英语倒装句用法经典总结 本文关键词：倒装，英语，用法，经典
英语倒装句用法经典总结 本文简介：英语倒装句用法经典总结英语部分倒装用法归纳1.否定副词位于句首时的倒装在正式文体中，never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,nolonger,nowhere等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：Ishallneverfor
英语倒装句用法经典总结 本文内容：
英语倒装句用法经典总结
英语部分倒装用法归纳
1.
否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中，never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,no
sooner,no
longer,nowhere
等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
I
shall
never
forgive
him.
/
Never
shall
I
forgive
him.
我永远不会宽恕他。
He
seldom
goes
out
for
dinner.
/
Seldom
does
he
go
out
for
dinner.
他很少出去吃饭。
She
hardly
has
time
to
listen
to
music.
/
Hardly
does
she
have
time
to
listen
to
music.
她几乎没时间听音乐。
He
little
realizes
how
important
this
meeting
is.
/
Little
does
he
realize
how
important
this
meeting
is.
他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We
had
no
sooner
reached
the
airport
than
the
plane
took
off.
/
No
sooner
had
we
reached
the
airport
than
the
plane
took
off.
我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
【注意】
(1)
对于not…until句型，当not
until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：
He
didn’t
leave
the
room
until
the
rain
stopped.
/
Not
until
the
rain
stopped
did
he
leave
the
room.
雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
(2)
某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：
On
no
accounts
must
this
switch
be
touched.
这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In
[Under]
no
circumstances
will
I
lend
money
to
him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
但是，in
no
time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：
In
no
time
he
worked
out
the
problem.
他马上就算出了那道题。
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only
then
did
he
realize
that
he
was
wrong.
到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only
in
this
way
are
you
able
to
do
it
well.
你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only
when
he
returned
home
did
he
realize
what
had
happened.
当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3.
“so+adj.
/
adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So
cold
was
the
weather
that
we
had
to
stay
at
home.
天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So
fast
does
light
travel
that
we
can
hardly
imagine
its
speed.
光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So
sudden
was
the
attack
that
we
had
no
time
to
escape.
袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：
You
are
young
and
so
am
I.
你年轻，我也年轻。
She
likes
music
and
so
do
I.
她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If
he
can
do
it,so
can
I.
要是他能做此事，我也能。
【注意】
(1)
若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：
You
aren’t
young
and
neither
am
I.
你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She
hasn’t
read
it
and
nor
have
I.
她没有读它，我也没有读。
(2)
注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
“It
was
cold
yesterday.““So
it
was.““昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
“Father,you
promised.““Well,so
I
did.““爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。”
5.
由not
only…but
also引出的倒装
当not
only…but
also位于句首引出句子时，not
only
后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：
Not
only
is
he
a
teacher,but
he
is
also
a
poet.
他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not
only
did
he
speak
more
correctly,but
he
spoke
more
easily.
不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
6.
虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had,were,should等时，如将if省略，则要将had,were,should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：
Had
you
come
yesterday,you
would
have
seen
him.若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。
Should
you
require
anything
give
me
a
ring.
如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。
Were
it
not
for
your
help,I
would
still
be
homeless.
要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。
【注意】省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词：
Had
I
money,I
would
buy
it.
假若我有钱，我就会买它。
完全倒装的四种主要类型
1.
here
和there位于句首时的倒装
表示地点的here和
there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：
Here’s
Tom.
汤姆在这里。
There’s
Jim.
吉姆在那儿。
Here
comes
the
bus.
公共汽车来了。
There
goes
the
bell.
铃响了。
There
goes
the
last
train.
最后一班火车开走了。
【注意】
(1)
以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说
Here
is
coming
the
bus。
(2)
若主语为代词，则不倒装：
Here
I
am.
我在这儿。/
我来了。
Here
it
comes.
它来了。
(3)
其中的动词有时也可能是stand,lie,live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：
There
stood
a
desk
against
the
wall.
靠墙放着一张书桌。
Once
upon
a
time
there
lived
a
man
known
by
the
name
of
Beef.
从前有个人名叫比夫。
2.
away和down等位于句首时的倒装
地点副词away,down,in,off,out,over,round,up
等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：
Away
went
the
runners.
