初中英语状语从句知识点总结 本文关键词:状语,从句,知识点,初中英语
初中英语状语从句知识点总结 本文简介:初中英语状语从句知识点总结(一)用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导,与主句连接起来。若置于句末,则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用,状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。1时间状语从句时间状语从句常用从属连词whe
初中英语状语从句知识点总结 本文内容:
初中英语状语从句知识点总结(一)
用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导,与主句连接起来。若置于句末,则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用,状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。
1时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用从属连词when,after,until,as
soon
as,等来引导。
当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时,其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。
如:Please
call
me
when
you
get
there.当你到那时,请给我打个电话。
I
will
write
to
you
as
soon
as
I
arrive
in
Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。
since引导时间状语从句表示“自从…以来”,从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点,用过去时;而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为:
It
has
been/is+一段时间+since+过去时。
如:I
has
been/is
three
years
since
we
met
last
time.自从我们上次见面,已经三年了。
2条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有:if(如果),unless(除非),as
long
as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。
如:I
will
stay
at
home
if
it
rains
tomorrow.如果明天下雨,我就待在家。
You
can’t
learn
English
well
unless
you
work
hard.
除非你努力学习,否则是学不好英语的。
由if引导的条件状语从句,若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实,则常用虚拟语气,即用过去时态表示(如果涉及到be动词,一律都用were)。此时,主句则用过去将来时。
如:If
I
had
enough
money,I
would
buy
it
for
you.如果我又足够的钱,我将把它买给你。
I
wouldn’t
do
it
if
I
were
you.如果我是你,我是不会做的。
3原因状语从句
because,since,as,for都可用来引导原因状语从句,那么它们又有哪些区别呢?
①because用来表示“造成某种结果的直接原因”,语气较浓,常用来回答why提出的问句。如:
---Why
are
you
late?
---Because
my
bike
is
broken.
②as和since用来表示“看的到的或是不说也知道的原因”,since也可译作:“既然”。
如:As
he
is
old
enough,let
him
do
it.他既然长大了,就让他干吧!
Since
his
shoes
are
worn
out,let’s
buy
him
a
new
pair.
既然他的鞋坏了,那我们就给他买双新的吧。
③for引导的原因状语从句不置于句首,常用来表示“顺便提及的理由”,只是稍带说明原因,并非强调。
如:I
must
stay
here,for
it’s
raining
so
hard.我必须得待在这儿,因为雨下的很大。
初中英语状语从句知识点总结(二)
1状语从句
在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较(或方式)和条件等类。
1.时间状语从句
引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after,before,as
soon
as
The
bus
won’t
start
until
everybody
gets
on.
公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。
When
he
knocked
at
the
door
I
was
cooking.
当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。
Last
night
before
he
came
back
home,his
wife
had
already
cooked
dinner
and
waited
for
2
hours.
昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
After
I
went
to
church,I
went
shopping.
2.
地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where,wherever
引导。
Where
there
is
a
will,there
is
a
way.
哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。
Where
there
is
a
life,there
is
a
hope.
哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
Wherever
you
go,whatever
you
do,I
will
be
right
here
waiting
for
you.
不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。
3.原因状语从句
引导连词有because,as,since。
He
didn′t
see
the
film
because
he
had
seen
it.
他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。
They
couldn’t
get
on
the
train,for
it
was
too
crowed.
比较:because,since,as和for
1)
because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或
since。
I
didn
t
go,because
I
was
afraid.
Since
/As
the
weather
is
so
bad,we
have
to
delay
our
journey.
2)
由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗
号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
He
is
absent
today,because
/
for
he
is
ill.
He
must
be
ill,for
he
is
absent
today.
注意
because不能和so
连用。
4.
目的状语从句
引导连词有
that,
so
that…,in
order
that。
He
must
get
up
early
so
that
he
can
catch
the
first
bus.
他必须早起,以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。
He
repainted
the
house
so
that
he
could
welcome
the
guests.
Millions
of
trees
are
planted
in
North
China
so
that
the
sand
can
be
stopped
from
moving
south.
The
mother
left
work
earlier
in
order
that
she
could
be
at
home
when
the
children
arrived.
So
that
…——以便/以致……
例如:(1)They
studied
hard
so
that
they
could
pass
the
exam.
(2)They
started
early
so
that
they
caught
the
early
bus.
注意点:
在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语;在例句(2)中,是引导结果状语。一般来讲,从句中含有情态动词的,为目的状语。无情态动词的,为结果状语。
5.结果状语从句
引导连词有that,so…that…,such….that
The
box
is
so
heavy
that
I
can’t
lift
it.
这个盒子如此沉,以致我无法抬起来。
such+名词性词组+that…
So+形容词/副词+that…——如此……以致……
例如:(1)She
is
such
a
good
teacher
that
we
all
love
her.
(2)It
was
such
a
hot
day
that
they
didn’t
go
out
for
a
walk
as
usual.
注意点:
1.such+a+形容词+名词+that…,可以改写成:so+形容词+a+名词+that…,例句(1)可以改写成:She
is
so
good
a
teacher
that
we
all
love
her.
2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that…结构中,形容词如果是many/few或much/little时,用so不用such,即:so+many/few+可数名词复数+that…,so+much/little+不可数名词+that…
(1)There
are
so
many
people
in
the
room
that
I
can’t
get
in.
(2)The
man
has
so
much
money
that
he
can
buy
a
car.
6.让步状语从句
引导连词有though,although;
even
though/if;
whatever;
however
Although
he
is
young,he
knows
a
lot
of
things.
虽然他年龄小,但却认识许多事物。
Even
though
you
don’t
like
him,you
still
have
to
be
polite.
Whatever
you
say,I
will
not
change
my
mind.
注意
although,though不能和but连用。
7.比较(方式)状语从句以than为引导连词。常见连词(as)…as,…than…;
the…,the…
Jim
is
older
than
Lucy(is).
吉姆比路希年长。
Skiing
is
more
exciting
than
running.
The
more
you
practice,the
more
knowledge
you
will
get.
注意
than
引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。
8.条件状语从句以if,unless为引导连词。
If
you
eat
bad
food,you
may
be
ill.
如果你吃到坏了的食物,就会生病。
If
it
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow,we
will
have
a
sports
meet.
注意
主句是将来时,从句用一般现在时。
状语从句中常见的误点
1)时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配:(俗称:主将从现)
2)原因状语从句because与because
of
;
Because+从句
和because
of
+n./
pron
例如:I
was
late
because
I
didn’t
catch
the
bus.
I
was
late
because
of
the
rain.