
There
are
four
members
in
my
family.
20.
And
there
are
eight
pencils.
21.
And
now
there
are
nine
pencils
here.
22.
There
are
six
candies
in
the
jar.
23.
There
are
nine
pencils
in
the
pencil
box.
24.
There’s
a
table
in
the
room.
25.
There’s
an
apple
on
the
table.
26.
There’s
a
map
on
the
wall.
27.
There’s
some
shampoo.
28.
There’s
a
bathmat
in
the
bathroom.
29.
There’s
a
place
mat
on
the
table.
30.
There
are
some
meats
on
the
plate.