赛跑选手们跑远了。
Round
and
round
flew
the
plane.
飞机盘旋着。
The
door
opened
and
in
came
Mr
Smith.
门开了，史密斯先生进了来。
Down
came
the
rain
and
up
went
the
umbrellas.
下雨了，伞都撑起来了。
【注意】
若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：
Away
he
went.
他跑远了。
Down
it
came.
它掉了下来。
3.
状语或表语位于句首时的倒装
为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：
Among
these
people
was
his
friend
Jim.
他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。
By
the
window
sat
a
young
man
with
a
magazine
in
his
hand.
窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
【注意】
在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：
In
the
box
was
a
cat.
箱子里是一只猫。
In
the
box
were
some
cats.
箱子里是一些猫。
4.
分词和不定式置于句首的倒装
有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：
Buried
in
the
sands
was
an
ancient
village.
一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。
Standing
beside
the
table
was
his
wife.
站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
To
be
carefully
considered
are
the
following
questions.
下列问题要仔细考虑。
涉及only的倒装及考题分析
按英语习惯同，当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。如：
Only
then
did
he
realize
that
he
was
wrong.
到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only
in
this
way
are
you
able
to
do
it
well.
你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only
in
this
way
can
our
honour
be
saved.
只有这样，才能保住我们的荣誉。
Only
then
did
I
understand
what
she
meant.
只有到那时我才明白她的意思。
Only
after
her
death
was
I
able
to
appreciate
her.
只有到她死后我才认识到她的价值。
Only
when
he
returned
home
did
he
realize
what
had
happened.
当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
learn
English.
只有这样才能学会英语。
The
pilot
reassured
the
passengers.
Only
then
did
I
realize
how
dangerous
the
situation
had
been.
飞机驾驶员要乘客们放心，这时我才明白刚才的情况有多危险。
Only
by
shouting
was
he
able
to
make
himself
heard.
他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。
Only
when
we
landed
did
we
see
how
badly
the
plane
had
been
damaged.
我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。
Only
on
one
point
do
I
agree
with
you.
只有一点，我同意你的说法。
【典型考题】(答案分别为DC)
1.
Only
then
_________
how
much
damage
had
been
caused.
A.
she
realized
B.
she
had
realized
C.
had
she
realized
D.
did
she
realize
2.
Only
after
my
friend
came
_________.
A.
did
the
computer
repaired
B.
be
repaired
the
computer
C.
was
the
computer
repaired
D.
the
computer
was
repaired
特别说明：有时命题者不是利用位于句首的“only+状语”来考查倒装，而是倒过来，利用给定的倒装结构来考查对only的选择。如下面一题(答案选A)：
_________
by
keeping
down
costs
will
Power
Data
hold
its
advantage
over
other
companies.
A.
Only
B.
Just
C.
Still
D.
Yet
涉及副词so的两类常考倒装
这类倒装主要见于以下两种情形：
1.
当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如：
So
cold
was
the
weather
that
we
had
to
stay
at
home.
天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So
fast
does
light
travel
that
we
can
hardly
imagine
its
speed.
光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。
So
sudden
was
the
attack
that
we
had
no
time
to
escape.
袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
2.
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构。如：
You
are
young
and
so
am
I.
你年轻，我也年轻。
She
likes
music
and
so
do
I.
她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If
he
can
do
it,so
can
I.
要是他能做此事，我也能。
【典型考题】(答案分别为BBA)
1.
So
difficult
_________
it
to
work
out
the
problem
that
I
decided
to
ask
Tom
for
advice.
A.
I
did
find
B.
did
I
find
C.
I
have
found
D.
have
I
found
2.
_________
about
wild
plants
that
they
decided
to
make
a
trip
to
Madagascar
for
further
research.
A.
so
curious
the
couple
was
B.
So
curious
were
the
couple
C.
How
curious
the
couple
were
D.
The
couple
was
such
curious
3.
—It’s
burning
hot
today,isn’t
it?—Yes.
_________
yesterday.
A.
So
was
it
B.
So
it
was
C.
So
it
is
D.
So
is
it
特别说明：
(1)
若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor。如：
You
aren’t
young
and
neither
am
I.
