高中定语从句十大考点总结 本文关键词：从句，十大，定语，考点，高中
高中定语从句十大考点总结 本文简介：定语从句的十大考点修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词；定语从句的引导词叫关系词（关系代词&关系副词）；定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句（前有逗号隔开）引导定语从句的关系代词有：thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas关系副词有：whenwherewhy
高中定语从句十大考点总结 本文内容：
定语从句的十大考点
修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词；定语从句的引导词叫关系词（关系代词&关系副词）；定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句（前有逗号隔开）
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that
which
who
whom
whose
as
关系副词有：when
where
why
定语从句的十大考点
1.
that
与which
在指代物时的用法区别
that
和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句，但是用法有区别：
(1)
只能用that的情况
a.先行词为everything，all，little，much等不定代词时；
b.先行词被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修饰时；
c.先行词被the
only，the
very，the
same，the
last修饰时；
d.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；
e.先行词是be的表语或there
be
的主语时；
f.先行词有人又有物时；
g.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
(2)只能用which的两种情况
a.非限定性定语从句中
b.关系代词前面有介词时
Galileo
built
a
telescope
through
which
he
could
study
the
skies.
2．which与as的区别
as
和which
都可以引导非限制性定语从句，三种情况下只能用as，不能用which
a.
as置于句首引导定语从句时（As
we
know,…）
b.
as
含有“正如”之意（…as
we
expected）
c.
先行词前有such,the
same
修饰时（…such
an
easy
question
as
the
little
boy
can
answer.）As
is
often
the
case等。
3.
who、whom、that
的区别
a.先行词为指人的不定代词时，如those或people
时，常用关系代词who,不用that
b.介词之后用关系代词whom引导定语从句
c.当先行词是一个限定性的表示人的特定名词时，不用that.
如：The
aunt
who
came
to
see
us
last
week
is
my
farther’s
younger
sister.
4.
whose
用法
“whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西）
例：A
child
whose
parents
are
dead
is
called
an
orphan.（“whose
parents”表示那个孩子的双亲）
He
lives
in
a
room
whose
window
faces
south.（“whose”表示那个房子的窗户）
whose
表所属关系指物时，可与
of
which
转换，词序一般是：
名词+
of
which
Look
at
the
building,the
roof
of
which
(
=
whose
roof
)is
white
.
5.
介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法
a.
介词之后的关系代词只能用which（先行词为物）或者是whom（先行词为人）
b.
介词的选择方法有三个原则：一“先”二“动”三“意义”
I
lost
my
pen,with
which
I
took
notes.
(先行词为pen,使用钢笔用with)
This
is
the
house
in
which
he
lives.
(定语从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词)
The
gas
is
oxygen
without
which
we
can’t
live.
(根据句意决定)
6.
先行词为way时
先行词为way，在定语从句中作状语时，用that，in
which引导定语从句，也可以省略关系词。
e.g.
I
don’t
like
the
way(that/in
which)
he
speaks
to
his
parents.
7.
关系副词when、where、when引导定语从句的具体用法
①
先行词表示时间、地点、原因时，在定语从句中作状语，选择相应的关系副词when、where、why引导定语从句。若其在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则选择关系代词引导定语从句。区别三组例句：
a.
This
is
the
place
where
he
lives.
a.
This
is
the
place
that/which
he
visited
last
year.
b.
I
still
remember
the
time
when
my
brother
was
a
little
boy.
b.I
still
remember
the
time
that/which
we
spent
together.
c.
This
is
the
reason
why
he
was
late.
c.This
is
the
reason
that/which
he
gave
us.
②某些非地点时间名词用定语从句修饰，关系词在从句中作状语，由where引导定语从句（stage,case,point,situation,position）；同样用法的还有occasion,由when引导定语从句。
e.g.
I
can
think
of
many
cases
where
students
know
a
lot
of
words
but
don’t
write
a
good
essay.
There
are
many
occasions
when
people
don’t
know
what
they
want.
8.
定语从句中的谓语动词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。
e.g.
Anyone
who
wants
to
have
a
holiday
puts
up
your
hand.
Those
who
want
to
have
a
holiday
put
up
your
hand.
This
is
one
of
the
students
who
have
passed
the
exam.
This
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
has
passed
the
exam.
9.
区分定语从句和其他句型
①区别于简单句和并列句
There
are
70students
in
our
class,most
of
whom
are
boys.
(定语从句)
There
are
70students
in
our
class,and
most
of
them
are
boys.
（并列句）
There
are
70students
in
our
class
.
Most
of
them
are
boys.
（简单句）
②区别于强调句型
It
is
in
the
factory
that
he
works.