你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She
hasn’t
read
it
and
nor
have
I.
她没有读它，我也没有读。
请看考题(答案选D)：
Mary
never
does
any
reading
in
the
evening,_________.
A.
so
does
John
B.
John
does
too
C.
John
doesn’t
too
D.
nor
does
John
(2)
注意“So+助动词+主语”与表示强调或同意的“So+主语+助动词”的区别。如：
“It
was
cold
yesterday.”
“So
it
was.”
“昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
请看考题(答案分别为CD)：
1.
—
Maggie
had
a
wonderful
time
at
the
party.
—_________,and
so
did
I.
A.
So
she
had
B.
So
had
she
C.
So
she
did
D.
So
did
she
2.—Father,you
promised!
—Well,_________.
But
it
was
you
who
didn’t
keep
your
word
first.
A.
so
was
I
B.
so
did
I
C.
so
I
was
D.
so
I
did
倒装句中的主谓一致
在“副词here,there,now,then,up,down,in,out,away等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语＋谓语动词＋主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：
On
the
wall
hang
two
maps.
墙上挂着两张地图。
On
the
wall
hangs
a
world
of
map.
墙上挂着一张世界地图。
Here
is
your
coat.
这是你的外套。
Here
are
your
running-shoes.
这是你的跑鞋。
Such
is
the
result.
结果就是这样。
Such
are
the
results.
这就是结果。
副词后的倒装
here
和
there
之后以及诸如
back,down,off,up
等一类的副词小品词之后，名词主语一般置于谓语之后。这类副词常与诸如
come
和
go
等转移动词一起连用。如：
Here
comes
a
taxi!
There
goes
the
last
train!
有辆出租车来了!
最后一班火车开走了!
(注意这里不可用进行时)
Down
came
the
rain
and
up
went
the
umbrellas.
下雨了，伞都撑了起来。
当我们给人东西或确定位置时，这种倒装常用在be之后(主语往往是复数)。如：
Here’s
a
cup
of
tea
for
you.
给你一杯茶。(给东西)
Here’s
your
letters.
这儿有你的信。(给与或指明)
There’s
(重读)
Johnny
smith.
约翰尼·史密斯在那儿。(确定位置)
主语如是代词则不倒装。如：
Here
it
comes.
它来了。
There
she
goes.
她走了。
Up
it
went.
它上去了。
Here
you
are.
给你。
There
she
is.
她在那儿。
地点状语后的倒装
地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词
(如lie,live,sit,stand)
或转移的动词
(如come,go,rise)，用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。如：
At
the
top
of
the
hill
stood
the
tiny
chapel.
那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。
In
the
fields
of
poppies
lay
the
dying
soldiers.
罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。
别的动词如属被动语态也可以倒装。
In
the
distance
could
be
seen
the
purple
mountains.
远处可以见到紫色的山。
主语如是代词则不能倒装：
At
the
top
of
the
hill
it
stood
out
against
the
sky.
它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。
否定副词之后的倒装
否定或近似否定副词(往往是时间或频度副词，如never,rarely,seldom)，或是具有否定作用的副词，如
little,on
no
account
等。如：
Never
/
Seldom
has
there
been
so
much
protest
against
the
Bomb.
这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动从未
/
很少
/
有过。
Little
does
he
realize
how
important
this
meeting
is.
他对这个会议的重要性不甚了了。
On
no
account
must
you
accept
any
money
if
he
offers
it.
他如要给你钱，你可绝不能接受。
当这种副词不在句首时，当然应该用正常词序：
There
has
never
/
seldom
been
so
much
protest
against
the
Bomb.
从未
/
很少发生过这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动。
He
little
realizes
how
important
this
meeting
is.
他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
另外，有些含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后也要用倒装。如：
In
no
case
should
you
give
up.
你绝不能放弃。
On
no
condition
should
we
tell
her
about
it.
我们绝不能把此事告诉她。
On
no
accounts
must
this
switch
be
touched.这个开关是绝
不能触摸的。
In
[Under]
no
circumstances
will
I
lend
money
to
him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
Under
no
circumstances
should
you
lend
him
any
money.
你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。
No
way
will
I
go
on
working
for
that
man.