(强调句型)
It
is
the
factory
where
he
works.
（定语从句）
③区别于同位语从句
The
news
that
she
had
passed
the
exam
excited
us.（同位语从句：对名词解释说明）
The
news
that
he
told
us
excited
us.
（定语从句：对名词修饰限定）
④区别于状语从句
Do
you
know
the
time
when
the
class
is
over?
(定语从句，有先行词)
Let’s
play
games
when
the
class
is
over.（时间状语从句，无先行词）
Put
the
book
where
it
belongs.
(地点状语从句，无先行词)
10.
定语从句中关系词的省略
定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可以省略，介词之后的关系代词不可省略。
This
is
the
house
which
he
lives
in.
(√)
This
is
the
house
he
lives
in.
(√)
This
is
the
house
in
which
he
lives.
(√)
This
is
the
house
in
he
lives.
(×)
练习题：
I.用相应的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1.
He_______makes
himself
a
sheep
shall
be
eaten
by
the
wolf.
2.
I
know
the
reason_________he
was
angery.
3.
You
can
take
anything______you
like.
4.
Our
hometown
is
no
longer
the
one______
it
used
to
be
.
5.
He
is
a
man
______we
should
learn
from.
6.
There
is
a
teapot
shaped
like
a
Chinese
duck,out
of
______mouth
tea
is
supposed
to
come.
7.
In
the
dark
street,there
wasn’t
a
single
person
to_______
she
could
turn
for
help.
8.
He
came
the
day
_________I
was
out.
9.
I
live
in
the
room_________he
used
to
live.
10.
Have
you
asked
him
the
reason
_________may
explain
his
success?
11.An
ecosystem
consists
of
the
living
and
nonliving
things
in
an
area
______interact
with
one
another.
12.The
book
has
helped
me
greatly
in
my
daily
communication,especially
at
work
____
a
good
impression
is
a
must.
13.
________is
often
the
case
with
children,Amy
was
better
by
the
time
the
doctor
arrived.
14.
A
company
_____profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad.
15.He
wrote
a
letter
________
he
explained
what
had
happened
in
the
accident.
II.
用定语从句翻译下面的句子。
1.我的故乡已不再是过去的那个面貌了。
___________________________________________________________________
2.你知道刚才和我们打招呼的人是谁吗？
__________________________________________________________________
3.他是第一个给我们提出有用建议的人。
_________________________________________________________________
4.正如我们大家所知，一切能做的事情都做了。
_______________________________________________________________
5.这是自1990年以来出版的最精彩的小说之一。
2015年
1.
Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
upon______
school
education
depends.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
whose
D.
which
【安徽】
2.
China
Today
attracts
a
worldwide
readership,_______
shows
that
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
want
to
learn
about
China.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
that
D.
which【福建】
3.
The
number
of
smokers,_____
is
reported,has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as【江苏】
4.
As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time_____
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whom
D.
when【陕西】
5.
The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
______
his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
who【天津】
6.
He
wrote
many
children’
s
books,nearly
half
of____
were
published
in
the
1990s.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
them
D.
that
【重庆】
7.
The
books
on
the
desk,______covers
are
shiny,are
prizes
for
us.
A．which
B.what
C.whose
D.that
【四川】
8.
Opposite
is
St.Paul’s
Church,_____you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
A.which
B.that
C.when
D.where
【北京】
9.
Creating
an
atmosphere
__employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
A.
as
B.
whose
C.
in
which
D.
at
which
【浙江】
10.It
is
a
truly
delightful
place,________
looks
the
same
as
it
must
have
done
100
years
ago
with
its
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages.
A.
as
B.
where
C.
that
D.
which
【湖南】
II.
下面句子中有一处错误请改正。
1.
Here
is
so
big
a
stone
that
no
one
can
lift.
2.
Some
pre-school
children
go
to
a
day
care
center,there
they
learn
simple
games
and
songs.
3.
The
place
where
interested
me
most
was
the
Children’s
Palace.
4.
That
is
the
day
when
I
will
never
forget.
5.
Smoking,that
is
a
bad
habit,is
however,popular.
6.
My
neighbour
used
to
give
me
a
hand
in
time
of
trouble,it
was
very
kind
of
them.
7.
I
can
remember
the
day
that
I
live
with
my
parents.
8.
I
don’t
believe
the
reason
that
he
he
was
late
for
school.
9.
The
bike
and
its
rider
who
had
run
over
an
old
woman
were
held
up
by
the
police.
10.
Edison
build
up
a
factory
where
produced
thing
that
had
never
been
seen
before.