我不再给那个人工作了。
涉及not
only…but
also…的部分倒装
not
only…but
also…前后连接两个句子时，not
only后的句子要用部分倒装，但but
also后的分句不用倒装。如：
Not
only
did
he
come,but
he
saw
her.
他不仅来了，而且还见到了她。
Not
only
does
she
speak
Spanish,(but)
she
also
knows
how
to
type.
她不但会说西班牙语，还会打字呢。
Not
only
is
he
a
teacher,but
he
is
also
a
poet.
他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not
only
did
he
speak
more
correctly,but
he
spoke
more
easily.
不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
Not
only
did
they
present
a
musical
performance,but
they
also
gave
a
brief
introduction
to
the
history
of
Western
brass
instruments.
他们不但做了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍了西方铜管乐器的历史。
类似So
/
Neither
do
I的部分倒装
so
/
neither
/
nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，其句型是：so
/
neither
/
nor+特殊词+主语。使句此句型需注意以下几点：①内容是肯定时，用so，内容是否定时，用neither或nor；②“特殊词”与前句中的情态动词、助动词或be相同，或根据前句的时态，用do,does,did；③“特殊词”的人称和数与其后的主语一致；④“特殊词”本身没有否定形式。如：
You
are
young
and
so
am
I.
你年轻，我也年轻。
She
likes
music
and
so
do
I.
她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If
he
can
do
it,so
can
I.
要是他能做此事，我也能。
You
aren’t
young
and
neither
am
I.
你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She
hasn’t
read
it
and
nor
have
I.
她没有读它，我也没有读。
涉及so…that的部分倒装
在so.
that…结构中，若将so+adj.
/
adv.
置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。如：
So
cold
was
the
weather
that
we
had
to
stay
at
home.
天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So
much
did
they
eat
that
they
could
not
move
for
the
next
hour.
他们吃得太多了，一个小时都动弹不得。
So
loudly
did
he
speak
that
even
people
in
the
next
room
could
hear
him.
他讲话声音那么大，隔壁屋里的人都听得见。
So
fast
does
light
travel
that
we
can
hardly
imagine
its
speed.
光速很快，我们几乎没法像它的速度。
So
sudden
was
the
attack
that
we
had
no
time
to
escape.
袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
类似地，当such…that…结构的such…置于句首时，such后的句子也要使用部分倒装。如：
Such
a
nice
man
did
he
seem
that
we
all
believe
him.
他像个很和蔼的人，所以我们都喜欢他。
表语或状语置于句首时的完全倒装
有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密，就将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语动词也常置于主语前，构成完全倒装。如：
By
the
door
stood
an
armed
guard.
门口站着一名手持武器的士兵。
At
the
next
table
was
a
pretty
girl
waiting
for
someone.
隔壁桌上坐着一个等人的漂亮姑娘。
Among
these
people
was
his
friend
Jim.
他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。
By
the
window
sat
a
young
man
with
a
magazine
in
his
hand.
窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
At
the
front
of
the
book
is
a
table
of
contents,giving
details
of
what
is
in
the
book.
书的前部有目录，详列了书中的内容。
as引导让步状语从句时的倒装
as作“虽然”解，引导让步状语从句时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。此时应注意几点：一是若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词，要省略不定冠词；二是若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词)，与之连用的通常是may,might,will,would等，且这些词都要保留在原来的位置上(主语后)；三是though有时也可像as这样使作倒装。如：
Tired
as
I
was,I
tried
to
help
them.
虽然我很累，我还是努力帮助他们。
Try
as
he
would,he
couldn’t
open
the
door.
他试过多次了,却仍打不开那门。
Search
as
they
would,they
would
find
nobody
in
the
house.
无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。
Hard
as
(though)
they
tried,they
couldn’t
make
her
change
her
mind.
尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。
Boy
as
he
was,he
behaved
like
a
girl.
他虽是个男孩，但举止却像个女孩。
非谓语动词置于句首的倒装
有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。如：
Buried
in
the
sands
was
an
ancient
village.
一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。
Standing
beside
the
table
was
his
wife.
站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
To
be
carefully
considered
are
the
following
questions.
下列问题要仔细考虑。